一般现在时现在进行时和一般过去时和一般将来时态ppt课件.ppt

复习一般现在时 现在进行时 一般过去时一般将来时,一般现在时,它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.,一般现在时态中常用的时间状语,其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。,第一种含be动词的一般现在时态,I am a teacher. She is a student. She is Miss Li. She is friendly.We are 14 years old. She is young.含有be动词的句式变化要在be上做变化. E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isnt a good student. Is Danny a good student?,第二种含有行为动词的一般现在时态,其结构通常为，“主语+谓语+其它” 这种情况又分两种，分为1、主语不是第三人称单数的情况。、主语是第三人称单数的情况。,主语为非第三人称单数的情况,肯定结构主语行为动词其它否定结构主语dont+行为动词其它一般疑问句结构Do主语行为动词其它？They have lunch at 12:00. They dont have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?,主语为第三人称单数的情况,肯定结构主语行为动词(三人称单数)其它否定结构主语doesnt+行为动词（原形）其它一般疑问句结构Does主语行为动词（原形）其它？,Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnt speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well?,主语何时被看成第三人称单数：,、人称代词he she it 2 、单个人名，地名或称呼、可数名词单数或 this/that/the+单个可数名词、不定代词以及指示代词this that 5、 不可数名词做主语、当数字或字母做主语时，也看作第三人称单数,主单三，谓单三,、一般加ssit stand snow rain sleepStop book make find run 2、以s ,x ,sh, ch, o结尾的动词加es.如： wash watch finish guess do go 3 、辅音字母加y结尾的动词先变y为i再加es.如：study carry,谓语动词的三人称单数的变化规则,练习：写出下列动词的三单形式enjoy stay play stop run,have,S,s,s,s,s,has,are,is,现在进行时,1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。,其结构:be+现在分词.,肯定结构be+doing否定结构 be not +doing一般疑问句结构 Be +主语其它？其句式变换都在be上做文章。E.g. He is buying a bike. Is he buying a bike? He isnt buying a bike.,动词现在分词的变化规则,大多是动词原型+ingReading ,drinking, eating, meetingthinking特殊变化:1.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ingWriting, making2.重读闭音节要双写结尾的辅音字母加ingSitting swimming putting running,请写出下列动词的ing形式,注意play study swim chat begin eat prefer,playing,studying,swimming,chatting,beginning,eating,preferring,一般过去时,一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况 1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child, I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。 e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.,一般过去时态中常用的时间状语：1、yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 2、由“last+时间”构成的短语, e.g. last year; 3、由时间段+ago构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,其结构是主语+动词的过去式。,第一种含有be动词的I was 22 . We were good friends.She was young and beautiful.They were happy at the party.其句式变化含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980?,第二种含有行为动词的,肯定结构主语行为动词（过去式）其它否定结构主语didnt+行为动词（原形）其它一般疑问句结构Did主语行为动词（原形）其它？,动词的过去式,be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-worked; ask-asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-arrived; like-liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-shopped; stopped 4)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry-carried; study-studied.,有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly-flew; break-broke; teach-taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.练习：请写出下列动词的过去形式put cut read come go takeswim run begin do play enjoy stop,Play enjoy stop,put,cut,read,came,went,took,swam,ran,began,did,played,enjoyed,stopped,一般将来时态,构成 will+动词原形 和be going to+动词原形一般将来时I: will +动词原形的用法:表从现在看来将要发生的事或存在的状态。 肯定句：主语+ will+动词原形- There will be a computer on every desk in the future. 未来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑。It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。We will go to school on foot. 我们将步行去上学。,一般疑问句：Will+主语+ 动词原形- ？回答（Yes, sb will或 No, sb wont）Will there be a computer on every desk tomorrow? Yes, there will. / No, there wont.未来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑吗？是的，将有。 / 不，将没有。Will it rain tomorrow? Yes, it will. / No, it wont.明天将会下雨吗？是的, 将会。 / 不, 将不会。Will we go to school by bus tomorrow? Yes, we will. / No, we wont.明天我们将乘公交车去上学吗？ 是的，将会。 / 不，将不会。否定句：主语+ will not（wont）+动词原形There will not be a computer on every desk in the future. = There wont be a computer on every desk in the future.未来每个桌子上都将没有一台电脑It will not rain tomorrow. It tomorrow. 明天将不会下雨。We will not go to school by bus. We to school by bus. 我们将不乘公交车去上学。,特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？一般将来时II: is/am /are going to + 动词原形的用法。1、主要用来表示打算或计划要做某事, 主语是人。如：She is going to learn Japanese next year.There is going to be a football match tonight. Dad and I are going to see Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们要开会。Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。,2、有迹象要发生的事Its going to be a fine day tomorrow. 明天将会是个好天。Look at the sky, it is going to rain. 看天空，要下雨了。I think its going to snow. 我看快要下雪了。Im not well today. I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 我今天不舒服，恐怕我要感冒了。Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看看这些黑云，将有一场暴风雨注：be going to 中的be动词要随着句子主语的人称或数的变化而变化。一般将来时的一般疑问形式是: 把be (am, is, are)直接放于句首, some 改为any, and改为or, 第一二人称互换。简略答语中的动词要与主语保持一致。 I am not=Im not.,一般将来时的否定形式是: be (am, is, are) + not going to + 动词原形He is going to have a swim tomorrow. (改为否定句) He is not =(isnt) going to have a swim tomorrow.一般将来时态be going to+动词原形的特殊疑问句：1. 问人 Who? Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon?2. 问干什么 What do?My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?,3. 问什么时候 When?Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?4. 同义句: be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.在一般将来时中，常常会有表示将来的时间状语: tomorrow, next week, this afternoon等。语法总结：be going to, 跟“动原”, 计划、准备或打算;表可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。be 的形式要注意，它要随着人称变;否定句，很简单，not 加在 be 后面;疑问句，需牢记，be 应提到主语前,Thank you !,