情态动词中考ppt课件.ppt

情态动词的用法,初三英语专项复习,(1 ) John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( 2) -May I take this book out?-No, you_. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent( 3) Youd better_late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be,( 4) -He_ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt(5 ) He had to give up the plan, _ he? A. did B. didnt C. does D. doesnt,、正确使用can, could , may, might, must ,need，have to, shall ,should ,will, would, ought to ，等。,、had better 的用法,、Must I 和May I 的否定回答。,、表示肯定和否定的猜测。,【重点归纳 】,情态动词本身具有一定的词义，表示某种感情和语气。例如：You cant do it like that.(表示责备）,情态动词后加行为动词原形构成谓语。要掌握的情态动词有：can (could), may(might), must, should.,can 的用法1、表示“会，能够”。例如： He can speak English.2、表示许可或请求，此时可等于may. 例如： You can use this pen. Can I borrow your book?,3、表示怀疑、不确定或猜想的情况,多用于疑问或否定句中。例如： Can it be true? He cant be at school, because I met him just now.He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。,1、can = be able to 但can只有两种时态，而be able to 可用于多种时态。They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。,注意：,2、could不表示时态1）提出委婉的请求， （注意在回答中不可用could）。 - Could I have the television on? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。 He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。,may的用法。 1、表示许可或请求,其否定回答用cant或 mustnt。例如： May I go home now?Yes, you may. No, you cant.,2、表示可能性或猜测。 例如： You may be right.3、当表示请求时, might比may 语气更婉转。当表示猜测 时，might比may 更不确 定。,1、表示必须，一定要或禁止。例如： You must do your homework right now. You mustnt smoke here.,must 的用法。,2、以must开头的疑问句，其否定回答要用neednt.例如：Must I clean the classroom now? Yes, you must. No, you neednt.,3、must用于一般现在时和一般将来时，而其它形式用“have to” 来代替。如:She had to do some cooking yesterday because her parents were out.,4、比较have to和must 两词都是必须的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）,在否定结构中： dont have to 表示“不必”mustnt表示“禁止”，You dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。,need的用法。,need既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。 need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，,1) 实义动词： need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth2) 情态动词： need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。Need you go yet? Yes, I must. / No, I neednt.3) need 的被动含义：need doing = need to be done,表示“应该”，有建议的意味,并不表示过去时态。例如: Everyone should work hard every day.We should protect our living environment,should 的用法。,推测语气,对现在或将来情况推测：I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.,（2）must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。,（3）否定和疑问分别用cant和can。 If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。Can he tell a lie ? He cant tell a lie.*Must-should/ought to may-might/could可能性依次减弱,（4）ought to have done sth, should have done sth本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”。You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）ought to 在语气上比should 要强。,He must be reading, isnt he?You must do it yourself, dont you?He must have gone over the article, hasnt he?It must have rained last night, didnt it?,（3）表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成,固定搭配,1、would rather do2、would rather not do3、would rather than 宁愿而不愿。4、Would like to do = want to 想要,5、had better表示“最好”had better 相当于一个助动词，它 只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原 形。had better do sth had better not do sthIt is pretty cold. Youd better put on my coat.Shed better not play with the dog.,【实例解析】,南海执信中学初三英语备课组,例 1：-_the news be true?No, it_be true.A. Can, cant B. May, cantC. May, may not D. Must, mustnt,析： 选A。因为前半句是疑问句，后半句为否定句，两空都不能使用may/might 和must，应而用can和cant。,例2：-Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes, of course you_.A. mightB. will C. canD. should,析：选C。该句用can的委婉表达式could 来征求对方意见，could 和might通用，但回答时必须还成can或may，因此该题不选A.,例3：_you mind my smoking here?A. ShouldB Could C. MightD. Would,析：选D。征求对方意见我是否在这儿吸烟，语气理应委婉，所以应选委婉的表达方式would you mind来征求对方意见。,例4：-Must I start at once? No, you_.A. needntB. mustnt C. cantD. wont,析：A。由语境可知该答句表示“不必”，而mustnt表示“不准、禁止”，不符合语境，显然应使用neednt表示“不必”，但肯定句回答继续用must。,例5：_you please help me with my English? A. WouldB. Do C. ShallD. Can,析：A。次句表示请求对方意见，有“愿意 ”之意，而且又用于第二人称，应选用would。,【中考演练】,南海执信中学初三英语备课组,(1) May I change the film here? No, you do that in the sunshine. A. neednt B. dont have to C. cant D. may not *( 2). He come here tomorrow. A. need not B. doesnt need C. neednt to D. dont need,*(3) -Listen! Somebody is singing in the next room. Who _ it be? Is it Meihua? -No. It _ be her. She is at school now. A. will, may not B. must, mustnt C. may, cant D. may, wont(4) Boys, you _ be sitting in this room. It is for your teachers only. A. shouldnt B. dont C. wont D. neednt,*(5) Peter has to work till midnight,_? A. hasnt he B. doesnt Peter C. hasnt Peter D. doesnt he(6) Its raining hard outside, I _stay at home. A. must B. have to C. may D. can,*(7) My watch has been broken, it_.A. needs repairing B. needs repaired C. needs be repaired D. needs to repaired. *(8 ) The poor man needs our help, _ he?A. need B. neednt C. does D. doesnt,(9 ) - _ I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustnt. You_read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must,(10) You_ go and see a doctor at once because youve got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would,Good-bye!,