印度尼西亚民法典.docx

印度尼西亚民法典IndonesianCivilCodePage1IndonesianCivilCode(PromulgatedbypublicationofApril391847S.NO.23)Bookone-IndividualContentsChapter I -ConcerningtheenjoymentandthelossofcivilrightsChapter II -ConcerningassetsandthedistinctionsbetweenthemChapter III -ConcerningresidenceordomicileChapter IV -ConcerningmatrimonyChapter V -ConcerningtherightsandobligationofthespousesChapter VI -ConcerninglegalcommunitypropertyandmanagementthereofChapter VII -ConcerningprenuptialagreementsChapter VIII -ConcerningcommunitypropertyorprenuptialagreementsintheeventofsecondorfurthermarriagesChapter IX -ConcerningthedivisionofassetsChapter X -ConcerningthedissolutionofmarriageChapter XI -ConcerningseparationfrombedandboardChapter XII -ConcerningfatherhoodandthedescentofchildrenChapter XIII -ConcerningtherelationshipbybloodandmarriageChapter XIV -ConcerningparentalauthorityChapterXIVA-Concerningthestipulation,amendmentandrevocationofsupportpaymentsChapter XV -ConcerningminorityandguardianshipChapter XVI -ConcerningemancipationChapter XVII -ConcerningconservatorshipChapter XVIII -ConcerningabsenceChapter IConcerningtheenjoymentandthelossofcivilrightsExtraordinaryRegulationsThiscompilationcontainsseveralordinancessetoutinchronologicalorderwhichcontainprovisionsnecessitatedbytheextraordinarycircumstanceswhichprovisionsdeviateinpartfromexistinglegalregulationsinteraliatheCivilCodeandtheCivilRegistry.IntheDutchCivilCodepursuanttothelawofJuly10z1947,N.S.No.H232seealso1948No.I343theprovisionspertainingtochildren'slawareamended,withtheresultthattheDutcharticlesreferredtointhemarginarenolongerconsistentinmostcaseswiththetextprintednexttothem.WherethenewDutchtextdeviatessubstantiallyfromanarticleoftheDutchCivilCode,sucharticlewillbereferredtoasOldArticleinthemargin.PursuanttotheordinanceinS31-168seealso423pertainingtothedistributionOfassignmentsbetweentheEuropeanandIndonesianGovernmentinthegovernmentareaofJavaandMadurazregardingtheareareferredtointheCivilCode,unlessotherwiseprovided,thewords"assistantresident"and"resortoftheassistantresident"shallbereadas"headofthelocalgovernment"and"department".Article 1. Theenjoymentofcivilrightsisindependentfromthestate'srights.(Civ.7)IndonesianCivilCodePage2Article 2. Thecircumstancesineachcaseshalldeterminewhenachildshallbedeemedtobeborn.Intheeventthatachildisstillborn,itshallbedeemedtohaveneverexisted.(Civ.725z906;G.16;Bw.348,489,758,836,899z1679)Article 3. Nopunishmentshallresultinacivildeathorthelossofallcivilrights.(G.167;ISR.144;Civ.22v.)Chapter IIConcerningthedeedsofthecivilregistrySection1ConcerningtheregistersofthecivilregistryingeneralArticle4.(AmendedbyS.16-38seealso17-18;07-205art.3seealso19-816;37-595)Withoutprejudicetothestipulationsofarticle10ofthegeneralregulationsoflegalprovisionsforIndonesia,throughoutIndonesiathereareforEuropeans,registersOfbirthsznotificationsmarriages,consenttomarriages,ofmarriagesanddivorces,andnotificationofdeaths.(Bw.5;BS.1)Theofficialstowhomthekeepingoftheregistersisassigned,shallbereferredtoas"officialsofthecivilregistry".Article5.AfterhavingheardtheSupremeCourt,pursuanttoaseparateregulation,basedupontheDutchlegalrequirementspertainingtotheCivilRegistry,theGovernorGeneralshallstipulatethelocations,theindividuals,themannerinwhichregistersarekept,theassortmentofdeeds,andwhichformatshouldbetakenintoconsideration.Thisregulationshallalsosetforththepunishmentsconsequentuponviolationsbytheofficialsofthecivilregistry,onlytotheextentthatithasorhasnotbeenprovidedforinthelegalprovisionsofthePenalCode.(Sw.436,556v;seeregulationsBS.Europeans,Chinese,IndonesiansandChristianIndonesians)Section2ConcerningnamesandchangesoffirstandlastnamesArticle5a.(SupplementedbyS.37-595)Legitimateandillegitimatechildrenacknowledgedbythefathershallcarrythefamilynameofthefather;illegitimatechildrennotacknowledgedbythefathershallcarrythefamilynameofthemother.(Bw.250v.z255,256v.z261,272v.z280,283v.,306;BS.41)Article6.Anindividualshallnotchangehisfamilyname,oraddanothername,withoutapprovalfromtheGovernorGeneral.(BS.28z40;S.1824-13art.2;1837-11;67-168par.V;17-12lpg.384;Bb.977seealso10486,1246,2105,3995,4134z5102,6724,12482z13421)(SupplementedbyS.37-595)Anindividual,whosefamilyorfirstnamesarenotknown,maytakealastorfirstnamewiththeapprovaloftheGovernorGeneral.Article7.(AmendedbyS.37-595and41-370)Applicationsforsuchapprovalmaynotbeadmittedearlierthanfourmonthsafterthedateofpublicationofsameintheofficialnewspaper.(S.83-192art.3;Bb.7962seealso13421)Article8.(AmendedbyS.83-190)DuringtheperiodoffourmonthsreferredtoinArticle7,theinterestedpartiesmayopposeanapplicationforapprovalbyfilinganapplicationwiththeGovernorGeneralthereinstatingthereasonsforsuchopposition.(S.83-192art.3)Article9.(AmendedbyS.37-595)Thedecision,wherebyapprovalreferredtointhefirstparagraphofarticle6isgrantedshallbesubmittedtotheofficialofthecivilregistryattheplaceofbirthoftheapplicant.Thesaidofficialshallrecordthedecisioninthecurrentregistersandmakeanotethereofinthemarginofthebirthcertificate.(BS.26)(SupplementedbyS.37-595)Thedecisionwherebyapprovalreferredtointhesecondparagraphofarticle6isgrantedshallberecordedinthecurrentregistersofbirthsintheplaceofdomicileoftherelevantparty,andintheeventreferredtoinarticle43oftheregulationconcerningthekeepingofregistersoftheCivilRegistryforEuropeans,shallalsoberecordedinthemarginofthebirthcertificate.(SupplementedbyS.37-595)IntheeventthatapprovalIndonesianCivilCodePage3isdenied,asmentionedinthepreviousparagraph,theGovernorGeneralmayprovidetheinterestedpartywitha*8lastorfirstname.Thisdecisionshallbetreatedinaccordancewiththepreviousparagraph.Article10.(AmendedbyS.37-595)Theacquisitionofanameinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthefouraforementionedarticlesshallneverbesubmittedasevidenceofkinship.(Bw.262;S.83-192art.3)Article11.Anindividualmaynotchangehisfirstnameoraddtohisfirstname,withoutapprovalofthecourtathisplaceofdomicile,doneathisrequest,afterhavingheardtheprosecutioncounsel.(BS.40)Article12.Ifthecourtadmitsthechangeoradditionoffirstnames,thenthedecisionshallbesubmittedtotheofficialoftheCivilRegistryatthebirthplaceoftheapplicant.Thesaidofficialshallrecordthedecisioninthecurrentregisters,andshallmakenotethereofinthemarginofthebirthcertificate.(BS.26)Section3Concerningthecorrectionofthedeedsatthecivilregistry,andofthesupplementsthereto(S.1836-16)Article 13. Ifnoregistersexist,oriftheyhavebeenIostzfalsified,amended,tornzeliminated,obscuredordamagedifdeedsaremissing,orifdeviations,omissionsorothererrorshavetakenplaceintherecordeddeeds,thentheseshallprovidegroundsforthesupplementationormodificationoftheregisters.(BS.26v.z36;Bw.14,101;Civ.99;S.1854-40seeBS.67;Bb.214)Article 14. TherequestthereforshallonlybesubmittedtothecourtOfjusticezwithinwhoselegaljurisdictiontheregistersarelocatedorwouldhavebeenkept.Afterhavingheardtheprosecutioncounselprovidedthattheinterestedpartieshavegroundsforsuchrequestandprovidedthatthereisnofurtherappeal,thecourtOfjusticeshallissueadecision.(Rv.844v.;Civ.99)Article 15. Thisdecisionshallonlybeeffectivebetweentheparties,whohaveappealedforsuch,orwhohavebeensummonedforthisevent.(Bw.1917;Civ.100)Article 16. Alldecisionsforthemodificationorsupplementationofdeedswhicharelegallyenforceable,shallimmediatelyaftersubmission,berecordedbytheofficialoftheCivilRegistryinthecurrentregisters,andshallintheeventofmodification,berecordedinthemarginofthecorrecteddeed,inaccordancewiththelegalregulationsconcerningthekeepingoftheregistersoftheCivilRegistry.(BS.26;Rv.166;Civ.101)ChapterIIIConcerningresidenceordomicileArticle 17. Anindividualshallbedeemedtohavehisresidencewherehehasestablishedhisprincipalabode.(Civ.102)Intheabsenceofsuchresidence,theactuallocationofhisabodeshallbeconsideredassuch.(Rv.6-7,99;Pr.59,69-8)Article 18. Anindividual'schangeofresidenceshalltakeplacebymovingtheactualresidencetoanotherlocation,andbyexpressinghisintenttoestablishhisprincipalabodethere.(Bw,19,53v.;Civ.103;Bb.960)Article 19. Suchintentshallbeprovenbyastatementsubmittedtotheheadofthegovernment(assistantresident)atthelocationfromwhichtheindividualdeparts,aswellasatthelocationtowhichtheresidenceismoved.(Bb.379;Sw.515;S.19-573seealso31-373,423)Intheabsenceofsuchstatement,proofofintentshallbededucedfromthecircumstances.(Civ.l04v.)Article 20. Individualssummonedforpublicservice,shallbedeemedtohavetheirresidencewheretheycarryoutsuchservice.(RO.21;Rv.99;Civ.106)IndonesianCivilCodePage4Article21.(AmendedbyS.27-31seealso390,421)Amarriedwoman,whoisnotseparatedfrombedandboard,shallnothaveanyresidenceOtherthanthatofherhusband;minorsshallfollowtheresidenceoftheirparentswhoexercisetheirparentalauthority,orthatoftheirguardians;adultszwhoareunderguardianship,shallfollowtheresidenceoftheirguardians.(Bw.106,207,211,242z298,301,383,452;Civ.108)Article22.(AmendedbyS.26-335seealso458,565and27-108)Laborers,shall,pursuanttowhatisstipulatedinthepreviousarticle,havetheirresidenceintheiremployers'residenceiftheyresidewiththem.(Bw,17-2z1601av;Civ.109)Article23.Thefuneralparlorinwhichadeceasedpersonislaidshallbeconsideredtobeatthesamelocationastheplaceofresidenceofthatdeceasedperson.(Bw.1023;Rv.7,99;Civ.110;Weesk.47)Article24.Partiesshallbeentitled,oroneofthepartiesshallbeentitled,pursuanttoadeed,andduetospecificcircumstancestochoosearesidenceotherthantheiractualone.*12Thechoicemaybegeneral,andshallextendeventotheexecutionorshallbelimitedinamannerasapprovedbythepartiesoroneofthem.Insuchevent,thewrits,summonsandwarrants,expressedorimpliedinthedeed,shallbeservedattheselectedplaceofresidenceandinthepresenceOfthejudgeofsuchlocation.(Bw.ll86z1194,1393z1405,1412;Rv.8,13,85,99,106v.,411z443,461,477,504,533,550,561,594,597,601z606,655,662,666,729z816,860etc.;Civ.Ill)Article25.Ifnoagreementtothecontraryhasbeenmade,anindividualmaychangehisselectedresidence,providedthatthenewresidenceisnotlocatedfurtherthantenpolesfromthepreviouslocation,andthatthecounterpartyshallbenotifiedofthechange.ChapterIVConcerningmatrimonyGeneralprovisionsAarticle26.Thelawshallonlyrecognizeamarriageinacivilrelationship.(Bw.81)Section1ConcerningthequalificationsandconditionsrequiredtoenterintoamarriageSeeTransitoryRegulationsrelevanttotheapplicationofthecivilchildren'slawS.27-31seealso390z421priortoCivilCode.Article 27. Atanyonetimeamanmayonlybeboundtoonewoman,andawomanboundtoonemaninamarriage.(Bw.60-4,62z63-2,65z70-4,83z86,93,95v.,493v.;Sw.279v.;Civ.147)Article 28. Toenterintoamarriage,thevoluntaryconsentoftheprospectivespousesshallberequired.(Bw.61-3,4,62,63-2,65,83,87v.,95v.z901;Civ,146)Article 29. Amanmaynotenterintomarriageuntilhehasreachedtheageofeighteenyearsandawomanmaynotenterintomarriageuntilshehasreachedtheageoffifteenyears.TheGovernorGeneralmay,however;forsignificantreasons,removethisprohibitionbygrantingadispensation.(Gw.71;ISR.43;Bw.61-4,62,63-2,65,83,89;BS.55,61;Bb.13416;Civ.l44v.;W.andB.II-283)Article30.MarriageshallbeprohibitedbetweenindividualswhoarerelatedIineallyzeitherbylegalorillegalbirthorduetomarriage;andbetweenbrotherandsister,legalorillegal.(Bw.61-4,62z63-2,65,83,90,93,95v.,98,290,295,297;Civ.161v.)Article31.Marriageshallalsobeprohibitedasfollows:IndonesianCivilCodePage51. (AmendedbyS.41-370)betweenbrother-in-lawandsister-in-law,legalorillegal,unlessthespousebyvirtueofwhomthesepersonsbecamerelatedasbrother-in-lawandsister-in-lawisdeceasedor,becauseofhisabsencethesurvivingspousehasbeenissuedapprovalbyajudgetoenterintoanothermarriage;2. betweenuncleorgreat-uncleandnieceorgreat-niecezalsobetweenauntorgreat-auntandnepheworgreat-nephew,legalorillegal.(Bb3122)TheGovernorGeneralmay,forsignificantreasons,removetheprohibitionsetforthinthisarticlebygrantingdispensation(Gw.71;ISR.43;Bw.29z61-4,62z63-2,65,83,90,93,95v.z98,295,297;Civ.162-164;Bb.3122f13416,*1613603)Article32.Anindividualwhohasbeenconvictedbylegaljudgmentofadultery,mayneverenterintomatrimonywiththeaccompliceinsuchadultery.(Bw.61-4,62,63-2z65,83z90,93,95v.z98,209;Civ.298)Article33.(AmendedbyS.23-31)Individualswhosemarriagehasbeendissolvedinaccordancewiththatwhichisstipulatedinarticle199z3or4,shallnotenterintomatrimonyforthesecondtimeuntiloneyearhaselapsedafterthedateonwhichthedissolutionoftheirpreviousmarriageisrecordedintheregistersoftheCivilRegistry.Afurthermarriagebetweenthesameindividualsisprohibited.(Bw.61-4,62,63-2,65,83,90,93,199,207v.,232az268,493;Civ.295)Article34.Awomanmaynotenterintoanewmarriageearlierthanthreehundreddaysfollowingthedissolutionofthepreviousmarriage.(Bw.61-4,62,63-2,64v.,71-4,83,99,252,494v.;Civ.228,296)Article35.(AmendedbyS.27-31seealso390z421)Approvaloftheparentsisrequiredforamarriagebetweenminorlegitimatechildren.Ifonlyoneoftheparentshasgrantedhisorherapprovalandtheotherparenthasbeendeprivedofhisorherparentalauthorityorguardianshipoverthechild,thenthecourtofjustice,withinWhosejurisdictionthechild'sresidenceislocated,shallbeauthorized,athisorherrequest,toextendapprovalforthemarriageafterhavingheard,orfollowingpropersummonsofthosewhoseapprovalisrequiredincludingnext-of-kinorrelativesbymarriage.Intheeventthatoneoftheparentsisdeceasedorisincapableofexpressinghisintent,thenonlytheapprovaloftheotherparentshallberequired.(Bw.37,40v.,49,61-1,71-2,5,83,91,151,299v.z330z424,458,901;BS.61-4;Civ.850)Article36.(AmendedbyS.27-31seealso390,421)InadditiontotheapprovalrequiredinaccordancewithArticle35above,whereminorlegitimatechildrenareundertheguardianshipofsomeoneotherthantheirfatherormotheapprovalofsuchguardianshallberequiredorifthemarriageistobeenteredintowiththeguardianoroneoftheguardian'sbloodrelativesinadirectline,approvalfromasupervisoryguardianshallberequired.Iftheguardianorsupervisoryguardianorthefatherormotherwhoseparentalorguardianshiprightshavebeenremovedrefusetogranttheirapprovalorfailtoexpresstheirwishes,thenthesecondparagraphoftheaforementionedarticleshallapplyzunlesstheparents,totheextentthattheirparentalorguardianshiprightshavenotbeenremoved,havegrantedtheirapproval.(Bw.42,49,62,71-2,5,83v.z91,151t424,901;BS.61-4;Civ.150)Article37.(AmendedbyS.27-31seealso390,421).Ifthe*17fatherandthemotherarebothdeceasedorareincapableofexpressingtheirintent,theneachofthemshallbereplacedbytheirparents,totheextentthattheyarestillaliveandarenotsimilarlyincapable.Ifsomebodyotherthantheaforementionedindividualsholdsguardianship,thentheminors,inthecircumstancesmentionedinthepreviousparagraph,shallstillrequiretheapprovaloftheguardianorsupervisingguardianinaccordancewiththedistinctionmadeinthepreviousarticle.Thesecondparagraphofarticle35shallapply,ifthosepersons,whoseapprovalisrequiredpursuanttothefirstorsecondparagraphofthisarticle,differinopinionorifoneormoredonotexpresstheiropinion.(Bw.49,62,71-2,5,83v.,91,151,424z497z901;BS61-4;Civ.150)Article38.(AmendedbyS.27-31seealso390,421)Ifthefather,mother,grandfatherandgrandmotherareabsent,oriftheyareincapableofexpressingtheirwishes,thenthelegitimatechildren,totheextentthattheyarestillminors,maynotenterintomatrimony,withouttheapprovalofIndonesianCivilCodePage6theirguardianandtheirsupervisinggua