查尔斯狄更斯英文ppt课件.ppt

查尔斯狄更斯（Charles Dickens，18121870）,*C.D is one of the greatest Victorian writers*“the genius who most fully expressed his contemporaries in the common interest”-Stefan Zweig,Introduction,狄更斯1812年2月7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，1 出生于海军小职员家庭，少年时因家庭生活窘迫，只能断断续续入校求学。后被迫到工场做童工。15岁以后，当过律师事务所学徒、录事和法庭记录员。20岁开始当报馆采访员，报道下议院。1837年他完成了第一部长篇小说匹克威克外传，是第一部现实主义小说创作，后来创作才能日渐成熟，先后出版了雾都孤儿（1838）、老古玩店（1841）、董贝父子（1848）、大卫科波菲尔（1850）、艰难时世（1854）、双城记（1859）远大前程（1861）等 2，1870年6月9日卒于罗切斯特附近的盖茨山庄。Dickens was born on February 7,1812,in the suburbs of Portsmouth,1 in the family of a small naval officer.When he was a teenager,he had to go to school intermittently because of his family life.Then they were forced to work as child labourers in the workshops.After 15 years of age,he has worked as an apprentice in a law firm,a record clerk and a court recorder.At the age of 20,he began to work as a newspaper interviewer,covering the House of Commons.In 1837,he completed his first novel,Pickwicks Biography,which was the first realistic novel creation.Later,his creative ability became more and more mature.He published Orphans of Twist(1838),Antique Shop(1841),Dombey and Son(1848),David Copperfield(1850),Hard Times(1854),Two Cities(1859),Far Away.Great Expectations(1861),etc.2,died on June 9,1870 at Gates Villa near Rochester.,Features of Dickens Novels,Sharp social criticism.Gentle humanitarian.vivid outward portrayalHumorous and Pungent,The examples of his humorous and pungent irony,His skin is not healthy,the lack of a natural pigment,if he was cut,perhaps even the flow of blood is white.-hard times 他的皮肤是不健康的，缺少了自然的色素，如果他被刀割了以后，可能连流出来的血也是白的。He doesnt have much hair,you probably thought it was because he talked too much and makes hair turn away,leaving it a bit disorganized and pricked up,also because of his strong wind wafted,put them into the same.-hard times 他没有多少头发，你可能以为是由于他谈话谈得太多而把头发谈掉了，剩下来的那一点儿杂乱无章地竖了起来，也是由于他那大风似的吹劲儿，把它们吹成那个样子的。,Early period(1836-45):,Gentle social criticismFantastic optimismNovela picaresqueExaggeration,His representative works of that time,The Pickwick Papers 匹克威克外传（1837）Oliver Twist 奥利佛忒斯特(又名雾都孤儿)（1838）The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店（1839）Nicholas Nickleby 尼古拉斯尼科尔贝（1841）,The middle period(1846-57):,He criticise bourgeois and their moralityGentle MoralismThe plot and structure are more complete unifiedHumor and satire,His representative works of that time,American Notes 美国札记（1842）Martin Chuzzlewit 马丁瞿述伟（1843）Dombey and Son 董贝父子（1848）David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔（1852）,The later period(1858-70):,Humor and satire Social CriticismGentle Reformism and Strong humanitarianExploration of mans inner conflicts Symbolism,His representative works of that time,Bleak House 荒凉山庄（1853）Hard Times 艰难时世（1854）Little Dorrit 小杜丽（1857）A Tale of Two Cities 双城记（1859）Great Expectations 远大前程（1861）Our Mutual Friend 我们共同的朋友（1865）,Thats all.Thank you.,雾都孤儿,小说的主人公奥利弗崔斯特，是一名生在济贫院的孤儿，忍饥挨饿，备受欺凌，由于不堪棺材店老板娘、教区执事邦布尔夫等人的虐待而独自逃往伦敦，可刚一到达就受骗误入贼窟。窃贼团伙的首领费金费尽千方百计，企图把奥利弗训练为扒手供他驱使。Oliver Trist,the hero of the novel,is an orphan born in a poor-house.He suffers from hunger,hunger and bullying because he cant bear to be taught by the owner of a coffin shop.The District deacon Bumblef and others fled to London alone after abuse,but they were deceived into the burglary as soon as they arrived.Fagin,the leader of the Thievesgang,tried every means to train Oliver as a pickpocket to drive him.,奥利弗跟随窃贼伙伴“机灵鬼”和贝茨上街时，被误认为他偷了一位叫布朗洛的绅士（恰巧是他父亲生前的好友）的手绢而被警察逮捕。后因书摊老板证明了他的无辜，说明小偷另有其人，他才被释放。由于他当时病重昏迷，且容貌酷似友人生前留下的一副少妇画像，布朗洛收留他在家中治病，得到布朗洛及其女管家比德温太太无微不至的关怀，第一次感受到人间的温暖。窃贼团伙害怕奥利弗会泄露团伙的秘密，在费金指示下，塞克斯和南希费尽心机，趁奥利弗外出替布朗洛归还书摊老板的图书的时候用计使他重新陷入了贼窟。但当费金试图惩罚毒打奥利弗的时候，南希挺身而出保护了奥利弗。费金用威胁、利诱、灌输等手段企图迫使奥利弗成为一名窃贼，成为费金的摇钱树。When Oliver followed his fellow thieves,Smart Ghost,and Bates into the street,he was mistaken for stealing a handkerchief from a gentleman named Brownlow,who happened to be his fathers best friend,and arrested by the police.Later,he was released because the bookstall owner proved his innocence,indicating that the thief had someone else.Because he was seriously ill and comatose,and looked like a portrait of a young woman left behind by his friends life,Brownlow took him in for treatment at home,and received the meticulous care of Brownlow and his housekeeper,Mrs.Bidwin,and felt the warmth of the world for the first time.Fearing that Oliver would reveal the gangs secrets,Sex and Nancy,under Fagins instructions,tried their best to get Oliver back into the den while he was out returning Brownlows book to the bookstall owner.But when Fagin tried to punish Oliver for beating him up,Nancy came forward to protect Oliver.Fagin tried to force Oliver to become a burglar and a cash cow by means of threats,lures and indoctrination.,一天黑夜，奥利弗在塞克斯的胁迫下参加对一座大宅院的行窃。正当奥利弗准备趁爬进窗户的机会向主人报告时，被管家发现后开枪打伤。窃贼仓惶逃跑时，把奥利弗丢弃在路旁水沟之中。奥利弗在雨雪之中带伤爬行，无意中又回道那家宅院，昏到在门口。好心的主人梅丽夫人及其养女罗斯小姐收留并庇护了他。无巧不成书，这位罗斯小姐正是奥利弗的姨妈，但双方都不知道。在梅丽夫人家，奥利弗真正享受到了人生的温馨和美好。但费金团伙却不能放过奥利弗。有一天一个名叫蒙克斯的人来找费金，这人是奥利弗的同父异母兄长，由于他的不孝，他父亲在遗嘱中将全部遗产给了奥利弗，除非奥利弗和蒙克斯是一样的不孝儿女，遗产才可由蒙克斯继承。为此蒙克斯出高价买通费金，要他使奥利弗变成不可救药的罪犯，以便霸占奥利弗名下的全部遗产，并发泄自己对已去世的父亲的怨恨。正当蒙克斯得意洋洋的谈到他如何和邦布尔夫夫妇狼狈为奸，毁灭了能证明奥利弗身份的唯一证据的时候，被南希听见。南希见义勇为，同情奥利弗的遭遇，冒生命危险，偷偷找到罗斯小姐，向她报告了这一切。One night,Oliver was coerced by Sex to take part in the theft of a large house.When Oliver was ready to report to his master by climbing into the window,he was found by the housekeeper and shot.When the burglar fled in a panic,he left Oliver in the ditch by the road.Oliver crawled injured in the rain and snow,accidentally returned to the house and fainted at the door.Mrs.Merry,the kind owner,and Miss Ross,her adoptive daughter,took him in and sheltered him.As luck would have it,Miss Ross was Olivers aunt,but neither of them knew.At Mrs.Merrys house,Oliver really enjoyed the warmth and beauty of life.But the Fagin gang cant let Oliver go.One day a man named Monks came to Fagin,who was Olivers half-brother.Because of his unfilial piety,his father gave Oliver all his inheritance in his will.Unless Oliver and Monks were the same unfilial children,the inheritance could be inherited by Monks.For this reason,Monks paid a high fee to turn Oliver into an incurable criminal so that he could seize all Olivers inheritance and vent his resentment towards his deceased father.Just as Monks talked triumphantly about how he had collaborated with the Bumbles and destroyed the only evidence to prove Olivers identity,Nancy heard him.Nancy acted bravely,sympathized with Olivers sufferings,risked her life,sneaked up Miss Ross and reported all this to her.,正当罗斯小姐考虑如何行动时，奥利弗告诉她，他找到了布朗洛先生。罗斯小姐就和布朗洛商议了处理方法。罗斯小姐在布朗洛陪同下再次和南希会面时，布朗洛获知蒙克斯即他的已故好友埃得温利弗得的不孝儿子，决定亲自找蒙克斯交涉，但他们的谈话被费金派出的密探听见。塞克斯就凶残的杀害了南希。南希之死使费金团伙遭到了灭顶之灾。费金被捕，后上了绞刑架，塞克斯在逃窜中失足被自己的绳子勒死。与此同时，蒙克斯被布朗洛挟持到家中，逼他供出了一切，事情真相大白，奥利弗被布朗洛收为养子，从此结束了他的苦难的童年。为了给蒙克斯自新的机会，把本应全归奥利弗继承的遗产分一半给他。但蒙克斯劣性不改，把家产挥霍殆尽，继续作恶，终被锒铛入狱，死在狱中。邦布尔夫恶有恶报，被革去一切职务，一贫如洗，在他们曾经作威作福的济贫院度过余生。While Miss Ross was thinking about how to act,Oliver told her that he had found Mr.Brownlow.Miss Ross and Brownlow discussed the treatment.When Miss Ross met Nancy again,accompanied by Brownlow,Brownlow learned that Monks,the unfilial son of his late friend Edwin Liver,had decided to talk to him personally,but their conversation was heard by an agent sent by Fagin.Sex murdered Nancy brutally.Nancys death brought the Fagin Gang to its knees.Fagin was arrested and hanged.Sex slipped and was strangled by his own rope.Meanwhile,Monks was taken home by Brownlow and forced to confess everything.The truth was clear.Oliver was adopted by Brownlow as an adoptive son,thus ending his miserable childhood.In order to give Monks a chance to renew himself,he was given half of Olivers inheritance.But Monks did not change his bad character,squandered his family property,continued to do evil,and was finally imprisoned and died in prison.Bumblefu was rewarded with evil,removed from all his posts,impoverished,and spent the rest of his life in the almshouse where they once dominated.,