Android与服务器端数据交互(基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice)_.docx
Android与服务器端数据交互(基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice) 上一节中我们通过http协议,采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据,那么什么是webService呢?,它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准,通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台,不同语言,不同技术整合到一起。 我们在PC机器java客户端中,需要一些库,比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService,但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端,做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库,可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用,当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了,那么我们就开始吧:首先下载KSOAP包:ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包然后新建android项目:并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下:右键->build path->configure build path-选择Libraries,如图:以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法:第一:实例化SoapObject 对象,指定webService的命名空间(从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间),以及调用方法名称。如:View Code /命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http:/WebX /调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"/实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);第二步:假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");第三步:设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号,与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):View Code /获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request;第四步:注册Envelope,(new MarshalBase64().register(envelope);第五步:构建传输对象,并指明WSDL文档URL:View Code /请求URL private static final String serviceURL="/Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true;第六步:调用WebService(其中参数为1:命名空间+方法名称,2:Envelope对象):View Code transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);第七步:解析返回数据:View Code if(envelope.getResponse()!=null) return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString(); /* * 解析XML * param str * return */ private static List<String> parse(String str) String temp; List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>(); if(str!=null && str.length()>0) int start=str.indexOf("string"); int end=str.lastIndexOf(""); temp=str.substring(start, end-3); String test=temp.split(""); for(int i=0;i<test.length;i+) if(i=0) temp=testi.substring(7); else temp=testi.substring(8); int index=temp.indexOf(","); list.add(temp.substring(0, index); return list; 这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧,这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的,我这里只提供获取城市列表:View Code /命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http:/WebX /请求URL private static final String serviceURL=" /调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity" /调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName" /调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince" 然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址(WSDL):serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法: 我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧:getSupportProvice,然后调用,你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档:View Code <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http:/www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http:/www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http:/WebX <string>直辖市</string> <string>特别行政区</string> <string>黑龙江</string> <string>吉林</string> <string>辽宁</string> <string>内蒙古</string> <string>河北</string> <string>河南</string> <string>山东</string> <string>山西</string> <string>江苏</string> <string>安徽</string> <string>陕西</string> <string>宁夏</string> <string>甘肃</string> <string>青海</string> <string>湖北</string> <string>湖南</string> <string>浙江</string> <string>江西</string> <string>福建</string> <string>贵州</string> <string>四川</string> <string>广东</string> <string>广西</string> <string>云南</string> <string>海南</string> <string>新疆</string> <string>西藏</string> <string>台湾</string> <string>亚洲</string> <string>欧洲</string> <string>非洲</string> <string>北美洲</string> <string>南美洲</string> <string>大洋洲</string> </ArrayOfString>我们可以用 listview来显示:那么下面我将给出全部代码:View Code public class WebServiceHelper /WSDL文档中的命名空间 private static final String targetNameSpace="http:/WebX /WSDL文档中的URL private static final String WSDL=" /需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince" /需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合:带参数) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity" /根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数 private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName" /* * 获得州,国内外省份和城市信息 * return */ public List<String> getProvince() List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>(); String str="" SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince); /request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值(根据具体需要可选可不选) SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);/envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); /或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); /下面对结果进行解析,结构类似json对象 /str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for(int index=0;index<count;index+) provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString(); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); catch (XmlPullParserException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); return provinces; /* * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合 * param province * return */ public List<String> getCitys(String province) List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>(); SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity); soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); try httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for(int index=0;index<count;index+) citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString(); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); catch (XmlPullParserException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); return citys; /* * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息 * param city * return */ public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city) WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean(); SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName); soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);/调用的方法参数与参数值(根据具体需要可选可不选) SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);/envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); /或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); /下面对结果进行解析,结构类似json对象 bean=parserWeather(result); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); catch (XmlPullParserException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); return bean; /* * 解析返回的结果 * param soapObject */ protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject) WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean(); List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); /城市名 bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString(); /城市简介 bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString(); /天气实况+建议 bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString(); /其他数据 /日期, String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString(); /- String weatherToday="今天:" + date.split(" ")0; weatherToday+="n天气:"+ date.split(" ")1; weatherToday+="n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString(); weatherToday+="n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString(); weatherToday+="n" List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString(); map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); /- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString(); String weatherTomorrow="明天:" + date.split(" ")0; weatherTomorrow+="n天气:"+ date.split(" ")1; weatherTomorrow+="n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString(); weatherTomorrow+="n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString(); weatherTomorrow+="n" icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString(); map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); /- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString(); String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天:" + date.split(" ")0; weatherAfterTomorrow+="n天气:"+ date.split(" ")1; weatherAfterTomorrow+="n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+="n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+="n" icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString(); map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); /- bean.setList(list); return bean; /解析图标字符串 private int parseIcon(String data) / 0.gif,返回名称0, int resID=32; String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim(); / String icon=data.split("."); / String result=icon0.trim(); / Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim(); if(!result.equals("nothing") resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim(); return resID; /return ("a_"+data).split(".")0; 以及帮助类:View Code public class WebServiceUtil /命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http:/WebX /请求URL private static final String serviceURL=" /调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity" /调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName" /调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince" /* * return城市列表 */ public static List<String> getCityList() /实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity); /获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; (new MarshalBase64().register(envelope); /Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true; /调用 try transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); if(envelope.getResponse()!=null) return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString(); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); catch (XmlPullParserException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); return null; public static List<String> getProviceList() /实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince); /获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; (new MarshalBas