语法填空动词考查解题导练ppt课件.pptx

语法填空 动词考查解题导练 渑池二高 何冰清 2018年10月19日,一、考情分析 动词是英语高考中最主要的考点，完形填空约有10个左右的选项，涉及动词、动词短语。语法填空约有一半考查动词，包含时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语、情态动词助动词、动词词性转换等。短文改错也会约有4-5个的设题。,学习目标：掌握语法填空给出提示词动词的解题方法,语法填空动词考查解题导练,二、语法填空给出动词的解题思路1. 首先判断该动词是否做谓语。判断方法：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系（and，or）时，所给动词就是谓语动词。如果做谓语，就应考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。,时态主要看：（1）句中的时间状语。每一种时态都有相关的时态标志词，如一般现在时会跟表示时间频率的词连用，如always, frequently, every day等；一般过去时与表示过去具体的时间状语连用，如in 2006，last year，in the morning，on Monday morning以及in the past，just now，when I was in the junior high school等；现在完成时会有so far, up till now, since., twice, in the last few years等；过去完成时、过去将来时一定有另一表示过去的时间点作为参照物进行比较。(2)句中的其他动词时态。复合句或并列结构应考虑动词形式，尤其是时态需保持一致，应注意几个动词之间的逻辑关系、前后顺序等。(3)上下文暗示。语态主要看动词与其主语或宾语之间的关系，是施动者还是承受者。,练习：(1) She told me she _ (graduate) from college in 2003.(2) Jenny, who is now a secretary in an office, once _(work) as a teacher for five years.(3) He told me he_(read) a book at eight the day before yesterday.(4) When I die，I _(give) everything to you.(5) That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _(close) my book and walked away.(6) Three people_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.(7) Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result) the contrary to our intention.(8) Now, Valentines Day _(celebrate) in many countries around the world.,graduated,worked,was reading,will give,closed,were taken,results,is celebrated,2. 如果动词不是做谓语，则有以下可能：做定语、状语、主语、宾语、表语、宾补等，但不管是哪种形式，都肯定是非谓语动词形式。换言之，当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法，确定用具体的某种形式：to do : 将来；目的；doing（现在分词) :主动、进行；done : 被动、完成。,练习：At that time the English_ (speak) was different from what we speak today._(hear) the news, she jumped with joy _(finish) the work on time, he worked day and night. _(work) all day made her tired. But it is not enough only _ (memorize) rules from a grammar book. The headmaster went into the lab, _(follow) by the foreign guests.,spoken,Hearing,To finish,Working,to memorize,followed,3.不做谓语还有一种情况，即词性转化，一般是将动词变为名词。练习：With the _ (develop) of economy, China is becoming stronger and stronger.We must stick to the mission to fight with_ (pollute) to the end.The English version is boring. Perhaps it has lost something in _(translate). To our _(amuse), the actor jumped on and off the stage. These people have made great _(contribute) to China with their work.,development,pollution,translation,amusement,contributions,三、高考真题演练1. 2018全国卷1 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62_ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 _ (die) early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 64_ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.,to see,dying,is,2. 2018全国卷2Since 2011, the country 61_ (grow)more corn than rice. .The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_ (improve) water quality. This switch has decreased 66_(pollute) in the countrys major lakes .The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government 68_ (start) a soil-testing program .Chinas approach to protecting its environment while 70_ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,has grown,to improve,pollution,started,feeding,3. 2018全国卷3 I quickly lower myself , ducking my head to avoid 64 _ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65 _ (challenge).True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 _ (mean) me no real harm. .Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 _ (stay) and watch.,looking,challenged,meant,to stay,4. 2017全国卷1Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63_ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. .When fat and salt 64_ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.Fast food 67_ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68_ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.,to process,are removed,is,eating,5. 2017全国卷2This included digging up the road, 63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 65_(use) to pull the carriages .Later, engineers 68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69_ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.,laying,were used,managed,introduction,6. 2017全国卷3But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61_ (rest). .Sarah 63_ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 _ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 _ _ (educate). Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69_ (come) first. .,resting,was told,to prove,education,comes,7. 2016全国卷1Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. I was the first Western TV reporter 66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.,attraction,was allowed,permitted,introducing,8. 2016全国卷2Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62_(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63_(be) often acceptable.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 69_(bring) your work home. It could be anything gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, 70_(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.,achievement,is,to bring,make,9. 2016全国卷3Truly elegant chopsticks might 42_ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43_(create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 _ (use) twigs（树枝）to remove it.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 _ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49_ (be) too violent for use at the table.,be made,to creat,using,development,were,10. 2015新课标1 It was raining lightly when I 61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. Yangshuo 67_(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68_(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. .It regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,arrived,is,conducted,living,11. 2015新课标2The adobe dwellings(土坯房）61_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without 64_（use）electric equipment.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66_ (cool) the house during the hot day: at the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68_(go) day after day:,built,using,to cool,goes,