现在完成时语法练习课 新目标 课件.ppt

Welcome to our class,-现在完成时态,语法练习课,时态,不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式,已学习过的时态,1.v原形 2.v+s/es（三单现）,am/is/are+v-ing,1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/are going to +v原形,1.v-ed（规则动词）2.不规则动词,was/were+v-ing,判断下列句子的时态,1.She works in a factory.2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother ?,一般现在时,过去进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,动词的过去分词形式,1.规则动词2.不规则动词,finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stopped,Eg.,gowentgonesee-sawseenforgetforgot-forgotten,表示经历或经验。常与ever或never连用。如： Have you ever been to Hong Kong? Ive never traveled by air.,用 法,I have already written to her. She hasnt spent much time on it yet. 表示刚刚发生过的动作或事情，常与just连用。 They have just sent us a telegram. She has just come here.,表示最近发生的动作或情况。常与yet或already连用。如：,表示过去发生，目前还有可能仍在继续下去的动作或事情。常与since或for连用(动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示) E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China,for 和since的运用对比:,for: +一段时间 for two weeks for three years,since 过去的某一时刻 since then since last month 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since she left,注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.,He has been away for a week.,He has been away since last week.,对划线部分提问都用How long,现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有 区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现在完成时动词构成 have /has+v 过去分词,助动词,否定,haventhasnt,疑问,Have you?Has he?,1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,当有一个表示过去某时的状语时，不能用现在完成时，而多用一般过去时。 I saw Mary an hour ago. She lost her handbag yesterday .,Next,有些时间状语，既能用于现在完成时，又能用于一般过去时，但意义上有差别。Ive written three letters this morning.（说话时仍是上午）I wrote three letters this morning.（说话时仍是上午或晚上）,Next,现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去，一直延续到现在，而且还有可能继续延续下去；而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。 I have taught this class for ten years. （还在教） I taught this class for two years. （曾教过两年，现在不教了）,1.我们买这本书三年了.,We have had the book for three years.,2.他感冒三天了.,He has had a cold for three days.,We bought the book three years ago.,He caught a cold three days ago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换,3.我借的这本书一周多了.,I have kept the book for a week .,4.我成为一个学生两年多了.,I have been a student for over two years.,I borrowed the book a week ago.,I became a student two years ago.,5.Mr Black死了三年了。,Mr Black has been dead for three years.,Mr Black died three years ago.,重点句型:It is/ has been+段时间+since从句 段时间+has passed+ since从句,eg. 他死了两年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years /since two years ago It is/ has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died.注: 现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状yesterday,last year,in 1980,three days ago, just now,when I came in等连用,Pay attention 注意,1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间,( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语 ( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,不能是具体过去时间,B.just,already,yet,before/ ever,never 有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,eg. Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.,ever,just,already,yet,2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词. 英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续性的动词，二是短暂性动词。延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work,read,write,study等,短暂性动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come, go, buy, die, 等。表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或how long问句,I have bought this pen for two months.,I have had this pen for two months.,How long have you _ this pen.,had,The play has begun for an hour.,has been on for an hour.,结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.,1.直接用延续性动词 buy have catch(get) a cold have a cold borrowkeepCome/go /becomebe put on- wear,2.转换成be+名词 join the army be a soldierJoin the Party be a Party membergo to school be a student,3转换成be+形容词或副词 diebe dead finish be over beginbe on leavebe away fall sleep be asleep close be closed,4.转换成 be+介词短语 go to school be in school join the army be in the army,1.我们买这本书三年了.,We have had the book for three years.,2.他感冒三天了.,He has had a cold for three days.,We bought the book three years ago.,He caught a cold three days ago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句,Correcting,1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months.2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5 years.4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold?,have kept,has been in/ been a member of the army,since 5 years ago/ for 5 years,came,did,catch,6. Ten years have passed since they got married.7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.8.What time have the factory opened?9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice10, The dog has died for a month.,has,has been in,did,open,been to,been dead,改写句子,改写句子,1.My father came back from the bookshop just now. My father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001. He _ _ Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.He has had the motorbike for two years. Its two years _he _ the motorbike. He _ the motorbike two years _. Two years _ _ since he _ the motor bike,has,returned,from,has,learned,has been on,since,bought,bought,ago,has passed,bought,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.He_ (go) to America the year before last.2.-What _ you _(do)? -I _ (be) a teacher.3. Do you like _ (drink) milk?4.He _ _(not have) his supper yet.5.We _ (see) Uncle Li tomorrow.6.Joans mother often _ at four, now she _(cook)7.He _(read) a book when the accident _(happen).8._ (travel) by air is very fast9.Let us _ (wait) outside.10.The teacher told us _ (not talk) any more.,went,do do,am,drinking,hasnt had,are going to see,cooks,is cooking,was reading,happened,Traveling,wait,not to talk,思考Whats the difference between the blue words and the red ones?,Exercises,I am an American boy I came to China two years ago. I _(study) here for two years. My father often (take) me_ (play) football on the playground. Last week I _ (take) to the park by him. We saw a lot of monkeys (jump) in the tree. I heard a voice from behind When I (walk ) along the river. I thought myself. “It must_ (be) Mr. Brown. He _(take) photos.” We _ (enjoy) that day. We _ (go) back to America next week.,have studied,takes,to play,Was taken,was walking,jump,be,is taking,enjoyed,will go,