TI 电容隔离技术详解课件.ppt

Capacitive IsolationA Technical Overview,Temperature,The RealWorld,Pressure,Position,Speed,Flow,Humidity,Sound,Light,TRANSCEIVERSRS-485/ CAN,Signal Isolation,What is Isolation?,Galvanic isolation: Although Circuit 1 and Circuit 2 exchange signals, no current (electrons) pass from Circuit 1 to Circuit 2.Why is isolation required in electrical systems: Break ground loops Reduce common mode noise Safety from high voltages,Why Isolation?Ground Loops,More than one conductive path between two circuits creates a ground-loop Multiple ground paths may lead to unintended equalization currents,Ground loop can be broken by Disconnecting the grounds Common-mode chokes Frequency selective grounding Differential amplifiers Galvanic isolatorsOnly galvanic isolation provides protection for very large potential differences,Why Isolation?Common Mode Noise,Signals referencedto GND1,Basic/Functional Isolationvs. Reinforced Isolation,“An improved basic insulation with such mechanical and electrical properties that, in itself, the insulation provides the same degree of protection against electrical shock as double insulation. It may consist of one or more layers of insulation material.” UL-60950-1,Basic/Functional Isolationvs. Reinforced Isolation (contd),When is Reinforced required:6kVpp systems (e.g. 600V IGBTs/FETs)Today: all Medical applications (5kVrms!) Future: Medical applications for isolation from the patientNote: this is not complete and subject to change. Exceptions may apply!,Applications utilizing Isolation,Primary Task:Isolation between High-Power and Control SignalsIsolation of Bus-Nodes to prevent Corruption of the complete Bus & Common Mode Rejection,Industrial: RoboticsPLC input/output isolationIndustrial networksMotor controlPower supplies,Applications utilizing Isolation,Communications:PBX (Private Branch Exchange) and central officeTelephone terminal equipmentTelephone switching equipmentModemsISDNEthernet / PoE,Medical:Microwave therapyPatient monitoringElectrocardiographsDefibrillators,Primary Task:Medical:Isolation between Power and PatientCommunications:Isolation between Power and CallerIsolation of Bus-Nodes to prevent Corruption of the complete Bus,Consumer Electronics:Video (TV, VCR, etc.)Plasma displaysElectronic gamingHome appliances,Applications utilizing Isolation,Computers & Office EquipmentIsolated I/OPrinters and plottersFax machines,Primary Task:Isolation between High-Power and User,Nomenclatures / Definitions (1/3),Operation Voltage:Voltage that may be applied continuously across the Isolation barrier, mostly 560Vpk or 890VpkTransient Voltage:Voltage that may occur temporarily across the barrier (tested per VDE for 1 minute), mostly 4kVpk (relates to 3kVrms per UL, as tested for 10s only) or 6kVpkSurge VoltageSingle event surge, with the assumption that all effects have been recovered from prior to another surge-event, mostly rated for a 10kV single peak.,Nomenclatures / Definitions (2/3),Basic / Functional Isolation:Assumes a single level of isolation with a certain strength. Applicable for most applications in industrial for fieldbusses and AC-equipment up to 400Vrms, and for consumer electronics. Mostly rated at 560Vpk continuous, 4kVpk transient voltage.Reinforced / Double Isolation:Double Isolation assumes a two-level isolation with a certain strength each. Reinforced addresses a single level of isolation that, however, provides the same reliability as the two-layer. Applicable for most medical applications and AC-equipment above 400Vrms. Mostly rated at 890Vpk continuous, 6kVpk transient , 10kV surge voltage. Medical needs 5kVrms transient.Intrinsically safe Applications demand double isolation.Note: the End-equipment-standard (e.g. IEC-60950 for communications or IEC-60601-1 for medical) dictates what is needed on silicon level,Nomenclatures / Definitions (3/3),Common Mode Transient Suppression:Discusses the quick change in Reference potential primary to secondary. Its given as the dU/dt up to which no false toggeling of the output will occur (e.g. 35kV/us). Usually scales linearly with Vcc.Creepage and ClearanceDiscusses the surface-distance that may conduct if wet/polluted, respectively the air-distance. For 560V/4kV mostly 4mm is sufficient, for 890V/6kV mostly 8mm is needed. Depends on pollution degree,5 Questions, to allow educated solution-proposalsIsolation strength: basic/reinforced?Isolation voltage: 4kVpeak, 560Vpeak continuos / 6kVpeak, 890V peak continous?Stand-alone isolation or integration (Transceiver, Gate-Driver, Data-Converter)?Supply Voltages?Channel-count?,New Generation Capacitive Isolation,High voltage capacitor,Isolator construction,Creepage distance: Shortest distance between two conductive input to output leads measured along surface of insulation.,Clearance distance: Shortest distance between two conductive input to output leads measured through air (line of sight).,Note: Package-changed and now allows 8.3mm min !,Actual Die-Picture,Its all capacitive,All isolated couplers can be modeled as I/O and capacitive coupled (active or parasitic),Source: TI App note SLLA198 ,Timing parameters,Competitive ComparisonReliability (1/2),Competitive ComparisonReliability (2/2),Sample size / failures: ISO721: 45447 / 0; ADuM1201: 35411 / 1; HCPL-0721: 160 / 0,Competitive ComparisonMagnetic Immunity,IEC 61000-4-81KHz Field Frequency106 x higher Immunity than ADUM1100,Source: TI App note SLLA181A ,(Click on above link for web info),E-field immunity Test Report,E-field immunity Test Report,Magnetic,ISO7221C,1Mbps: Comparison of Radiated Noise Spectrum Antenna Horizontal,Magnetic: 1Mbps operation 5V Vcc,ISO7221: 1Mbps operation 5V Vcc,EN55022 Class B Radiations Testing,25Mbps: Comparison of Radiated Noise Spectrum Antenna Horizontal,Magnetic: 25Mbps operation 5V Vcc,ISO7221: 25Mbps operation 5V Vcc,EN55022 Class B Radiations Testing,Competitive Comparison High Voltage Lifetime,Source: TI App note SLLA197 ,Competitive Comparison High Voltage LifetimeUsing widely accepted E-Model methodology,ADUM1100,ISO72x,ISO72x: Life expectancy is 28 years at 560Vpeak or 400Vrms,Competition: Life expectancy 10 years,240parts since 12/15/05 1000Vrms0 fails after 30kh,Icc Comparison,Figure of Merritt:Bandwidth per Supply Current,Competitive Comparison Power Up/Down,TI Makes Isolators Easy to Use,Get Started TodayEvaluation modulesSamplesApplications supportIBIS modelsData sheetsTechnical documentationApplication notes on:High-Voltage LifetimeMagnetic Field ImmunityISO72x Family of Digital IsolatorsComplements TIs industrial product portfolio: interface, data converter, DSP, MCU, amplifier, power & logic,Isolated Products Stand-Alone,Singles,Triples,Quads,Duals,ISO7240A/C/MISO7241A/C/MISO7242A/C/M,ISO7230A/C/MISO7231A/C/M,ISO7220A/B/C/MISO7221A/B/C/M,ISO721/MISO722/M,Triples,Quads,Duals,ISO7440MISO7441M,ISO7430MISO7431M,ISO7420MISO7421M,ISO7640MISO7641M,ISO7630MISO7631M,ISO7620MISO7621M,560Vpk (cont)4kV pk (transient),890Vpk+ (cont)6kV pk (transient)10kV (surge, tbc),Available today,Low-Power-versions, pin-compatible with ISO72xx,560Vpk (cont); 4kV pk (transient),(Click on Product for more information),Isolated Products Integrated,2nd order D-S Modulator (4kV),AMC120310MHz,ISO1176, ISO308x,ISO1x, ISO3x,Isolated Transceivers RS-485,(Click on Product for more information),2nd order D-S Modulator (6kV),AMC120420MHz,Isolated RS-485Transceiverwith Integrated Transformer Driver,ISO1177,RTM: 1Q10Samples: 1Q10,Isolated CAN Transceiver,ISO1050,Preview,Cross-Reference to ADI,See ESP under “product family presentations” in the isolation product-folders:,Continued (also in speaker notes),Single Channel Signal Isolators:ISO72x,4000Vpeak Isolation560Vpeak continuousSignaling Rate Options (ISO721B: 5Mbps, ISO721: 100Mbps, ISO721M: 150 Mbps)UL 1577, IEC 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884, Rev. 2), IEC 61010-1 and CSA Approved3.3V/5V Operation (any combination)25 kV/s Transient Immunity and High Electromagnetic ImmunityFailsafe Output and High Impedance at Input and Output with Low Vcc,Multi-Channel Stand-alone Isolators: Duals,x designates speed option: A = 1Mbps; B = 5Mbps; C = 25Mbps; M = 150Mbps,Multi-Channel Stand-alone Isolators: Triples,x,x,x designates speed option: A = 1Mbps; C = 25Mbps; M = 150MbpsAll in DW package,x,x,Multi-Channel Stand-alone Isolators: Quad-channel,x designates speed option: A = 1Mbps; C = 25Mbps; M = 150MbpsAll in DW package,x,x,x,Isolated 485 Transceivers,ISO308x, ISO1x, ISO3x “Standard RS-485”3.3V and 5V half-duplex and full-duplex (176 and 180 configuration)1Mbpsand25Mbpsno IDODE output,ISO1176 : Isolated RS/485 ProfiBus 5V half-duplex 25Mbps optimized for Profibus-Applications ISODE available,Isolated CAN Transceiver,ISO1050 5V CAN transceiverISO11898 compliant 3.3V/5V isolated logic interface High EM Immunity15kV/us transient immunityBus fault protection of -27V to 40VDominant timeout functionThermal Shutdown protectionHigh Input impedance with low Vcc 1Mbps,ISO 485 with Transformer Driver Simple Complete Solution - ISO1177 / ISO37 / ISO3088,_,1Mbps / 20Mbps /40Mbps1/8 Unit load 256 nodes on a busGlitch-Free Failsafe (Open, Shorted, Idle)Silicon Integrated SiO2 Insulator4kVpk / 2500Vrms Isolation, 560V working / operatingUL1577, IEC 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884, rev. 2), IEC 61010-1 & CSA pending,EVM ISO1177EVM / ISO37EVM / ISO3088EVM,Low-Cost Isolated Power Supply,_,Low-Cost ( $5.50)High Efficiency (87%)Regulated Output (Short-Circuit Protected)For Isolation Transformers (1kV 6kV)Vin = 3.3V 10%Adjustable Vout from 3.3V to 5.0VIout-max = 700mA 3.3V, or 200mA 5V,Power Management Productsby Texas Instruments,Single and dual outputsDual-in-line, gull-wing, small-outline (SO), and SIP packagingUp to 3000V isolationShort-circuit protectionThermal protectionDevice-to-device synchronization-40 to +85 C temp rangeSurface-mount devices in tape and reel,AMC1203: single isolated modulator for shunt resistorsADS1204/5: dual/quad non-isolated modulator for magnetic sensorsADS1208: single non-isolated modulator with excitation for Hall sensorsAMC1210: quad programmable digital filter for modulators,Current Measurement Applications,AMC1210,AMC1203,ADS1205,ADS1208,LOAD,