宾语从句 资料课件.ppt

Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious.,The Object Clause,宾语从句,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,宾语从句的概念,在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素：,连 接 词,时 态,语 序,不同连接词引导的宾语从句,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,3.由连接代词 who, whom, whose, which， what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句,2.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,宾语从句连接词:,1.陈述句2.一般疑问句3.特殊疑问句,that,if /whether,原有的连接代词和连接副词,1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teacher told us (that) _ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由that引导的宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。,around the sun,Object clauses with that,Well have exams next Friday.,Using say,I can help him.,The teacher says (that ) well have exams next Friday.,The girl says (that) she can help him.,1. April is the hottest month of the year. (I believe)I believe (that) April is the hottest month of the year. 2. It was a little crowded. ( I guess) I guess (that) it was a little crowded.,3. The races were not that interesting to watch. (Bill thinks )Bill thinks (that) the races were not that interesting to watch.4. The Water Festival is really fun. ( I know) I know (that) the Water Festival is really fun.,5. Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow. (I hear )I hear (that) Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow. 6. The food was delicious . ( He says) He says（that) the food was delicious.,连词that不能省略的几种情况 在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。,1. 从句的主语是that。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他说那是一个真的王冠。,2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。,These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.,Which of the following sentences has an object clause?,Is Jim in ?,Has she taken any medicine ?,Using wonder,Li Lei wonders if Jim is in.,The doctor wonders if she has taken some medicine.,疑问句变宾语从句的步骤：1、把句子变为肯定句,Is Jim at home? Jim is at home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 3. Does he like sports? He likes sports. 4. Will they play basketball after school? They will play basketball after school.,变化方法：主句 + if / whether + 一般疑问句。if/whether 引导宾语从句 ，表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份， if/whether可互换。,2.在句子前加上从属连词 whether, if,该一般疑问句要变为陈述句形式。,把下列各句变为宾语从句,Is Jim at home? (I wonder) I wonder whether / if Jim is at home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? ( He wonders) He wonders whether/ if June is a good time to visit Hong Kong.,把下列各句变为宾语从句,3. Does he like sports? ( Do you know) Do you know whether he likes sports? 4. Will they play basketball after school? ( He asks) He asks whether they will play basketball after school.,. if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。,Object clauses with if and whether,由if / whether引导的宾语从句,. if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208?,其次要注意时态变化： 1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。,2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left.,. if和whether的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 这是否对，我不能说。,2. 宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。,3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。,5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如： Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6. if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。,1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it,B,B,3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught,A,Choose the right answers.,5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. who,D,C,4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heard,B,A,C,7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will come,改为含宾语从句的复合句,1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.,will arrive,if / whether,came,if / whether,Complete the sentences.,1. 我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?,whether / if we can,if / whether many people,are going to move,grow plants,3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。 I am worried about _.,whether or not he does,whether I hurt her,feelings,1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.,if / whether,whether,3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?,whether,If,5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell.,Whether,Complete the sentences with if / whether.,宾语从句语序：陈述句语序主句 +连 接 词 +主语 +谓语 +其他成分.,把下列宾语从句变为否定句。I think that they are fun to watch. I dont think that they are fun to watch.2. I believe April is the hottest month of the year. I dont believe April is the hottest month of the year.,三、宾语从句的句型变化,宾语从句的句型变化一般体现在主句的变化上。Please tell me how I can go there.Could you please tell me how I can go there ?Dont tell me how I can go there .,四、宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, guess , suppose 等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。,Translate the following sentences.1. 我认为不会下雨 I _ that it _. 2. 我认为你的答案不对. I _your answer right. 我们相信他还没走. We _ that he _.,dont think,will rain,dont think,is,dont believe,has gone,Practice :根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子,1. 我认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.,will,come,was,leaving,if / whether,( )1. I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. (2011山东青岛) A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time,中考链接,D,( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and join us. (2011天津) A. if B. which C. what D. where,A,( )3. Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. (2011湖南湘潭)A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rain,B,( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. (2011广西南宁市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be open,D,( )5. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. (2011内蒙古包头) A. when B. what C. whether D. since,C,( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to school if she _ free.(2011山东滨州) A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will be,C,( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇庆)A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for,C,( )7. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. (2011江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. where,A,( )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. (2011广西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whether,D,( )9. He said that light _much faster than sound. (2011山东枣庄) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelled,C,( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江苏淮安) A. how B. what C. who D. whom,A,( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? (2012江苏宿迁) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be like,C,( ) 12.Do you know _? At the end of July. (2012江苏连云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new computer game come out,C,( ) 13. -Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. (2012江苏南京) A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival,C,( ) 14. We havent discussed yet _. (2012江苏苏州) A. where we are going to put our new table B. where are we going to put our new table C. what we are going to put our new table D. what are we going to put our new table,A,( ) 15. I wonder _. (2012江苏镇江) A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon,A,( ) 16. They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. (2013漳州) A. that B. if C. whether( ) 17. Our physics teacher told us light _ faster than sound. (2013 黔东南) A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travel,C,A,Thank you,人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。,