高二英语选修6第一单元语法ppt课件.ppt

Welcome you!,虚拟语气,The Subjunctive Mood,语气是动词的一种形式。它表示说话者对所指的动作或状态所持的态度,而且在谓语动词上有所体现。语气分三种:陈述语气;祈使语气;虚拟语气。,1. 陈述语气多见于大多数句子里, 用来陈述事实或就事实提出询问, 广泛用于陈述句和疑问句中。 He could swim, but he didnt jump into the water to save the boy.2. 祈使语气仅用于祈使句中,表示说话人向对方提出请求,劝告或命令。 Shut the window before leaving.3. 虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况,或是一种愿望，建议或与事实相反的假设等。 If I were a bird, I should fly in the sky.,一虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用二虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用三. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用四. 虚拟语气在表语从句与同位语从句中的 使用五. 虚拟语气在状语从句中的使用六. 几种特殊的虚拟语气,If we _ time now, we _ it again. (have; read)If I _ his advice, I _ such a mistake. (take; not make)If she _ tomorrow, I _ her for help. (come; ask),一虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用,had,would read,had taken,would not have made,should come,would ask,动词的过去式（动词be用were),现在,had +过去分词,动词过去式,should, would, might, could动词原形,should, would,might, couldhave +过去分词,were to+ 动词 原形,将来,过去,should,would,might,could动词原形,should +动词原形,1._, he would have succeeded in the examination. A. Had he worked hard B. If he worked hard C. If he works hard D. If he has worked hard2._, I would go there myself. A. Were I you B. I were you C. If I had been you D. Had I been you,1.在if引导的非真实条件句中，if可以省略，但是要提前had, were, should,A. Had he worked hard,A. Were I you,1.But for John, we _ the match last week. A. would have lost B. would lose C. had lost D. lost2.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored,2某些介词without/but for/under/with等或 otherwise/but/or等表示含蓄条件，需用虚拟语气。这是含蓄虚拟条件句.,A. would have lost,D. would have scored,3当主句的动作和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，需用混合虚拟条件句表示。这时就应该把从句和主句分开来看,根据各自谓语发生时间的不同,采用相应的形式.,1.If he _ his legs yesterday, he _ the Summer Palace with us now.A. hadnt hurt; would visitB. hadnt hurt; would have visitedC. didnt hurt; would visitD. didnt hurt; would have visited2.If I had studied English last year, I _ able to speak it now.A.would have been B. should beC. had been D. was,A. hadnt hurt; would visit,B. should be,二虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用,1.My father was strict. He requested that I _television on week nights. mustnt watch B. not watchC. couldnt watch D. dont watch2.Marys uncle insists_ in this hotel.A. not staying B. not to stayC. that he not stay D. staying not3.His smiling face suggested that he _really satisfied with all this.A. had been B. wasC. be D. should be,B. not watch,C. that he not stay,B. was,1.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 四条建议suggest, advise, propose,recommend;六项要求demand, request, require,( ask, urge, desire,)注意: suggest表“暗示表明”时,insist表“坚持认为”时不用虚拟语气,1.How I wish I _ a doctor, and I _ the dyinggirl.A .am; can save B .was; saveC .were; could save D .will be; will save2.-Can you come to attend our party tonight? -Sorry, but I wish I _ .had B. canC.should D. could,2.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could+do,C .were; could save,D. could,1.Its a pity that he _ so careless.was B. will beC. should be D. can be2.Its necessary that the application forms_ back before the deadline.must be sent B. would be sentC. be sent D. were sent3.It is strange that he _ in such a voice.A. could speak B. should speakC. spoke D. speaks,三. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用,C. should be,C. be sent,B. should speak,基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that+(should)+动词原形+过去分词suggested, requested, ordered, proposed, demanded, arranged, desired,advised2. It be+形容词+that+(should)+动词原形+形容词:important, necessary, natural, right, wrong, better, proper, funny, strange, surprising 3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that+ (should)+动词原形+,1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. triesC. must try D. can try2.His proposal is that all the students _ to see the film.not to go B. not goC. didnt go D. never to go,四. 虚拟语气在表语从句与同位语从句中的使用,在 suggestion, proposal, order, decision, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。,A. try,B. not go,五. 虚拟语气在状语从句中的使用,1.He often speaks too much as if he _ everything.A. knows B. had knownC. knew D. has known2.I remember the story as though I _ . just read it B. have just read itC. had just read it D. were just reading it,as if/as though(同wish),过去完成时 对过去虚拟一般过去时(be为were) 对现在虚拟would /could +动词原形 对将来虚拟,C. knew,C. had just read it,1.Even if I _ with you then, I _ much for you.would be; would not dowere; should not have donehad been; would not doD.had been; should not have been2.Even though he _ here, he could not solve the problem.A. was B. were C. had been D. has been,even if / even though 引导的让步状语从句,若表示与事实相反,其动词用虚拟语气形式,主从句中的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同.,D.had been; should not have been,B. were,1.He took away the oxygen tank for fear that it _. A. may explore B. exploded C. explode D. had explode2.Lest anyone _ think it strange, let me assure you that it is quite true. A. should B. shall C. will D. may,用在lest(惟恐,免得), for fear that(以免,为防止起见)和in case引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用should/might+动词原形,有时lest, for fear that 后的should可省。,C. explode,A. should,六. 几种特殊的虚拟语气,1.Dont always make a noise. Id rather you _silent.A. keep B. can keepC. kept D. to keep2.I dont think it is the right time that you _.A. will go B. went C. go D. must go3.If only I _ as brave as you are!being B. was C. be D. were 4.I _ to meet Mr. Thompson this morning, but I found nobody left in the room when I came. A. hoped B. had hoped C. hoping D. have hoped,C. kept,B. went,D. were,B. had hoped,would rather + do something(宁愿做某事),would rather+ 句子(虚拟),过去完成时 对过去虚拟一般过去时 对现在虚拟一般过去时 对将来虚拟,2.动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want等的过去完成式表示过去想做而没做成的.,1.,3.If only引导的感叹句,谓语构成与wish相同.,It is (high, about) time that,一般过去时,should + 动词原形,此处的should一般不省略,4.,5.虚拟语气也常用于”if it were (had been) not for ”句型中,意为”要不是.”If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today.If it were not for the fact that she cant sing, I would invite her to the party.,EXERCISES,1.Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2.If I knew you were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have met3. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get,A,C,C,4.I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent5. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given6. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone,B,C,B,