动词不定式》PPT课件.ppt

动词不定式,肯定： to + V.原 或者 (to)+ V.原 否定：not/never + (to) + V.原,He likes to read novels. I saw him come. We decided not to buy that house.4) It is interesting to fly a kite. 5) Please let him not go there.,动词不定式的结构,作主语,To hear your voice is so nice.To study hard is very important.,It is so nice to hear your voice.,It is very important to study hard.,不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。,注意:,1、It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.,不定式做主语 谓语动词用单数,It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth. for: adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等.）of: adj. 多为 描述主语的品质特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish 等.）,作主语,It is easy _ her to learn English well.It is clever _ you to solve the problem.,of,for,2、It takes sb. some time to do sth.,It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day.,作主语,我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。,I spend three hours finishing the homework every day.,3、It is + n. (for sb) to do sth.,It is my pleasure to help you with your English.,作主语,4、用在谚语中,To see is to believe.,To say is easy, but to do is hard.,作主语,1、It is necessary _us to learn to wait. (of/for)2、It was careless _me to break the cup . （of/for)3、It took them 1,000 yuan _this table. (buy)4、It is my pleasure _ the box for you. (carry),to buy,for,of,to carry,练习,5、轮到我们打扫教室了。 It is our turn_6、To waste time is to shorten life. （翻译成中文）,to clean the classroom.,浪费时间就是缩短生命。,练习,1、动词+ to do sth.常用动词有：want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / fail/ manage/ promise等,1、I hope to finish it tomorrow . 2、She plans to go and teach in the country.,作宾语,决定 学习 (有) 希望， 设法 拒绝 想 假装主动 答应 选 计划， 同意 请求 帮一帮,2、动词疑问词+to do,I dont know_ next. She cant decide_.,作宾语,2、她不能决定买哪本书。,1、我不知道接下来该做什么。,what to do,which book to buy,=She cant decide which book she should buy.,3、主语+谓语+it+ adj./n. +to do,作宾语,常见的谓语动词： find, think, consider, feel, make等,The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space. 大气中的尘埃使人难以获取太空的清晰图像。,我认为学好英语很重要,I think it important to learn English well.,1、Dont forget _.(关灯)2、I happened _when he called me. （出去）3、I dont want_. (依赖别人）4、Sam is learning_. (怎样开车）5、We promise _ the environment.(保护),to turn off the light,to go out,to depend on others,how to drive a car,练习,to protect,1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth.,作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明,She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write. 常用的动词有：ask, allow, advise, want tell, order, teach, expect等,动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感：feel二听：hear, listen to三使：make, let, have四看：see, notice, watch, look at,Johns mother makes him play the piano every day.,变被动时 是省略的不定式符号 to要还原回来：hear sb do sb be heard to do sth,John _ play the piano every day.,is made to,2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式,注意:,1、Let him _ the work at once. (finish / to finish)2、Do you like listening to other people_? (talk / talking/to talk ) 3、Jim was seen _the room. (enter /to enter )4、Please tell her _here on time . (come / to come),finish,talk,to enter,to come,练习,5、Ill help you _this problem. (to solve /solve )6、 I wish you will stay with us.(改成简单句）7、Her story made us laugh. (改成被动句）,(to ) solve,I wish you to stay with us.,We were made to laugh by her story.,1、主语 + be + to do sth 主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job 等 名词,1、My ambition is to be a singer. 2、His work is to clean the classroom every day.,作表语,我的梦想是成为一名歌手。他的工作是每天清扫教室。,2、谚语中,1、To know everything is to know nothing.2、To see is to believe.,放在被修饰词的后面,I have a lot of work to do. I want to find something to drink.,作定语,不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。,Im looking for a hotel _.A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay at,D,位置：,He hasnt got a house to live,I have no pens to write _.,in,with,He bought a toy to play with.,1、原因状语: 主语 + be + adj.(表情感) + to do sth. (happy/ glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid 等),Im sorry to hear that.,作状语,Im glad to see you.,2、目的状语,The soldier ran into the room to save the girl .,Tom went to the airport _(去接他的爷爷),to meet his grandpa,3、结果状语 too + adj./adv. +to do sth.adj./adv. enough to do sth.,You are too young to do this job.,He ran fast enough to catch the bus.,动词不定式可以充当的句子成分,1、作主语,2、作宾语,3、作宾语补足语,4、作表语,5、作定语,6、作状语,All I did was to give him some advice . His dream is to travel all over the world. Lucy needs a friend to play with . He was the last guest to arrive . Its interesting to read a science fiction .,下列不定式作何种成分？,（表语）,（表语）,（定语）,（定语）,（主语）,He was glad to see you. My father offered to buy a computer for me. He interviewed detective Ken to get some information . The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables.,（状语）,（宾语）,（状语）,（宾语补足语）,下列不定式作何种成分？,1、习惯于be used to _ 被用于be used to _Water is used to _ (put) out fires.I am used to _ (take) a walk after supper.2、prefer to 比起来更喜欢 比起游泳来，我更喜欢跑步。I prefer _ to _.3、look forward to 期待，盼望Im looking forward to _ (visit) Beijing again.,介词 to 与不定式 to 的区别,put,taking,running swimming,visiting,do,doing,Exercises,1. - Youve done very well this time. - Its really kind _.A. for you to say so B. for you saying soC. of you to say so D. of you saying so2. It is better to lose ones life than _.A. if you lose your spiritB. losing his spiritC. to lose ones spiritD. your spirit getting lost,C,C,3. I cant work in this way. - Why not _ it in some other way?A. try to doB. try doingC. trying to doD. trying doing4. Since you find it difficult _ a decision, youd better a discussion( 讨论) with your parents.A. reach; haveB. reaching; haveC. reach; havingD. to reach; have,B,D,5. My father hates(痛恨) _. He never allows me _.A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; smokingC. smoke; smokingD. smoking; to smoke6. The girl was beginning _.A. get angry B. to get angryC. getting angry D. angry,D,B,7. There isnt any difference between the two. I really dont know _.A. where to chooseB. which to chooseC. what to chooseD. to choose which8. The bag is too heavy for me _.A. to carry itB. not to carry itC. to carryD. not to carry9. The teacher will teach him _.A. to useB. use itC. how to use itD. uses,B,C,C,