中考英语代词ppt课件.ppt

代 词Pronoun,Made by Amy,代词的考点,一.人称代词,四.指示代词,二.物主代词,五.不定代词,三.反身代词,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清,一.人称代词,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,人称,格,数,单数,复数,主格,宾格,主格,宾格,I,you,he,she,it,me,you,him,her,it,we,you,they,us,you,them,1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时(一般跟在介词与动词的后面)用宾格 * They （主语）all like him （动词宾语）very much. 他们都很喜欢他。 * She gave the books to you and me.（介词宾语） 这些书是她送给你和我的。,用法口诀： 人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说； 主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。,一.人 称 代 词：,2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格 * Whos knocking at the door? Its me. 谁敲门？-是我。 3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为单数形式：（二、三、一）即：you/ he/ I复数形式：（一、二、三）即；we/ you/ they* You, she and I all enjoy the music. 你她和我都喜欢音乐。* We, you and they all love our country.,注：单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先.,Exercise:,1).我、你、他、都18岁。_2).你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 _.,You, he and I are 18.,We, you and they are from China,4.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格., I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me,5.she可以用来代表国家、船只或车辆、大地、月亮等 * We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and bigger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。 * The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to England. 轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去英国。,1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they,Have a try:, it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster., It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。天气： How cold it is today! 时间： Its about eight oclock. 距离： Its 200 kilometers from here.,6.it 的特殊用法：,1. - Who is knocking at the door? - I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it 2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that3. I cant find my hat . I think I must buy_. A. it B. one C. that,Have a try:, 跟it有关的固定句型：1. 做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. 2. 轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. 3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.4. 据说 Its said that ,5. 某人花费做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth.6. 自从以来，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段 + since + 从句(过去时)7. 某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb. think feel,+ it + adj. to do,I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going,my,our,your,your,his,her,its,their,mine,ours,yours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs,用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。,二.物 主 代 词：,1.形容词性物主代词在句子中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。在句中只能作定语 * My brother is a worker. 我弟弟是个工人。 * His parents are very friendly. 他的父母非常友善。,2.名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、表语和宾语 * Whose book is this? Its mine. 这书是谁的？ - 我的。 * Our room is big and theirs is small. 我们的房间大，他们的房间小。 * You may use my pen. Ill use hers. 你可以用我的笔，我用他的好了。,3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系： 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 * These books arent ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours) * This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours),名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,4.名词性物主代词可用在of后面做定语，相当于“ of +名词所有格”， 表示所属、带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。eg: He is a friend of mine. * A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。 * Tom is a friend of mine. 汤姆是我的一个朋友,根据汉语填空:,1、The two little girls are crying. They cant find_(她们的)mother.,2、Is the shirt on the bed _(你的)?,3、This red blouse isnt Helens. _is blue.(她的),their,yours,Hers,1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him,Have a try：,4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its,三.反 身 代 词：,myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,themselves,herself,itself,定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾self、复数加词尾selves 构成。 在句子中，反身代词可作动词或介词的宾语、表语、主语或者宾语的同位语。,三.反身代词的用法：,（一）作动词的宾语反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?2. help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。 Help yourselves to some fruit.,3. hurt oneself 伤着自己 She didnt hurt herself.4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学 Did you teach yourself English ? = Did you learn English by yourself?5. look after oneself 照顾自己=take care of I can look after myself well.,6.say to oneself自言自语 Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”e to oneself苏醒 Soon the boy came to herself.8.make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被别人 She did her best to make herself understood.9.lose oneself in 沉浸于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.,（二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself.2. for oneself为自己 She made the skirt for herself.3. of oneself自然而然的、自动的 The door opened of itself.4. among themselves在他们中间 They are discussing the matter among themselves.,（三）作表语反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。 The little boy was myself.（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。1.作主语的同位语 He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.2.作宾语的同位语 I will give the letter to your brother himself.,（五） 反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快自学 请随便吃 自言自语 独自 为自己 不要客气 陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服 照顾自己,enjoy oneself teach / learn oneself sth. help oneself to sth. say to oneself by oneself for oneself make oneself at home lose oneself in dress oneself look after oneself,The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your,Have a try：,四.指 示 代 词：,The weather in China is quite different from that in USA .,(一) 指示代词this/ that/ these/ those,1. this, these指在方位上较近的人或物 that, those指在方位上较远的人或物 *This is my shirt, thats yours. *These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan.,指示代词是表示空间和时间远近关系的代词包括:this/that (单数) these/those (复数),2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复 *These boxes are heavier than those on the desk. 3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that *He was ill yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.,（二）【辨析】one, it, that it 常用来特指上下文提到的事物，用来指可数名词或者不可数名词，one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子，用于代替可数名词，that常用在比较等级中，代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Zhengzhou is much wetter than that of Shanghai., The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that,Have a try:,（一）定义： 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词 all, each, every, both, either, neither , none, one, little, few, many, much , other, another, some, any, no 由some, any, no, every 等构成的合成代词,五、不 定 代 词：,（二）几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词1.some/any some 常用于肯定句中， There are some flowers in front of the house.当说话者期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时，可以用在疑问句中. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please. May I ask you some questions? Will you give me some water? Could I have some apples?, any常用于否定句和疑问句中，当any表示“任何”时，可用于肯定句。Do you have any pictures?There arent any students in the classroom.2. many/much many 修饰或指代复数可数名词 * There are many eggs in the basket. * Many of us like playing games. much 修饰或指代不可数名词 * He doesnt know much English.,3.another/other another 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个 * I dont want this apple. Please show me another. other 后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的 * Do you have any other questions?,4. the other/others/the others the other 1. 特指两个中的另一个“onethe other” * He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor. 2. 修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 * Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.,others泛指其他的人或物 * He often helps others. * Some are playing basketball, others are playing football. the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部的人或物。 * There are fifty students in our class. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.,图解other系列不定代词,5.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修饰可数名词 little/a little 修饰不可数名词 few, little 表示否定意义,译为“没有几个”,“没有多少” a few, a little 表示肯定意义, 译为“有几个”，“有一点”,* There are few people living here. 这里几乎没人住。 * There are a few students in the classroom. 教室里有一些学生。 * I know little English. 我不懂英语。 * There is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有些牛奶。, few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a * There are quite a few new books in the library. 图书馆里颇有些新书。,6.every/each every单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of 连用 *Every child likes playing games. each 表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of 连用 *Each student was asked to try again. *Each of them has a new book.,7.all/none all “(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前 * We are all from China. They all like English. none “没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可） * None of us is/are afraid of dogs.,8.both/either/neither both “（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数;作定语时后跟名词复数 * My parents are both teachers. =Both of my parents are teachers. neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数. * Neither answer is right., either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数. * There are trees on either side of the street. = There are trees on both sides of the street.,有关词组及应用 1. both of/either of/neither of * Both of them swim well. 他们俩都游得很好。 * Either of you goes to Beijing. 你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。 * Neither of them stopped to have a rest. 他们俩谁都不停下来休息。,2.bothand（谓语动词用复数形式） eitheror/neithernor(谓语动词遵循就近原则) * Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two. Tom 和 Lucy 都在二年级。 * Either my father or my mother cooks at home. 或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。 * Neither he nor I am free today. 我和他今天都没空。,9.something/anything/nothing/Somebody/anybody/ nobody1. 这些词一般没有词形变化,但以-one或-body结尾的词能带所有格词尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. 2. 这些词修饰形容词或者副词时,形容词或者副词都需要后置。不定代词修饰形容词要后置3. 这些复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。4. 在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分的主语是everybody, someone等指人的复合代词时，疑问部分的主语往往用they,也可以用he;若陈述部分的主语是anything, nothing等指物的复合代词时,疑问部分的主语用it。如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ?,some & any,some 肯定句 any 否定句/ 疑问句/ 条件句,some 也可以用于疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到肯定答复。,Would you like _ coffee?,some,1、,2、,3、,不定代词（something ,anyone）+ 形容词,Have a try：,1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else,Do it yourself：,few / a few & little / a little,1、,2、,当前面由only 修饰，常用 a few 或a little .,3、,a little 可表示“有点，稍微”,Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few,Have a try：,one it, The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. A. it B. one C. / I have lost my pen. I have to buy _. A. one B. it C. / How nice your bag is! I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. /,one 同类不同件it 同类同件,each every, I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of 他隔天来这里。 He came here _ day.,every other,none no one, How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come from, _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; are,either neither both,either neither both, Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studying,The students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. either Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no, I didnt see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldnt open the door. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldnt I They_ in good health,and they_ there. A. are both; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goes, Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the other One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one.A. other B. others C. another,other the other others the others another, I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, otherC. The one, the other Some of the students are playing on the playground. But wherere _? A. the other B.others C.the others - Is this your sock ? - Yes, it is . Where is _? A. another B. the other one C. others We got home by 4 oclock ,but _ didnt get back until 8 oclock. A. the other B. others C. the others,Correct the following sentences:1 Dont worry. There is little time left.2 His book is quite different from me.3 She has two cats. One is white, another is black.,Dont worry. There is a little time left.,His book is quite different from mine,She has two cats. One is white, the other is black.,4 I have interesting something to tell you.5 Please give me it. 6 Every of us wants to have a look at your photo.,I have something interesting to tell you.,Please give it to me,Each of us wants to have a look at your photo.,7 He sits in front of Jim and I.8 I like to receive letters but I do not like write it.9 He doesnt know what one to buy.,He sits in front of Jim and me.,I like to receive letters but I do not like write them.,He doesnt know which one to buy.,( )1 Is this your football, boys? No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong. A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself,D,B,C,Have a try：,( )4 _ want to see the film. A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the students( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded. A. the few B. a few C. few D. little( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either,D,C,C,( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ are green. A. another, the other B. the other, others C. others, the others D. another, the others( ) 8 I have found _ on the Internet. A. a few informations B. a little informations C. a few information D. a little information,D,D,( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. A. each other B. every other C. this and other D. all other( )10 - _ is the man under the tree? - Jims father. A. When B. What C. Where D. Who,B,D,疑问代词是在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句的代词。常见的疑问代词有:who/ whom/ whose/ what/ which 通常做主语宾语定语表语 * What makes you think like that ? 做主语 * Who(Whom) were you talking with? 做宾语 * Which bus do I need? 做定语 * Whats your father? 做表语,六.疑 问 代 词：,注意： 1. who，whom都表示“谁”，作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,在口语中,Who和Whom通用, 但当疑问词作介词宾语时，且介词又置于句首时，只能用whom。*With whom did he play games? * With who did he play games?(错)2. which, what在特殊疑问句作定语时，后面必须紧跟一个名词。What class are you in?3.疑问词做主语时，疑问句语序用陈述句语序。 *Who is your English teacher?