名词性从句之宾语从句及表语从句ppt课件.ppt

Noun Clauses名词性从句,Learning aims:,Know something about noun clauses.Know how to use the object and the predicative.,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句 ( The Subject Clause),宾语从句 ( The Object Clause),表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause),Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, if,when, where, how, why,Object Clauses 宾语从句,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,做宾语的句子叫做宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词以及形容人的感觉的形容词后,句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句。语序：陈述语序,The object clauses found in the text,Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.I wonder, Mr. Adams, if you would mind us asking a few questions.May we ask what you are doing in this country and what your plans are?Well, I cant say that I have any plans.His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.I didnt know whether I could survive until morning.I am afraid (that )I dont quite follow you, sir.,8. Tell us, Mr. Adams, what sort of work did you do in American?9. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have?10. If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I dont think (that) its very funny.11. Now if youll excuse me, I think (that) Ill be on my way.12. You mustnt think (that) we dont care about you.13. We know (that) you are hard-working.14. Why dont you explain what this is all about?,一、连词（引导词） 1. that1) 当宾语从句由连词that引导，由于that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. I see (that) its two oclock.Do you think (that) its genuine?,2) 宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that 可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不可以省略。（2）当that在从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语 that 引导的宾语从句中that 不能省。,I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,3) 在主句为系动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。,Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时，由连词whether或if引导， “是否”，不能省略。,(1).Lily wanted to know her grandma liked the handbag .(2). Lets see we can find out some information about that city .(3).She asked me she could borrow these books .,2. Whether / if,if /whether,if /whether,if /whether,1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 但是： a).当有or not时就用whether,不用if. I dont know whether or not I will stay. b).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,注意 whether和if的使用区别:,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.,if / whether,whether,whether,whether,3. 当宾语从句是由疑问词（what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。,Do you know - he said just now ? I dont remember- we arrived . I asked him - I could get so much money . Please tell me- we will see . Do you know time the plane leaves ?,what,when,how/when/why/where,who whom,what,when,We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.,2. He has made it clear that he will not give in.,注意1： it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语, 真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾.,*_(我们觉得很奇怪)she didnt go to school today.,We think it strange that,注意2：在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。,I dont think you are right I think you are not right.,注意3：在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，或用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。,一Do you believe it will rain? 一I believe so. I dont believe so. (或I believe not.),（正确）,二、时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。,I know he - here .(live)I know he-here ten years ago .(live) I have heard that he -tomorrow .(come),lives,lived,will come,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who - here.(live) I saw she - her mother. (talk)He asked whether his father _ tomorrow. (come back)He said that he _ it .(see),lived,was talking with,had seen,would come back,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth -around the sun.（travel）,travels,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how could I get to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,Predicative Clauses 表语从句,表语从句Predictive Clause,That 引导的表语从句Wh-引导的表语从句3.Whether 引导的表语从句3.Because 引导的表语从句,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, as if/as though,when, where, how, why.because,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem,表语从句,* The question is we can rely on him.* Thats we were in need of money at that time .* Thats weve given you the letter.* Thats I was late .* The fact is I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand.* He looked he was going to cry .,whether,because,as if,why,that,why,1. that 引导的表语从句 连接词that 仅起连接作用，无意义，不作任何成分，通常不可省略。对主句主语的内容进一步解释。The fact is that we have lost the game.The problem is that we dont have money.,Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is who should come first. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.,2. what, which, who, whom, whose，where, when, why, how引导的表语从句。,（表语）,（主语）,（地点状语）,（原因状语）,（方式状语）,3. whether 引导的表语从句 whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”，在句中也不作任何成分。（注意：if不能引导表语从句) The question is whether the man will turn up in time.,4.表示原因的几种表语从句：The reason is that you havent written to me for a long time.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.,3) I was late. That was because I missed the train.4) I missed the train , this was why I was late. because + 原因That/This/It is /was why +结果,定语从句,注 意：,在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“if”。一般情况下，“that”不能省。 It /This/That is /was because .+原因 It/This/That is /was why.+结果 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /why,that .,1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it where B. there C. there where D. where there,4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what,7. The reason why he hasnt come is _. because his mother is ill because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill8. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how9.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why,Thank you!,Homework:,Find out the object clauses and predicative clauses in the first Reading THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE,2. Finish off the exercise on P51.,