全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程第5册ppt课件.ppt

B R _ main0,B R _ main,An English Song The Incredibles,Global Warming,Greenhouse Effect,Warm-up Exercise,Background Information,B R _ English Song,An English Song The Incredibles Lunatica,Learn and Know,Listen and Feel,Listen and Discuss,B R _ Introductory Remarks,Listen to the song “The Incredibles”. Write down the key lyric of the song and discuss the topic mentioned.,Listen and Discuss,Tips: tiny and blueperfect place wake upmankind striking backglobal warming make things right,Directions:,B R _ Teach Your Children 1,Learn and Know,Lunatica is a symphonic metal band from Switzerland. Lunatica was formed in the winter of 1998.,Genres,Years active,Labels,Origin,Suhr, Switzerland,Symphonic metalProgressive metal,1998present,Frontiers RecordsNapalm Records,Background Information,B R _ Teach Your Children 2,Members,Andrea DtwylerSandro DIncauMarc TorrettiEmilio MG BarrantesAlex SeiberlRonny Wolf,B R _ Questions and Answers,Listen and Feel,Listen to the song again and fill in the blanks with what you hear.,The IncrediblesOnce upon a time there was a planet so tiny and blueIt was the to be But one life form on it wanted more But they dont see that its half past twelveTo turn is the easier way as long as they feel safe in their bedsTheres no need to from their dream But the truth no longer hidesThey must see what theyll,perfect place,_,a blind eye,_,wake up,_,leave behind,_,Directions:,B R _ Questions and Answers,Wake up, mankind, your time is running outGive your children the chance toNow the planet isAnd, of course, the lamenting is big , pollution as well Is not enough to make themThat now is the time to changeTheir behavior andWake up, mankind, your time is running outGive your children the chance to make things right,make things right,_,Global warming,_,understand,_,worlds fate,_,striking back,_,B R _ A Survey,B R _ Crosby, Stills and Nash 1,Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature, which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. When scientists talk about the issue of climate change, their concern is about global warming caused by human activities.,B R _ English Song,Greenhouse Effect,What Causes the Greenhouse Effect?,How do Humans Contribute to the Greenhouse Effect?,What is Greenhouse Effect?,B R _ A Survey,B R _ Crosby, Stills and Nash 1,What is Greenhouse Effect?,The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring process that aids in heating the Earths surface and atmosphere. It results from the fact that certain atmospheric gases, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane, are able to change the energy balance of the planet by absorbing longwave radiation emitted from the Earths surface.,B R _ A Survey,What is Greenhouse Effect?,B R _ A Survey,Watch the video clip and try to retell it with the help of the words and phrases given below.,the sun, radiation, warm the planet, natural source of heat, absorb, get trapped to the layer, escape, extra bit hotter, over and over again,B R _ A Practical Experiment 1,How do Humans Contribute to the Greenhouse Effect?, Burning natural gas, coal and oil Some farming practices and land-use changes Many factories producing long-lasting industrial gases Deforestation Population growth,B R _ A Practical Experiment 2,Warm-up Exercise Watch the video clip and write down the kinds of energy mentioned.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 3,flowing water, wind, fossil, solar, chemical reactions, nuclear energy,Tips:,MICRO-HYDRO: Small-scale systems tap the energy of flowing water. These are not to be confused with big dam projects which totally transform ecosystems, wreaking environmental havoc.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 4,WIND POWER: An ancient source undergoing a revival with modern turbine technology.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 5,FOSSIL FUELS: Derived from long-dead organic and animal matter. Oil, coal, and natural gas are all fossil fuels.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 5,SOLAR ENERGY: The suns power can be harnessed in various ways: by using photovoltaic cells to generate electricity directly; by using thermal collectors to make steam to generate electricity; by using passive solar materials that maximize or retain the suns heat.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 5,BIOMASS: Biomass is vegetal or organic material including dung and plants and biofuels are the solid or liquid or gaseous fuels that derive from it. Wood, methane and alcohol are all biofuels.,B R _ A Practical Experiment 5,NUCLEAR ENERGY: Currently produced by “fission”. An atom is split using uranium and the heat produced drives steam turbines to generate electricity.,B R _ English Song,Background Information,El Nino,Shishmaref,Hurricane Katrina,B R _ Education in the West 1,Hurricane Katrina,B R _ Education in the West 2,El Nino,B R _ Education in the West 2,Shishmaref,G R _ main,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,G R _ Further Understanding,Further Understanding,For Part 2 Questions and Answers,For Part 3 & 4 True or False,For Part 1 Blank Filling,G R _ Part Division of the Text 1,Parts,Para(s).,Main Ideas,1,13,2,410,By citing the example of Shishmaref, the authors introduce the theme of the essay: global warming.,The authors provide evidence from across America and around the world in illustration of the impact that climate change is having.,G R _ Part Division of the Text 1,Parts,Para(s).,Main Ideas,3,1114,4,15,The authors point out that if worldwide air temperature continues to rise the consequences would be disastrous, and that the pace of climate change may increase dramatically.,The authors conclude that it seems certain that the number of skeptics on global warming is getting smaller.,G R _ Questions and Answers 2,Blank FillingIn the essay, the authors present abundant evidence to illustrate the effects that climate change is bringing about. Now try to find out and write down the effects of global warming on some areas in America.,Places,Effects of global warming,It was battered by four monster hurricanes in 2004.,Florida,_,New Orleans, Mississippi,Katrina swamped New Orleans and,_,hammered the coast of Mississippi in 2005.,G R _ Questions and Answers 2,Places,Effects of global warming,Shishmaref,It has lost 100 to 300 ft. of coastline. The permafrost is , and the sea ice is , leaving residents vulnerable to violent storms. Houses have or have had to be moved to higher ground. waves have washed away the school playground and destroyed 100,000 dollars worth of . The ice-fishing season is now later and the time for picking has moved forward.,thawing,_,thinning,_,collapsed,_,property,_,berry,_,Giant,_,G R _ Questions and Answers 1,Questions and Answers,1. What in part caused global warming?,The burning of oil and gas in factories and cars.,2. What magnifies the effects of global warming in the polar regions?,The complex meteorological processes associated with snow, permafrost and ice magnify the effects of global warming in the polar regions.,G R _ Questions and Answers 2,3. What does the overwhelming evidence point to according to Gunter Weller?,It points to the fact that humanity has altered the climate.,4. What do the authors mean by quoting Midwestern farmers frequent remark “If you dont like the weather, just wait five minutes”?,They mean that the weather is so changeable that there is no such thing as normal weather.,G R _ Questions and Answers 3,5. Compared with pre-industrial levels, are there any changes around us? What are they?,Yes. Snow fields, coral reefs, drought, the Arctic permafrost, plants and animals.,G R _ Scanning1,True or False,1.With seas rising as much as 1 ft., enormous areas of densely populated land coastal Florida, much of Louisiana, the Nile Delta, the Maldives, Bangladesh would become uninhabitable.,F,With seas rising as much as 3 ft., ,( ),2.Higher levels of urban ozone, the result of stronger sunlight and warmer temperatures, could exacerbate respiratory illnesses.,T,( ),G R _ Scanning2,3.Kevin Trenberth told Time that humans were fully responsible for the changing climate.,F,( ),4.For the Westerners, learning should take place by continual careful shaping and molding.,5.As a result, it seems that there will be fewer and fewer skeptics on global warming.,T,( ),Kevin Trenberth told Time “There is no doubt that climate is changing and humans are partly responsible”.,T,( ),We start our look at global warming with an article written by the editors of Time that draws together evidence from across America and around the world to illustrate the impact that climate change is having. The article then moves on to consider some of the harmful consequences that will arise if the trend continues and the possibility that the pace of climate change may increase dramatically.,D R _ Text 0,1 You say youre a skeptic on global warming? Perhaps you dont live in Florida, along the Gulf Coast or in Shishmaref, Alaska: people who live in those parts tend to be believers. Florida was battered by four monster hurricanes in 2004, while Katrina swamped New Orleans and hammered the coast of Mississippi a year later. The extraordinary power of the past few hurricane seasons, many scientists believe, is due to global warming. The big storms beef up on the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, and those latitudes are growing warmer, year by year.,D R _ Text 1,Heat Wave,The Editors of Time,D R _ Text 2,2 As for the tiny town of Shishmaref (pop. 600), it is an Inupiaq Eskimo village perched on a slender barrier island 625 miles north of Anchorage. When Time reporter Margot Roosevelt visited it in 2004, she discovered it was “melting into the ocean.” It had lost 100 to 300 ft. of coastline and half of that amount occurred since 1997. The permafrost beneath the beaches was thawing, and the sea ice was thinning, leaving residents increasingly vulnerable to violent storms. One house had collapsed, and 18 others had to be moved to higher ground, along with the towns bulk fuel tanks.,D R _ Text 3,Giant waves had washed away the school playground and destroyed $100,000 worth of boats, hunting gear and fish-drying racks. “Its scary,” village official Luci Eningowuk told Roosevelt. “Every year we agonize that the next storm will wipe us out.”,3 The ice-fishing season in Shishmaref that used to start in October now began in December, since the ocean freezes later each year. Berry picking began in July instead of August. Most distressing for the Inupiaq is that thin ice made it harder to hunt oogruk, the bearded seal that is a staple of their diet and culture.,4 Whats going on? Global warming, caused in part by the burning of oil and gas in factories and cars, is traumatizing not only the Gulf of Mexico but also polar regions, where the complex meteorological processes associated with snow, permafrost and ice magnify its effects. A study published in Science in 2004 found that glaciers in West Antarctica are thinning twice as fast as they did in the 1990s. In Alaska the annual mean air temperature has risen 4 to 5 in the past three decades, compared with an average of just under 1 worldwide.,D R _ Text 5,5 As a result, Alaskas glaciers are melting; insects are devouring vast swaths of forest; and thawing permafrost is sinking roads, pipelines and homes. Arctic Ocean ice has shrunk 5% to 10%, at an accelerating rate. “Shishmaref is the canary in the coal mine an indicator of whats to come elsewhere,” said Gunter Weller, director of the University of Alaskas Co-operative Institute for Arctic Research. “The evidence is overwhelming that humanity has altered the climate.”,D R _ Text 6,D R _ Text 7,6 From Miami to Shishmaref, and at many points in between, people say the weather doesnt seem normal anymore. Yet to put matters in perspective, there is no such thing as normal weather. As Midwestern farmers often opine, “If you dont like the weather, just wait five minutes.” And seasons are rarely normal. Winter snowfall and summer heat waves beat the average some years and fail to reach it in others. Its tough to pick out overall changes in climate in the face of these natural fluctuations. An unusually warm year, for example, or even three in a row dont necessarily signal a significant general trend.,7 Yet the earths climate does change. Ice ages have frosted the planet for tens of thousands of years at a stretch, and periods of warmth have pushed the tropics well into what is now the temperate zone. But given the normal year-to-year variations, the only reliable signal that such changes may be in the works is a long-term shift in worldwide temperature.,D R _ Text 8,D R _ Text 9,8 And that is precisely whats happening. In 1988, when Time named Earth the Planet of the Year, the idea that our world was warming up as a result of human activity was largely theoretical. We knew that since the Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century, factories and power plants and automobiles and farms have been loading the atmosphere with heat-trapping gases. But evidence that the climate was actually getting hotter was still murky.,D R _ Text 10,9 Not anymore. Reports, studies and articles from esteemed scientific organizations have now demonstrated that worldwide temperatures climbed more than 1 over the past century, and that the 1990s were the hottest decade on record. Look around: snow fields, including the legendary snows of Kilimanjaro, are disappearing from mountaintops around the globe. Coral reefs are dying off as the seas get too warm for comfort.,Drought is the norm in parts of Asia and Africa. El Nino events, which trigger devastating weather in the eastern Pacific, are more frequent. The Arctic permafrost is starting to melt. Lakes and rivers in colder climates are freezing later and thawing earlier each year. Plants and animals are shifting their ranges poleward and to higher altitudes, and migration patterns for animals as diverse as polar bears, butterflies and beluga whales are being disrupted.,D R _ Text 11,10 Faced with these hard facts, most scientists no longer doubt that global warming is happening, and almost nobody questions the fact that humans are at least in part responsible. Nor are the changes over. Already, humans have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide, the most abundant heat-trapping gas in the atmosphere, to 30% above preindustrial levels and each year the percentage increases. The obvious conclusion: temperatures will keep going up.,D R _ Text 12,11 If the rise is large enough, the results could be disastrous. With seas rising as much as 3 ft., enormous areas of densely populated land coastal Florida, much of Louisiana, the Nile Delta, the Maldives, Bangladesh would become uninhabitable. Entire climatic zones might shift dramatically, making central Canada look more like central Illinois, Georgia more like Guatemala. Agriculture would be thrown into turmoil. Hundreds of millions of people would have to migrate from unlivable re