2020托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略.doc

2020托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略 托福阅读考试中我们经常会遇到一类题目：直接事实题，也叫事实信息题。下面就和大家分享托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略1.选项排除法直接事实题的正确选项是可以和题干共同完成一个意群表述的内容，错误选项有三种情形：一种是和原文无关的选项，这种选项可能会出现原文题干讨论对象，但是陈述内容是编造出来的，原文中没有依据;一种是和题目无关选项，这种选项在原文中可以找到依据，但是并不能回答题干问题;还有一种是看上去是*内容，但是出现了一些臆断的比较级、最高级等信息。2.定位信息直接事实题的正确选项是可以和题干共同完成一个意群表述的内容，错误选项有三种情形：一种是和原文无关的选项，这种选项可能会出现原文题干讨论对象，但是陈述内容是编造出来的，原文中没有依据;一种是和题目无关选项，这种选项在原文中可以找到依据，但是并不能回答题干问题;还有一种是看上去是*内容，但是出现了一些臆断的比较级、最高级等信息。3.了解出题点直接事实题往往不会针对像是例子一类太过于细节的内容出题。在出题时，和上面所述出题过程对应，一种是对原文中某个原因的表述出题，将结果放在选项中备选;或者是将结果放在题干中，将原因放在选项中待选。还有一些情况，托福阅读直接事实题会对对比事物的优劣势进行考察;还有的题目会问到某个事件的发展过程、某个人物做的某件事情、某个时间段对应的事件等等。托福阅读真题原题+题目The observation of the skies has played a special part in the lives and cultures of peoples since the earliest of times. Evidence obtained from a site known as the Hole in the Rock, in Papago Park in Phoenix, Arizona, indicates that it might have been used as an observatory by a prehistoric people known as the Hohokam.The physical attributes of the site allow its use as a natural calendar/clock. The hole at Hole in the Rock is formed by two large overhanging rocks coming together at a point, creating a shelter with an opening large enough for several persons to pass through. The northeast-facing overhang has a smaller opening in its roof. It is this smaller hole that produces the attributes that may have been used as a calendar/clock.Because of its location in the shelters roof, a beam of sunlight can pass through this second hole and cast a spot onto the shelters wall and floor. This spot of light travels from west to east as the sun moves across the sky. It also moves from north to south and back again as the Earth travels around the Sun, the west-to-east movement could have been used to establish a daily clock, much like a sundial, while the north-to-south movement could have been used to establish a seasonal calendar.The spot first appears and starts down the surface of the wall of the shelter at different times of the morning depending on the time of the year. The spot grows in size from its first appearance until its maximum size is achieved roughly at midday. It then continues its downward movement until it reaches a point where it jumps to the floor of the shelter. As the Sun continues to move to the west, the spot continues to move across the shelter floor and down the butte, or hill, toward a group of small boulders. If a person is seated on a certain one of these rocks as the spot reaches it, the Sun can be viewed through the calendar hole. This occurs at different times in the afternoon depending on the time of year.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) observations of the stars by ancient people(B) rock formations of Arizona(C) a site used by ancient people to measure time(D) the movement of the earth around the Sun2. The word obtained in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) acquired(B) transported(C) covered(D) removed3. The word attributes in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) changes(B) characteristics(C) locations(D) dimensions4. The word its in line 10 refers to(A) roof(B) beam(C) hole(D) spot5. The word establish in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) create(B) locate(C) consult(D) choose6. Which of the following is NOT true of the spot of light?(A) It is caused by sunlight passing through a hole.(B) It travels across the roof of the shelter.(C) Its movement is affected by the position of the Sun.(D) It movement could have been used to estimate the time of day.7. From which of the following can be the time of year be determined?(A) The movement of the spot of light from west to east(B) The speed with which the spot of light moves(C) The movement of the spot of light from north to south(D) The size of the sport of light at midday8. The word roughly in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) finally(B) harshly(C) uneasily(D) approximately9. The passage mentions that the Hole in the Rock was used as all of the following EXCEPT(A) a calendar(B) a home(C) a clock(D) an observatory10. Which of the following can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?(A) The boulders are located below the rock shelter.(B) The person seated on the rock cannot see the shelter.(C) After it passes the boulders, the spot of light disappears.(D) The spot of light is largest when it first appears.PASSAGE 35 CABCA BCDBA托福阅读真题原题+题目Railroads reshaped the North American environment and reoriented North American behavior. In a quarter of a century, claimed the Omaha Daily Republican in 1883, they have made the people of the United States homogeneous, breaking through the peculiarities and provincialisms which marked separate and unmingling sections.The railroad simultaneously stripped the landscape of the natural resources, made velocity of transport and economy of scale necessary parts of industrial production, and carried consumer goods to households; it dispatched immigrants to unsettled places, drew emigrants away from farms and villages to cities, and sent men and guns to battle. It standardized time and travel, seeking to annihilate distance and space by allowing movement at any time and in any season or type of weather. In its grand and impressive terminals and stations, architects recreated historic Roman temples and public baths, French chateaus and Italian bell towers edifices that people used as stages for many of everyday lifes high emotions: meeting and parting, waiting and worrying, planning new starts or coming home.Passenger terminals, like the luxury express trains that hurled people over spots, spotlight the romance of railroading. (The twentieth-Century Limited sped between Chicago and New York in twenty hours by 1915). Equally important to everyday life were the slow freight trans chugging through industrial zones, the morning and evening commuter locals shuttling back ions and urban terminals, and the incessant comings and goings that occurred in the classifications, or switching, yards. Moreover, in addition to its being a transportation pathway equipped with a mammoth physical plant of tracks signals, crossings, bridges, and junctions, plus telegraph and telephone lines the railroad nurtured factory complexes, coat piles, warehouses, and generating stations, forming along its right-of-way what has aptly been called the metropolitan corridor of the American landscape.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The influence of ancient architecture on the design of railroad terminals(B) The importance of natural resources in the development of railroads(C) The railroads impact on daily life in the United States in the nineteenth century(D) Technological improvements in the area of communication in the nineteenth century2. It can be inferred from the quote from the Omaha Daily Republican (line 2-4) that railroads(A) made all sections of the nation much wealthier(B) brought more unity to what had been a fragmented nation(C) reduced dependence on natural resources(D) had no effect on the environment of the United States3. The word it in line 7 refers to(A) transport(B) scale(C) production(D) railroad4. The word drew in line 8 is closest(A) obliged(B) designed(C) helped(D) attracted5. The word annihilate in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) conquer(B) utilize(C) separate(D) mechanize6. The word Moreover in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) consequently(B) furthermore(C) although(D) because7. All of the following were true of impressive passenger terminals EXCEPT:(A) Their architecture was influenced by the architecture of Europe.(B) Luxury express trains traveled between them.(C) They were usually located in small towns.(D) They were important to many commuters.8. According to the passage , which type of development lined the area along the metropolitancorridor?(A) Stores and shopping areas(B) Recreational areas(C) Industrial(D) Agricultural9. The word aptly in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) appropriately(B) virtually(C) consistently(D) incessantly10. The author mentions the Twentieth-Century Limited as an example of(A) a freight train(B) a commuter train(C) a luxury train(D) an underground train11. The author gives a synonym for which of the following words?(A) homogeneous (line 3)(B) standardized (line 9)(C) temples (line 11)(D) classification(line 20)PASSAGE 42 CBDDA BCCAC D托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略