初中英语人教八年级下册unit10语法(共35张)课件.pptx

Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.Section A Grammar Focus-4c,1,2022/12/30,Unit 1012022/9/27,Learning aims:,1.复习已学的现在完成时。2.现在完成时的“未完成”用法。3.掌握延续性动词与非延续性动词。4.一般过去式与现在完成时的用法比较。,2,2022/12/30,Learning aims:1.复习已学的现在完成时。220,现在完成时： 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。,结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词,一般疑问句： have / has ? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.,Revision,3,2022/12/30,现在完成时：结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的,现在完成时动词构成:have /has + v 过去分词,助动词,否定,haventhasnt,疑问,Have you?Has he?,常与下列时间状语连用：just , already, yet,ever, never, before, several times,4,2022/12/30,现在完成时动词构成:助动词否定havent疑问Have,Revision,5,2022/12/30,用法例句have/has been to强调“去过”某地，人,常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不) I have never seen him .before(以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来) Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的)recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止),6,2022/12/30,常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:62022/9/27,Grammar Focus,7,2022/12/30,How long have you had that bik,表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。此时常与如“for +时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”连用。谓语动词用延续性动词，可以用how long提问。 I havent seen her for many years. 很多年我都没有见过她了。 Ivelivedheresince2008 自从2008年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenherfortwoyears. 我两年没有看见她了。,（1）现在完成时的“未完成”用法,8,2022/12/30,表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。,for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）for后须接“时间段” He has studied English for five years.他学英语5年了。（2）since后须接“时间点” He has studied English since 1999.他从1999年开始学英语。（3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago He has been here for five weeks. = He has been here since five weeks ago. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了。,9,2022/12/30,for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：9202,since能引导时间状语从句(主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时)， 而for则不能。如：He has taught here since he came to China.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We have been friends since we met in school.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。（5）现在完成时常用句型： It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句It is four days since last Friday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。,10,2022/12/30,since能引导时间状语从句(主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时,选择for或since填空： I have been here _five months ago.2. He has been a soldier _ about two months.3. Great changes have taken place _ you left.4. His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5. I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6. It is two years _ I became a teacher.,since,for,since,for,since,since,11,2022/12/30,选择for或since填空：sinceforsincefor,（2）延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义,1. 延续性动词的定义：延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，表示经过、经历。2. 非延续性动词的定义：被称之为终止性动词、瞬间动词，不能延续，表示行为的结果，这种动作发生后就立即结束。,例如：learn/work/stand/know/watch/sleep例如：open/close/die/finish/come/move/buy,12,2022/12/30,（2）延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义1. 延续性动词的定义：,非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for或since引出的（或句子）连用。但在否定句中可以，因为一个非延续性动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。,我很久没见到他了。I havent seen him for a long time.他有一段时间没来了。He hasnt come here for some time.,13,2022/12/30,非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for或since,1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow buy put on catch a cold get to know get to sleep ,非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换,have/has kept,keep,have,have/has had,wear,have/has worn,have a cold,have/has had a cold,know,have/has known,sleep,have/has slept,14,2022/12/30,1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。非延续性动词和,2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin / start go out close open get to/arrive/reach die leave marry ,be on,have/has been on,be out,have/has been out,be closed,have/has been closed,be open,have/has been open,be in/at,have/has been in/at,be dead,have/has been dead,be away,have/has been away,be married,have/has been married,15,2022/12/30,2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”be,finish/stop fall sleep join become make friends come/go ,be over,have/has been over,be asleep,have/has been asleep,be in/be a member of,have/has been in,have/has been in a member of,be friends,have/has been,be,have/has been friends,be in/at,have/has been in/at,16,2022/12/30,finish/stop be overhave/has b,Fill in the blanks.1. His father _ (die) in 1992. His father _ (be dead) for many years.2. He _ (leave) the army because of a leg wound. He _ (be away from) the army for seven years because of a leg wound.3. He _ (come) to Beijing in 2003. He _ (be in) Beijing since 2003.,died,has been dead,left,has been away from,came,has been in,17,2022/12/30,Fill in the blanks.diedhas bee,一般过去时表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。I borrowed the book last week.（我上周借了这本书）现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。Jill has bought a new computer.(着重Jill现在有了一台新电脑),（3）一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较,18,2022/12/30,一般过去时表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。,注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语连用。,如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in,如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately,如：today, this morning, this week, this year,19,2022/12/30,注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语连用，如: yes,Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. _2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago._,4a. Rewrite the sentences using for or since.,Jim has been in Japan for three days.,They are very hungry because they havent had their meal for ten hours.,20,2022/12/30,Jim is in Japan. He arrived t,3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. _4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago. _5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday. _,I have had a camera since 2009.,I have known Anna for three years.,Linda has been ill since Monday.,21,2022/12/30,3. I have a camera. I bought i,1. I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They_(never own) any pets, but they _(always want) to have a dog.3. We_ (have) a piano since last November. We _(buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.,4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,have never been,go,have never owned,always want,have had,bought,22,2022/12/30,1. I _ (never be),4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.,havent been,miss,has been,is,hometown (n.) 家乡；故乡 【构词】home hometown (合成词)e.g. I love my hometown. Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.,23,2022/12/30,4. Cathy and Amy _,4c. Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.,Do you have a(n)_? How long have you had it?2.Do you own a(n)_? How long have you owned it?,24,2022/12/30,4c. Fill in the questions and,.单项选择1.MybestfriendTomis_honestboy.You canbelieveinhim. A.an B.a C.the D./2.I_wait for you. It is too late and I must go home now. A.any more B. any longer C.no time D.no longer,A,D,25,2022/12/30,.单项选择AD252022/9/27,3.Nickhasdonehishomework_twohours.A.for B.sinceC.after D.before4.Illlendyoumynewbook,butyoucanonly_itfortwodays.A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.bring,A,B,26,2022/12/30,3.Nickhasdonehishomework_,5. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 6. Ten years has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.A. when B. while C. before D. since,D,D,27,2022/12/30,5. She _ this book for,7. When _ you _ the new bike? I _ it for 2 days. A. did, have; bought B. did, buy; have had C. did, buy; have bought,28,2022/12/30,7. When _ you _,8. The TV program Voice of Youth is really great. I think so. It _ the hearts of lots of fans since it started. A. lose and touch B. won and touched C. has won and touched D. has lost and hit9. My grandparents _ in that city since 2008. A. will live B. live C. have lived D. were living,29,2022/12/30,8. The TV program Voice of Yo,1. Is that a new coat? No. I _ it for a long time. A. bought B. have bought C. have had2. Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch Sohedoes.They_thehometownfornearlytwoyears. A. haveleftB. willleaveC. havebeenawayfrom3. Itsnicetoseeyouagain.We_eachothersince2014 A. wontseeB. haventseeC. didntseen4. _ you ever _ the history museum, Paul? No, I havent. A. Do; visit B. Did; visit C. Have; visited,C,C,B,C,30,2022/12/30,1. Is that a new coat?CCBC302,for or since1.JimhasbeeninIreland_Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland_threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_7oclock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.,since,for,for,since,since,31,2022/12/30,for or sincesinceforforsince,（2019 四川眉山） Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it? In October. I it for two months. A. had B. bought C. have had D. have bought,C,32,2022/12/30,（2019 四川眉山） C322022/9/27,U9 S -,（2019淮安） Where are the teachers now? In the meeting room. They _ the meeting for 10 minutes. A. have begun B. have been on C. have had D. have been held,C,33,2022/12/30,U9 S - （2019淮安）C332022/9/27,Summary,1.复习已学的现在完成时。2.现在完成时的“未完成”用法。3.掌握延续性动词与非延续性动词。4.一般过去式与现在完成时的用法比较。,34,2022/12/30,Summary1.复习已学的现在完成时。342022/9/2,1. 整理笔记2. 课时练121、122页3. 预习B1部分,35,2022/12/30,1. 整理笔记352022/9/27,