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    英语单词音节划分规律ppt课件.ppt

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    英语单词音节划分规律ppt课件.ppt

    Welcome to our class,音节的划分,英语单词在发音的时候,不是一个字母一个字母地来发音的,而是几个字母几个字母地拼起来发音的,因此英语单词叫“拼音文字”,几个拼起来发音的字母叫一个“音节”。音节有开音节、闭音节、半开音节之分,不同的音节里,要选择字母的不同发音。China(中国)Chi-nainternational(国际的)in-ter-na-tion-al English(英语)Eng-lish,一条蛇的结构是头、肚子、尾巴,一个英语音节的样子也与此相似,一个英语音节包括音节头、音节中、音节尾:音节头 + 音节中 + 音节尾,音节头:指字母表中的辅音字母及辅音组合字母。音节中:指字母表中的元音字母及元音组合字母。音节头:指字母表中的辅音字母及辅音组合字母。,一般的,四种音节: 1)元音 单中音节:(头尾都缺)I , a, o, or, ear, are 2)元音+辅音 中尾音节:(缺头) at, am, of, old, egg, art, aid, eight 3)辅音+元音 头中音节:(缺尾) he, me, go, so, she, far, door, sea, 4)辅音+元音+辅音头中尾音节:(头尾都不缺) 一个音节至少有一个元音字母。即a,e,i,o,或u,有时也可以是y。一般的有多少个元音(元音组合)就有多少个音节。例如:refuse,uncomfortable, jumping,avoided,garlic,forty,音节划分:,元音是构成音节的主体,辅音是音节的分界线。两辅音之间不管有多少个元音,一般都是一个音节。先找元音去尾e,一个元音一音节。元音相连听音定,加上头尾是整体。,音节划分口诀:,一靠后,二分手,多个中间偏左右,组合字母算一个,常见组合要遵守。词尾看e加音节,发音不发分两种,双字相连不连手,听音验证最后头,解释意外不发愁。,一靠后:,当两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时(r除外),一般把它划分给后面的音节当头。如ago,be-gin,a-bout chi-na,wa-ter,ma-ny,ago begin about china water many练习:reason,later,ability,never,native,heavy,二分手:,当两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母时,一般把它们分开,一边一个.如:in-side, dif-fet,com-mon, at-tach,can-not练习:number,problem,doctor,compare,treatment,after。,多个中间偏左右:,当两个元音字母之间有三个以上辅音字母时,中间的辅音字母要么划分给前面的音节当尾,要么划分给后面的音节当头。如:in-stead,suc-cess-ful,tran-sport,in-clude, im-prove,con-gress。,组合字母算一个,常见组合要遵守:,英语里有一些字母常常组合在一起,但它们不像固定组合字母那样发一个音,而是各发各的音,如tr,dr,pr,pl,fr,cl,ch,ck,sh,sp,st, sk, scr, gr,tion,ly,ble,al等组合字母在划分音节时一般不拆开,把它们划分在一起,尊重它们的常见组合习惯。如:re-try,o-ther,con-tract,as-tro-no-my,cen-tral,tech-no-lo-gy,quick-ly。,词尾看e加音节,发音不发分两种:,*单词尾加er、est、ing等第一个元音字母肯定发音的词尾时,通常增加一个音节,并且把单词尾的辅音字母“抢”过来当音节头。如 Smal-ler,smal-lest,lon-ger,lon-gest,li-ving,wa-tching。*单词尾加s、es、d、ed这四个词尾时,要看e增加音节。若e需要发音间隔则增加一个音节;若e不需要发音间隔则不增加音节。,词尾看e加音节,发音不发分两种:,单词尾加s、es、d、ed这四个词尾时,要看e增加音节。若e需要发音间隔则增加一个音节;若e不需要发音间隔则不增加音节。如 nose加s成为noses,e发i:来间隔两个s的发音;box加es成为boxes,e发i:来间隔x和s的发音size加s成为sizes,e发i:来间隔z和s的发音:work加ed成为worked,k、d发音差别明显,不需要e间隔;like加s成为likes,k、s发音差别明显,不需要e间隔;live加s成为lives,v、s发音差别明显,不需要e间隔:,双字相连不连手:,英语里有很多单词是由两个单词连起来构成的,如rest-room, it-self,how-ever这种情况下两个单词一般分开发音,不合并。若两个单词的头尾相接字母是字母表里的固定组合字母, 如 rest-room中间的tr,it-self中间的ts,一般也要拆开发音,不合并。,有声验证最后头,解释意外不发愁。,不确定或有疑惑的单词! 根据音标验证,读一读! 几个音节就很明了啦!,r,如果是“元音r元音” ,属于一个音节,但这不是 -r 音节。如 -are, -ere, -ire, -ore, -ure 称作 -re 音节;别的情况称作含字母 r 的音节。如果两个元音字母中间有两个辅音字母,第一个是r,这两个辅音字母,也分别划入左右两个音节。第一个音节(左边那个音节)称为r音节,按重读r音节读音规则发音。例如: corner,portrait,harbor,barber如果两个元音(以及y)中间有两个r的话分别划入也分别划入左右两个音节。左边那个音节不构成r音节,按重读闭音节读音规则发音。例如:carry,berry,mirror,sorry,hurry.,Thank You,Vowels(元音) -pure vowels(单元音),后元音: /u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/,/,例词: foot wood book push短语: good cook good book couldnt look pudding without sugar,/:/,例词: fork ball morning airport短语: four balls score board morning glory sports reporter,/- /,例词: cock shop job hospital短语: hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot,/:/,例词: car garden star guitar短语: fast car half mast heart transplant stars and bars,Vowels(元音) -diphthongs(双元音),/e/, /a/, /, /, /a/, /, /e/, /,/e/-/ei/,例词: face rain cake wait短语: eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail,/a/-/ai/,例词: sky kite write bicycle短语: white lie high tide eye for eye silent night,/-/i/,例词: boy boil noise coin短语: a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyces boyfriend,/-/v/,例词:coast throw boat toe短语: Joes coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball,/a/-/av/,例词: cow house mouth trousers短语: shout out brown mouse down town round lounge,/-/i/,例词: ear queer zero beard短语: the atmosphere here queer skier weary mountaineer experienced engineer,/e/-/,例词: hair bare pear chair短语: millionaires heir mayors parents square chairs careful librarian,/-/v/,例词: tour poor jury gourd短语: poor tourists tour from China furious jury European gourd,Consonants(辅音) -plosives(爆破音),/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/,/p/,例词: pig pot pond plan短语: pick up a pepper pot a piece of pork a pen and a pencil,/b/,例词: bus bed bench brush短语: Big Ben a big bottle beautiful blouses blue butterflies,/t/,例词: tie taxi tap telephone短语: tit for tat tip of the tongue flat foot tale-teller,/d/,例词: door doctor head wind短语: darling daughter dark red played cards listened to the radio,/k/,例词: car duck clock park短语: the back of the car ask question a quarter to six cool as cucumber,/g/,例词: bag dog goat grape短语: good girl go to the grocers as good as gold get angry,Consonants(辅音) -fricatives(摩擦音),/f/, /v/, /, /, /s/, /z/, /, /, /h/, /, /, /r/,/f/,例词: laugh fat fish family短语: fresh fruit fast food soft sofa feel fine,/v/,例词: vet village volcano television短语: lovely view village vet leaving arriving leaves of the vine,/,例词: tooth month thin thirsty短语: three thousand Marthas birthday healthy author thirty mathematicians,/,例词: father breathe that feather短语: smooth leather get together better than others another brother,/s/,例词: sun small horse bicycle短语: sleep soundly expensive cigarettes some books sit in the sun,/z/,例词: zoo prize bees nose短语: jazz music close the windows these days zero animal,/,例词: fish sugar shoe shop短语: fashion shops friendship association British shoes washing machine,/,例词: garage pleasure measure collision短语: an unusual collision measure a garage a great decision my pleasure,/h/,例词: hat hard hen high 短语: heart and hand high heels head-to-head happy honeymoon,/,例词: cheek chicken church watch短语: Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much,/,例词: jeep jug orange bridge 短语: a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine orange juice,/r/,例词: rose lorry rubber rocket短语: American waitress a married secretary grown up children French restaurant,Consonants(辅音) -nasals(鼻音),/m/, /n/, /,/m/,例词: moon home medicine mountain短语: man-made make a mistake come tomorrow middle name,/n/,例词: neck tin night noise短语: neat brandy a negative answer telephone number harden the neck,/,例词: ink ring sing monkey短语: ring-ding rising diphthong strong string playing ping-pang,Consonants(辅音) -lateral(舌侧音),/l/,例词: black light jelly lemon短语: early for lunch leg of lamb a glass of lemonade yellow jelly,/l/,Consonants(辅音) -semi-vowels(半元音),/j/, /w/,/j/,例词: yellow yacht yolk year短语: yolk yellow new years day new York university a tough onion,/w/,例词: week whale win window 短语: weight watcher weave a web weeping willow wet wind,Consonants(辅音) -fricatives(摩擦音),/ts/, /dz/, /tr/, /dr/,/ts/,students coats cats boats,/dz/,heads reads beds hands,/tr/,tree truck train trace,/dr/,dress drink drain dream,Read the following:,/lait/ /main/ /sain/ /nail/lit/ /min/ /si/ /nil/,/mai/ /laim/ /kait/ /gaid/mei/ /leim/ /keit/ /geit/,/it/ /mis/ /pin/ /lik/et/ /mes/ /pen/ /lend/,/si:/ /gi:s/ /ki:p/ /bi:t/sez/ /ges/ /kept/ /bed/,/si:k/ /pi:p/ /mi:t/ /di:d/seik/ /peid/ /meit/ /deiz/,/et/ /sed/ /beg/ /pek/t/ /sd/ /bg/ /pk/,Read the following:,Read the following:,/u/ /nut/ /nt/uz/ /s/smuk/ /fk/,/s/ /si:m/ /i:m/sin/ /in/sed/ /eft/,/ /z/i:/ /zi:/ /is/ /zip/en/ /zed/,pp pen picture jeep map t t ten two boat meetbb bike bus book box dd desk down bird goodkk cake Kate thank clock g g good girl egg bags s sit see yes class z z is his these zero,Read the following:,blue ruler too school up bus number under,he hat here hill,red right brown room,yes you your yellow,we woman where white,/u:/,/,/h/,/r/,/j/,/w/,Guessing Game:,bike sitnice Missfind hillfive this,lookhellofloorfamily,mymapamgame,ninenewtenson,morningwrongthinkthank,/ai/,/i/,/l/,/m/,/n/,/,nogo sooldhomethoserose,boxfoxnotdogpotclocksorry,finefivefourfamilyfacefloorfriend,verysevenhavelovegloveovereleven,thinthinkthankthreethirteenthirtytenth,thisthatthesethosetherefathermother,/ u /,/ /,/f/,/v/,/,/,Homework,Practise reading the IPA at your spare time!,Thank You,

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