宾语从句表语从句PPT课件.ppt

Related Conception (相关概念),1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is li Ming.,主语,表语,Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句 ( The Subject Clause),宾语从句 ( The Object Clause),表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause),请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the man who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),Grammar,Noun clauses as the object and predicative 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句,Useful structure ( 22m ),如何区分宾语从句？,They know the teacher. 主语 谓语 宾语They know the teacher is a man . 主语 谓语 宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句。,We wonder how we shall do . Could you tell me where they are? We believe that they have finished their task, havnt we ?I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。,1、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。,Unit 3,句子类型,that(有时可省略),陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,The Object Clause,e.g. I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) He asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?,The Object Clause,做动词的宾语,(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： e.g. He doesnt know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： e.g. He told me what I should read,Unit 3,(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me 我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。(4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式; e.g. I dont think you are right 我想你是不对的。,(5) 在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g. 一Do you believe it will clear up?你认为天气会转晴吗? 一I believe so. 我认为会这样。 I dont believe so.(或I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。,Unit 3,(1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;e.g. Did she say anything about how we should do the work?(2) that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到; e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long (3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语 it; e.g. Ill see to it that everything is ready,做介词的宾语,宾语从句的注意事项（一）,句子类型,that(有时可省略),陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：、当that宾语从句中间有插入词语,that不可省 Hejudgedthat ,becausehewasachild,hedidnot understand what he had said.当that从句有并列从句时，that不能省； Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewas worried.,当多个that从句作并列宾语时,前面从句的that可省可不省,但最后一个that不可以省He knows (that) his English teacher is from England and that she has two children.当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如： Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthanthe othersdo,注意事项（二）,从句时态,主句时态,现在时/将来时,相应任何时态,过去时,相应过去任何时态,宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如： Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsataveryhighspeed.,名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：Heaskedmewhere we should meet.,1）在 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess 等动词后的否定前移问题；2）在 hope, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, think, expect, tell, say, fear 以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事)。,注意事项（三）,关于doubt,肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that. sb. doubts if/whether. sb. doesnt doubt that . There is no doubt that .There is no doubt that he will win the game.,单项选择 1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food.A.where B what C how D that2.Could you tell me _?A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ?C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ?3 The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun.A moved B moves C move D moving4.Could you tell me _?A if he would come tomorrowB will he come tomorrowC whether he will come tomorrowD If he comes tomorrow4.I did nt know that Mr. Smith _yet.Has returned B has returned C had returned D returned,B,B,C,C,C,1.We wonder how we shall do next.2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?3. We believe that they have finished their task, dont we ?4.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition.5.Mr li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.,what,havent they,didnt,they are,as if,The Predicative Clause,that 引导的表语从句 that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether 引导的表语从句 连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.,2. 表语从句在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。,3. where, when, why, how.引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.,. 4.what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句 连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.,5. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。 as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.,1.Please tell me you will go to the leacture tomorrow.2. It all depends on the sky will clear up.3. The question is the film is well worth seeing.4. He will be well tomorrow I am not sure.5. it is true remains a problem.,关联词比较,whether / if,whether / if,whether,whether,whether,whether,引导宾语从句时可互换.位于介词后要用whether.位于句首时要用whether.引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时, 要用 whether.,whether和if的用法,whether 可用于介词之后. Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback whether可用于不定式之前Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.后面直接跟ornot时用whether。.Ididntknowwhetherornothehadarrivedin Wuhan,主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句句首中只能用whether，宾语从句中则两者都可Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。If表示“如果”时，不能用whether。Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime. If I have enough time, I will play football.,1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done.3. he was able to come made us happy.4. This is makes us interested.5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.,what / that,(that),what,(That),what,(that),what= the thing that,who / whoever,1.The competition is coming. will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.2. I believe takes part in the competition will try his best. what / whatever3. Can you tell me you d like to order? happens, dont be surprised.All the food here is delicious. Just order you like.,who,whoever,what,whatever,whatever,1.Go and get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever,B,B,C,B,B,Practice choosing ( 10m ),高考链接,1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . (2003北京春季)A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited,A,解析： 这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D.where,解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。,A,3.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. ( 2002上海春季) A. what B. that C. which D. why,解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案为A。,A,4.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . (2002上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that,解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。,A,