初中英语外研九年级上册Module10定语从句专讲课件.ppt
定语从句专讲,1.定语 句子中修饰名词，代词或其它名词化的词。eg. an English book a young Chinese writer the boy in the classroom a girl called Alice the woman wearing a red coat something to eat I know the boy whose father is a doctor.,形容词,形容词,介词短语,过去分词短语,现在分词短语,动词不定式短语,句子,1,定语从句专讲1.定语 形容词 形容词介词短语过去分词短语现在,Eg. The object _(place) in the box is a fan _(make) of feathers. object 物体 feather 羽毛,placed,made,2,Eg.placedmade2,从上述例子可以 看出：,1. 定语可以是 ，也可以是2. 定语的位置， ， 3. 若是 充当定语，就叫 。,单词,短语,句子。,可以在所修饰的单词前,也可以在单词后,句子,定语从句,前,后,3,从上述例子可以 看出：1. 定语可以是,1.定语从句的结构,I have some photos that I took in Australia last year. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。The horse that I rode was lazy. 我骑的那匹马很懒。Hes the boy who won the photo competition last year. 他就是去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男孩。A group of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England has won the prize for the subject Home and away. 一组展示北京和英国剑桥的照片赢得了“故土 与他乡”这一主题的奖项。,4,1.定语从句的结构I have some photos th,The horse that I rode was lazy.Hes the boy who won the photo competition last year. A group of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England has won the prize for the subject Home and away.,从上述几句可以看出定语从句的结构是： + +,先行词,引导词,从句,5,The horse that I rode was lazy,从上述几句可以看出定语从句的结构是： 先行词+引导词+从句,名词，代词，或相似于名，代的词,先行词指人用who /that ,先行词指物用which/that,6,从上述几句可以看出定语从句的结构是： 名词，代词，或相似于名,引导词, 有关系代词和关系副词两种，放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用, 同时在定语从句中充当句子成分。关系代词有who(人-主格), whom(人-宾格), whose(人-所有格), which(物), that(人/物)。关系副词有where(地点), when(时间), why(原因)。所有的关系代词和副词都译成“ ”,2.定语从句的引导词,的,Eg .,7,引导词, 有关系代词和关系副词两种，放在先行词及定语从句之间,The man who lives next to us is a teacher. You must do everything that I do. We will never forget the day when we visited our headmaster.,先行词,( ),定 语 从 句,先行词,( ),定语从句,先行词,( ),定语从句,人,物,时间,8,The man who lives next to us,3.引导词在从句中的成分 先行词在从句中要充当一个句子成分， 引导词在句中代替先行词充当成分，先行词是主语，引导词就作主语，先行词是宾词，引导词就是宾词。Eg . Jim likes the car.（宾语） The car was bought for him by his father last year.（主语） Jim likes the car that was bought for him by his father last year.,主句,从句,主语,9,3.引导词在从句中的成分主句从,A group of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England has won the prize.,Attributive clause,引导词在从句中作主语,先行词是物,which,引导的定语从句,10,A group of photos which sho,The photo which we liked best in the City and People group was taken by Zhao Min.,Attributive clause,先行词是物,引导词在从句中作宾语,11,The photo which we liked be,由此，我们可以看出：which引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命的东西。which在从句中的成分是可以作主语，也可以作宾语。,12,由此，我们可以看出：12,Hes the boy who won the photo competition last year!,下面我们再看一个句子：,Attributive clause,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,引导的定语从句,who,13,Hes the boy who won the ph,I know the boy who I met in the street yesterday.,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作宾语,Attributive clause,14,I know the boy who I met in th,由此，我们可以看出：如果先行词是人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以是who/whom。,例如： Do you know Mr Zhang who(m) they like very much?,注意：当who在从句中作宾语时，在现代语法规则简化为大多数情况下都可用who了。,15,由此，我们可以看出： 例如：注意：当who在从句中作宾语,定语从句中引导词的省略,不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物，如果引导词在从句中作宾语，通常就可以省略。例如：,Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month?那是你上个月买的车吗？A friend is a person (who/whom) you know very well and like. 朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。,作宾语,作宾语,16,定语从句中引导词的省略不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物，如果引导,若引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略，否则会造成结构混乱。,Id love to have parents who understands me.我希望父母理解我。He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting.他通常能把枯燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。,作主语,作主语,注意：在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往被省略，但在正式文体中常常被保留。,17,若引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略，否则会造成结构混乱。I,在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情况下that和which都可以通用, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something that you can borrow.,1.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,4.只用that 的情况,18,在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情I am sure she,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,2. 先行词被all, little, much, every, no 等修饰时。,3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is the first book that he has read.,19,Ive read all the books that a,This is the very book that belongs to him.,4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same,the last修饰时。,5. 先行词为人和物的组合。,They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,20,This is the very book that bel,Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?,6. 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which, 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which，而用that。,21,Which of the books that you bo,1. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. the thing B. that C. what D. which 【解析】 先行词是不定代词all, 其限定性定语从句应由关系代词that引导, 在该定语从句中充当主语。,B,及时练,22,1. All _ is needed is a sup,2. The student _ won the first prize is the monitor who works hard.A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 【解析】 指人时有时只用who不宜用that。但是一个句子中带有两个定语从句, 其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who, 以免重复。,B,23,2. The student _ won the f,改写定语从句的方法 Jim likes the car.（宾语） The car was bought for him by his father last year.（主语） Jim likes the car that was bought for him by his father last year.,主句,从句,24,改写定语从句的方法主句从句24,
