概要写作课件.pptx

概要写作summary,What is a summary?A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something, not the details. 牛津高阶英汉双解词典,1,考纲要求,1. 考纲要求,概要写作。提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右（少于40或多于80词扣两分）的内容概要。阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3.上下文的连贯性；4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。,2,写作特点,2. 写作特点,be thorough,be brief,restate/own words,be objective,3 写作步骤,分段,阅读,找要点,改写,修改,Read two or three times to find the structure.,Divide the whole passage into several parts and find the key point of each part.,Rewrite the key points by using your own words.,Polish the whole passage.,阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。 We shouldnt judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at? One of the most important things is clothes, but it isnt the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion. Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why? A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they cant judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable. However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor, we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctors white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers or their colleagues who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes. But can our clothes really tell people what we are like? Maybe not, but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes, they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.,Para.1,Para.3,Para.2,Para.4,Before writing:,Read,for structure and key points,Reading for Structure,How many parts can we divide the passage?Para 1：Part1 topicpara2: evidence/examplepara3: evidence/example,Part 2 supporting details,para4: Part3 conclusion,How to Get Key Points?,topic sentence for each paragraph,Find:,the first/ last sentence/join them together, Summarize in your own words,Read for Key Points,Para.1 We shouldnt judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at? One of the most important things is clothes, but it isnt the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.,_,_,Point 1,_,Read for Key Points,Para.2 Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why? A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they cant judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.,_,_,1. _,_,2. _,Point 2,_,3. _,_,4. _,_,benefits,Read for Key Points,Para. 3 However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor, we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctors white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers or their colleagues who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.,_,_,Point 3,_,_,Read for Key Points,Para.4 But can our clothes really tell people what we are like? Maybe not, but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes, they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.,_,_,_,_,_,Point 4,List the Key Points,After reading:,restate,the key points in your own words,in a different way,How to restate?,2. use synonyms (同义词的运用),3. summarize examples (概括),5. combine sentences (合并句子),4. sometimes change the voice (主被动语态转换),1. change the sentence structure (句型转换),Examples of restating the key points,Wearing right clothes for occasions is significant.Since judging a person by their appearance is unavoidable, wearing proper clothes for different occasions is more than vital.Clothes should be worn suitably for different occasions,Examples of restating the key points,Students are required to wear uniforms for various benefits.Teachers think uniforms can make student serious about their study seriously and avoid arguments.wearing uniforms at school can help students become serious about their study and avoid many problems,Examples of restating the key points, Different jobs need different clothes for customers expectations., People should attach importance to what they wear in certain ways., Different professions should dress themselves in certain ways.,Examples of restating the key points, Suitable clothes can show others we are serious and confident., Suitable clothes can make other aware of our seriousness and confidence., Proper clothes can present our attitudes such as being serious and confident.,After writing:,Use proper conjunctions(连接词） to polish your passage.,Introduction: The passage/article focuses on/mainly tells us表转折：but, however, though, although表并列、递进：as well as, in addition to, not only.but also, besides, whats more, furthermore,.表对比：meanwhile, on the other hand, on the contrary, contrast ,.表列举：firstly/secondly/finally/.表原因：because (of) ,due to, on account of,.; for表举例：for example/instance, such as, and so onEnding：therefore, consequently, In short, in conclusion, in a word,使用合适的连接词,Sample： The article mainly tells us wearing proper clothes is important for peoples first impressions.(要点1) For example, schools require students to wear uniforms for various benefits.(要点2) Besides schools, other places, like hospitals, banks, police stations and some companies also want their staffs to dress in uniforms properly. (要点3) In conclusion, our clothes can show our attitudes, such as being serious and having confidence .(要点4) (62词),some mistakes,83 words,key point missing,Conclusion： How to Write a Good Summary?,仔细阅读文本：读结构、读主题句、读关键信息。2. 用自己的语言表述文章的关键点，注意句子的语法结构和词汇的准确性，避免抄袭原句，不遗漏要点。(段落=要点)3. 运用适当的连接词润色文章。4. 关注所写概要的词数,