game语法名词性从句ppt课件.ppt

Noun Clause,Joke 1 Beauty was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot of young men wanted to marry her. One day, one of the young men came to visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, No, John, I wont marry you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who can play music , sing and dance very well, who can tell interesting stories, who does not smoke or drink , who stays at home in the evenings and who stops talking when Im tired of listening. The young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, but before he left the house, he turned and said to Bertha, It isnt a man youre looking for. _”,Joke 2On a girls way home after watching a ballet performance, the kindergarten teacher asked her students what they thought of it. The smallest girl in the class said :”If one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.”Joke 3 A teacher asked asked one of his students: What is the longest and what is the shortest? The student answered immediately , while the last several minutes of an exam is the shortest.,Joke 4 A guy had stayed sadly in a bar for more than half an hour. Then, a truck driver stepped up next to him, took the drink from the guy, and drank it all down. The poor man started crying. The truck driver said, Come on man, I was just joking. Here, Ill buy you another drink. I just cant see a man crying. No, its not that. This day is the worst of my life. First, I was late getting to my office. My boss was pretty angry, and fired me. When I left the building to go to my car, I found out it was stolen. The police say they can do nothing. When I got home, I found my wife in bed with the gardener. I left home and came to this bar. And just when I was thinking about putting an end to my life, .,A.that the last several minutes of a class is the longestB.the worst is that you show up and drink my poisonC.my wish that the dancers can grow taller comes true D.what you want is a television set,Warming-up: Enjoy four pieces of joke and choose the suitable sentence to complete the joke.,原来那个女孩想嫁的是个电视机！,play music, sing and dance very well, who can tell interesting stories, who does not smoke or drink , who stays at home in the evenings and who stops talking when Im tired of listening. The young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, but before he left the house, he turned and said to Betty, It isnt a man youre looking for. _ .,Joke 1 Betty was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot of young men wanted to marry her.,One day, one of the young men came to visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, No, John, I wont marry you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who can,D.What you want is a television set,Joke 2 A teacher asked one of his students: What is the longest and what is the shortest? The student answered immediately _ while the last several minutes of an exam is the shortest.,A. that the last,several minutes of a class is the longest,Do you agree?,Joke 3 A guy had stayed sadly in a bar for more than half an hour. Then, a truck driver stepped up next to him, took the drink from the guy, and drank it all down.,Poison,The poor man started crying. The truck driver said, Come on man, I was just joking. Here, Ill buy you another drink. I just cant see a man crying. No, its not that. This day is the worst of my life. First, I was late getting to my office. My boss was pretty angry, and fired me. When I left the building to go to my car, I found out it was stolen. The police say they can do nothing. When I got home, I found my wife in bed with the gardener. I left home and came to this bar. And just when I was thinking about putting an end to my life, _.,B. the worst is that you,turn up and drink my poison,长高点，就不用踮着脚跳舞了,Joke 4 On a girls way home after watching a ballet (芭蕾舞） performance, the kindergarten teacher asked her students what they thought of it. The smallest girl in the class said :“If _one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.”,C.my wish that,the dancers can grow taller comes true,Joke1: What you want is a television set. Joke2: The student answered immediately that the last several minutes of a class is the longest while the last several minutes of an exam is the shortest.Joke3:And just when I was thinking about putting an end to my life, the worst is that you show up and drink my poison.Joke4: If my wish that the dancers can grow taller comes true one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.,What kind of clause are they?,Joke1: What you want is a television set. Joke2: The student answered immediately that the last several minutes of a class is the longest while the last several minutes of an exam is the shortest.Joke3:And just when I was thinking about putting an end to my life, the worst is that you show up and drink my poison.Joke4: If my wish that the dancers can grow taller comes true one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.,What kind of clause are they?,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,Noun clause,Noun Clauses(名词性从句),Subject Clause (主语从句),Appositive Clause（同位语从句）,Object Clause（宾语从句）,Predicative Clause（表语从句）,Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,同位语从句,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, if ,as if/as though,when, where, how, why,1. 主语从句,主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。,1)That she left him hurts him so much. 2)Whether it will please them is not easy to say.3) What we need is more practice.4)When we will begin the meeting is under discussion.,*that 只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。,*whether 是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）,*what 在从句中作主语,*When 在从句中作状语,*_(他是否要来)is not yet known.*_(他想告诉我们什么)is not clear.*_(谁会赢得这场比赛)is still unknown. *_(你错过了这次机会)is a pity. =It is _.,Exercise 1:,Whether he will come or not,What he wants to tell us,Who will win the match,That you missed the chance,a pity that you missed the chance,注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如:,1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like each other is natural. _,*it为形式主语,It is natural that they should like each other.,It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识*_(很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,2) It is + adj. +从句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明显 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显)this measure is effective.,+(should) +do,It is possible that,It is obvious that,3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起*_(刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.,It happened that,It occurred to me that,4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. 据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道 It is believed that.据信;人们相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建议It must be admitted that必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,宾语从句,We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I dont know where we will hold the meeting.(语序),1.I decided （that ）I would go to the party.2.I dont know if/whether he will come back tomorrow.3.I want to know how it happened.4. He was listening to what the teacher said.,宾语从句就是从句在主句中作宾语的名词性从句, 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。,2.宾语从句,1. _(我听说)he joined the army.2. _(我怀疑)he will succeed.3. Pay attention to _ (医生说些什么).4. Do you know_(他什么时候会来)?5. Did she say_(我们应该怎么做这个工作)?,Exercise 2:,I heard (that),I doubt whether/if,what the doctor said,when he will come,how we should do the work,Fill in the blanks with suitable conjunctions.,1. -Can you tell me _ the man is ? - He is my brother. 2. I didnt know _ he was coming until yesterday. 3. The doctor asks _ medicine you have taken.4. This is _ they solved the problems in the city.,who,when,what,how,5. What frightened us most was _ two lights suddenly appeared out of the darkness.6. My mother asked _ the matter was with me. 7. The reason I didnt come to the meeting was _ I got ill.,what,that,that,Do exercise 2 on page31 of Victor English.,We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.,2. He has made it clear that he will not give in.,注意： it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语, 真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾.,*_(我们觉得很奇怪)she didnt go to school today.,We think it strange that,Translate these sentences into English using noun clauses.,1.这是我们所想要的东西。 This is what we want. 2. 我认为你是对的。 I think you are right. 3. 我想知道他是否能帮助我。 Id like to know whether he can help me or not.,4. 天气不是昨天那样了。 The weather is not what it was yesterday.5. 问题是我们怎么能完成任务。 The problem is how we can finish the task.,表语从句在句子中作表语，在系动词之后,The question is whether we can complete the difficult task.The fact is that we will have two days off.,常见的系动词分为三种：,A表示特征和状态： be, look, sound, taste, smell, seem,appear等,B表示由一类状态转为另一类状态： get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, run等,C表示某种状态的： remain, keep, prove, rest, continue, stay等,3.表语从句,表语从句就是从句在主句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后,1.The trouble is (that )I have lost his address. 2.The question is whether they will be able to help us.3.That is what he has done.4.The problem remains how to get some financial support.,表语从句：,1.The reason why he was late was _he missed the train by one minute this morning. 2.The question is _ _(我们是否能做好准备）in such a short time.3.What I want to know is _ _(我该买哪部词典）.4.The point is _（你什么时候可以完成）,Exercise 3:,whether we can make good,when you can finish it.,that,which dictionary I,preparation,should buy,找出各句中的从句并指出是何种从句。1. I dont know if I can do it.2. What he is doing seems very difficult. 3. The important thing is how we can improve our studies.4. Mr Li always thinks of how he can do more for the people. 5. The news that she was pretending to be sick was whispered from one to another.,6. Thats what you are going to do first. 7. Itll be decided at the class meeting who is to be the monitor of our class. 8. When the sports meet is to be held is still under discussion. 9. I was surprised at what he said. 10. He gave me the news that some Americans will visit our school tomorrow.,4.同位语从句,同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语的名词性从句，是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。 大多数同位语从句由从属连词that (whether, how, when, where, why)引导（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名词后, fact/ news/idea/reason/ hope/ belief/ truth/dream /problem/ advice/ suggestion/ thought/order/ doubt/ answer/ reply ,1.They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.2.Where did you get the idea that I could not come.3. He often asks me this question when Tom will come back from American.,Appositive clause 同位语从句:,1. The idea _ computers will recognizehuman voices surprises many people.2. The possibility _ the majority of thelabour force will work at home is often discussed.3. I have no idea _(他去了哪里）4. They are thinking about the question_ _(怎么能够赢得)the competition.5. Please tell us the truth _(谁为我们做的）.,that,that,how they,who did that for us,where he has gone,Exercise 4:,could win,1.The news that our team has won the game was true. *(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息，that虽不作成分, 但不能省略) 2.The news that he told me yesterday was true. *(定语从句, 起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息， that在从句中作told的宾语,可以省略),注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.4.The news that we got last week is true.5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),(定语从句),注意1：that / what的辨用,1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.4.He told us _ he felt ill.5.The result is _ we won the game.6.This is _ we want to know.7. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.,What,That,what,what,what,（that）,（that）,that,Rules,1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用2. what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。,注意2：whether与if的辨用,1.Whether it is true remains a problem.2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true.3. He asked whether/if Mary would attend the ceremony.4.It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5.The question is whether you should accept it. 6.The question whether hell attend the meeting is important.7.I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.8.I dont know whether/if it is right or not.,Rules,1.在由形式主语it引导的主语从句及在vt动词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”， whether/if 都可以用；2.在前置主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和跟在介词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”， 只能用whether；3.在whether or not 和whether to do 中whether 不能换成if,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. I dont know _ he is well or not. 3._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.It hasnt been decided_ we shall attend the meeting.5.Were worried about _ he is safe.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go or to stay at home.,whether/ if,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether / if,Pick up one number and finish the task in it, then you can get some points.,Game Time!,1.The suggestion that she gives is very good. 2.Her suggestion is that we clean the classroom by turns.,判断：名词性从句定语从句,名词性从句,定语从句,10,1.I drove to Zhuhai for the meeting last week. That is _ I didnt come to you party.-The project was turn down. -It is _ we have no money.3.Tom didnt go to school today. The reason was _ he fell ill.,用thatwhybecause填空,that,why,because,20,Whats your impression of him? I want to know.,object clause 宾语从句,Join the two sentences into one 15,1.I doubt_ he can speak English.2.I dont doubt _ he can speak English.,whether/ if,that,10,Correct or not?,*I dont know when will we hold the meeting .,when we will hold the meeting.,疑问语序改为陈述语序,10,判断：名词性从句定语从句,1.The chance that you wanted doesnt exist at all.2.There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.,名词性从句,定语从句,10,How can I make a grammar lesson interesting?That is my question.,redicative clause 表语从句,Make a sentence,20,1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet. 2.The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,Join two sentences into one noun clause,The fact that two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.,20,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing.2._ we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.,用whetherif填空,whether,Whether,10,Translate the sentence,*_(他们很需要帮助)is quite clear.,That they are badly in need of help,20,dont konw,what do,where go,The man doesnt know w