肯尼迪就职演讲历史背景ppt课件.pptx

,The historical background of John Kennedys inaugural address,Abstract,When Kennedy delivered his inaugural address, the strength of Soviet union grew in U.S.-Soviet hegemony(美苏争霸), movement of African American civil rights was hot,and America was in the fourth economic crisis after the war.At this time,there was a serious conflict between the rich and the poor. In general election, Kennedy proposed the strategy of development of science and economy, and advocated peace in two relationships. Since he was young and prestigious, American voted for him one after another.,International situation,Domestic politics,Peace strategy,Economy,CONTENTS,International situation,Part 01,Cold War,The strength of Soviet union grew in U.S.-Soviet hegemony, the gap between The US and The SU was narrower, the United States was at a disadvantage in its rivalry with the Soviet union.,Transformed “containment policy”(遏制政策) in the eastern Europe into emancipation policy. (解放政策) The Eisenhower(艾森豪威尔主义) proposed to contend with the Soviet union in the struggle for the sovereignty in the third world. The recovery and development of economy in Western Europe resulted in the reinforcement of independence from the United States.,The unity of the western world led by the United States began to split.,The united socialist camp disappeared.,Khrushchev(赫鲁晓夫) adopted an active hegemony policy . A flexible attitude on nuclear test and disarmament issues. Eastern European countries wanted to get rid of Soviet control.,The rapid growth of Western Europe and Japan, and the rose of Asia and Africa,frustrated Americas global expansion.,USA,Russia,Domestic politics,Part 02,Due to the progress of industrialization, a large number of them flowed into cities.,African-Americans were the largest ethnic group in the United States, they have suffered from racial discrimination in long time and positioned at the bottom class of society.,The issue of their status was becoming a national problem.,African-American Civil Rights Movement(1955-1968),Economy,Part 03,The United States had its fourth post-war recession. Dollar crisis appeared at first in February of 1960. The substantial depreciation of the dollar, the cyclical downturn in economy in US, severely hit the three pillars in U.S. economic industry, they were steel industry, automobile industry and construction industry, agricultural crisis was also deepening at the same time.,dilemma,raise interest rates and deflate the currency,it would worsen the overcapacity crisis,lower interest rates and inflation,it would exacerbate the dollar crisis,A,B,Peace strategy,Part 04,As the number of international communist movement was on the rise, The Soviet union pushed forward Global hegemony strategy ,but the United States was in the Vietnam war. Therefore, Soviet union expended its sphere of influence, finally made the contrast between the United States and the strength contrast of two sides changed.,Kennedys peace strategy was based on military strength, proposing the improvement of status of the western Allies by a peaceful way.,In the relationship with the Soviet union and other socialist countries, they would promote the peaceful evolution(和平演变),In order to strengthen the infiltration and expansion of the third world, so as to establish the dominance of the United States in the world.,THANKS,