语法填空(长难句+易错点)ppt课件.pptx
语法填空专题,长难句分析+易错点攻坚,长难句类型！,分裂结构：将一个简单的句子分成好几段嵌套结构：在一个句子里面套一个从句，再在从距离套从句平行结构：好几个成分并列在一起,长难句分析！,长难句分析的原则有：断开和简化断开：1 找标点 2 找连接词 3 分析主谓；简化：留下主干成分，去掉其他成分，如定状补表同。,找标点（逗号，破折号中间基本可以判定为插入语，直接去掉）,The worlds longest sea bridge, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, _ (link) Hong Kong and Macau to mainland China. （19佛二模语法）I sat, in uniform, in a window seat, _ (avoid) eye contact with my fellow passengers. （18佛二模完型）A pair of red shoes- whether they are for sports, dances or just fashion- _(be) a must-have for every Chinese womans shoe collection. （18佛二模语法）,The bridge _ (link) Hong Kong and Macau to mainland China. （19佛二模语法）I sat, _ (avoid) eye contact. （18佛二模完型）A pair of red shoes _ (be) a must-have. （18佛二模语法）现在可以清楚地判定该填谓语还是非谓语。,简化（去掉其他修饰成分，留下主干成分）,The bridge _ (link) Hong Kong and Macau to mainland China. （19佛二模语法）I sat, _ (avoid) eye contact. （18佛二模完型）A pair of red shoes _ (be) a must-have. （18佛二模语法）1缺谓语，根据文段判断时态为一般现在时，因此填links;2 不缺谓语，填avoid的非谓语形式，与逻辑主语I判定是主谓关系（主动关系）填avoiding；3缺谓语，根据文段判断一般现在时，填is.,简化（去掉其他修饰成分，留下主干成分）,找连接词：找准从句：状从，名从，定从,But it was becoming a little bit sad, partly because the place was full of people who were at the last stage of their life. （周测9语法）I realized that it was my fear of watching Grandma grow older, my powerlessness to do anything about it and the thought of losing her that made me uncomfortable.（周测9语法）,But it was becoming a little bit sad, partly because the place was full of people _ were at the last stage of their life. （周测9语法）I realized that it was my fear of watching Grandma grow older, my powerlessness to do anything about it and the thought of losing her that _ (make) me uncomfortable.（周测9语法）,原因状语从句,定语从句,宾语从句里包含一个强调句,找连接词：找准从句：状从，名从，定从,But it was becoming a little bit sad, partly because the place was full of people _ were at the last stage of their life. （周测9语法）I realized that it was my fear of watching Grandma grow older, my powerlessness to do anything about it and the thought of losing her that _ (make) me uncomfortable.（周测9语法）,简化（若空在从句里，则独立地看从句，分析从句主谓）,简化（若空在从句里，则独立地看从句，分析从句主谓）,eople who were at the last stage of their life. （周测9语法）that my fear, my powerlessness and the thought made me uncomfortable.（周测9语法）1缺定从关系词，先行词people，定从缺主语，因此填who或者that；2去掉强调句句型，宾语从句缺谓语，根据上下文判断一般过去时，填made.,两个特别又长又难的长难句了解一下,From what we eat and drink to how much exercise we take, and whether we smoke, all will affect our health and how long we can expect _ (live) without chronic(慢性的) disease. （衡水I语法）Juncao, a kind of grass _ (introduce) from China, has been bringing great benefits to PNG(Papua New Guinea), as it not only helps develop a low-cost mushroom planting industry, but also produces cattle feed and greatly reduces soil erosion in the country.（衡水II语法暨周测11）,分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,非谓语动词形式则比较单一：v-ing, v-ed, v- to do及其变式。谓语动词则会反映时态语态，现在时，过去时，进行时，将来时，完成时，等等，形式非常丰富，也比较好鉴定。以下两个句子为例，请找出句子中的谓语动词。若是主从复合句，则主句和从句分开来找谓语。,分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,From what we eat and drink to how much exercise we take, and whether we smoke, all will affect our health and how long we can expect _ (live) without chronic(慢性的) disease. （衡水I语法）Juncao, a kind of grass _ (introduce) from China, has been bringing great benefits to PNG(Papua New Guinea), as it not only helps develop a low-cost mushroom planting industry, but also produces cattle feed and greatly reduces soil erosion in the country.（衡水II语法暨周测11）In 1996, _ (official) from PNG visited Fujian Province and invited Lin Zhanxi, a scientist of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, _ (promote) Juncao technology in their country. (衡水II),分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,all will affect our health and how long we can expect _ (live) without chronic disease. 宾从Juncao, a kind of grass _ (introduce) from China, has been bringing great benefits to PNG(Papua New Guinea), 主句Officials visited and invited Lin _ (promote) Juncao technology 并列句,分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,all will affect our health and how long we can expect _ (live) without chronic disease.1主句谓语动词是will affect，宾语从句谓语动词是expect,所以live是非谓语，结合expect固搭，填expect to live,分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,Juncao, a kind of grass _ (introduce) from China, has been bringing great benefits to PNG(Papua New Guinea), 2 主句谓语是has been bringing,因此introduce是非谓语，结合逻辑主语grass,判定与逻辑主语是动宾关系（被动关系），填introduced(被引入)。,分析主谓（找准谓语动词）,Officials visited and invited Lin _ (promote) Juncao technology 并列句，主语是officials,并列谓语是visited和invited， 因此promote是非谓语，固定搭配invite sb. to do sth.,所以此处填to promote.,总结,简而言之，长难句首先要断开，进行简化，留下主干成分（主谓；主谓宾；主系表；主谓双宾；主谓宾宾补）；去掉其他成分（各种插入语，从句，定状补表同）,易错点攻坚！,1.谓语与非谓语2.冠词与不定冠词3.定语从句关系词4.副词伤不起的-ly,1.谓语与非谓语！,给出动词提示词，主要考察谓语和非谓语，占据3-4空，分值高达4.5-6分！不容小视！具体参考长难句分析的方式，来判定给出的动词是谓语还是非谓语。语篇高分练1第1篇：18安徽毛坦厂中学,1.谓语与非谓语！,As a result, it _ (1.report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens dont get enough sleep. This sleep _ (2.lose) causes kids to suffer mentally and physically. _ (5.help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later. However, sleeping more on weekends _ (9.be)not a good idea,1.谓语与非谓语！,1.缺谓语，结合上下文时态，应填固定表达it is reported that 据报道2.谓语是causes, lose词形变换, 填sleep loss固定表达“睡眠缺失”5. 谓语是have made，help是非谓语，目的状语多用to do,因此此处填to help9.缺谓语，结合上下文时态，此处应填is,语篇高分练1第3篇18河南郑州一中,One day I came upon a bookstore, and, _ (1.realize) how cheap books in China were, _ (2.have) the idea that I should start learning from Chinese childrens books. Chinese childrens books _(6.design) for native Chinese kids, itll be discouraging to read many books, especially those _ (9.choose) at random So, I do wish, one day, there are some really good books _ (10. suit) for foreign learners out there in Chinas bookstores.,语篇高分练1第3篇,1. realizing （非谓语）2. have（谓语）6. are designed（谓语）9. chosen（非谓语）10. suitable（词形变换）,2.冠词与不定冠词,名词之前，无提示词直接使用翻译法检查（其他特殊情况请主动回翻一轮书）a/an，翻译为“一个，某一个”，首次提及，泛指; the, 翻译为“这个，那个，这些，那些”，特指。The hotel sold a tent for 80 yuan. We spent a quiet night in _ tent and woke up at 5 am to see the beautiful sunrise.（衡水III语法暨周测12）很多人误填a,但是上文已经出现tent,此处是特指，应填the.,练习：,语篇高分练1第2篇语篇高分练2第1篇,3.定语从句关系词,定语从句是语法填空常考点，主要考察关系词的运用。（请主动回翻一轮书定语从句专题）关系代词: that, who, which, whose, as;关系副词: when, where, why.首先找出先行词（必须是名词或者代词），然后判断先行词在从句中充当什么成分，若是充当主语，宾语，或者表语，则填that/ which/ who/ as,若是充当定语，则填whose；若定从主干成分不缺，则先行词在从句中充当状语（时间/地点/原因），则相应填when/ where/ why.,实例,Through the years, Lin has developed 45 varieties of Juncao, _ can be used to plant 55 mushroom species.衡水II语法（周测11）We eventually arrived on the top and also found a hotel _ looked very inviting. 衡水III（周测12）,非限定从关系词,1.只能填which2.填that/ which非限定从关系词不能由that/ why引导，相应改为which/ for which.非限定从是常考点，基本是看到逗号然后划横线条件反射先假设是非限定从。,4.副词伤不起的ly,词形变换中形容词变副词最容易出错，具体可回翻一轮书，以下简要总结：1.形容词直接加ly, quick quickly2.辅音+y，变y为i，再加ly，happy- happily3.以le结尾的形容词，变le为ly, simple- simply, gentle- gently, terrible- terribly4.以ic结尾的形容词，加ally, automatic- automatically, energetic- energetically5.以ll结尾的形容词，加y，full- fully6.true- truly,练习,语篇高分练22-3,Thanks and good luck to you all!,
