罗伯特·弗罗斯特的人生及作品ppt课件.ppt

Robert Frost(1874-1963),Life and Writing Career,was born in San Francisco, but he came of New England stockHis ancestors for nine generations lived in Massachusetts. When he was 10 years old, his father died. moved back to New England where his mother taught to earn a living. Frost entered college twice, once in Harvard University.After he got married, he did various jobs in order to support the family.He taught and farmed for 12 years.,Nature and rural surroundings became for Frost a source for insights into deeper design of life. He once said: Literature begins with geography.,Frosts manuscript of a poem from A Boys Will (1915),Frost in Franconia, N.H., 1915,Life and Writing Career,Then he moved to England, where he published his first book of poems: A Boys Will at the age of 39.In 1912 Frost sold his farm and took his wife and four young children to England. .,1914,It was followed by NORTH BOSTON (1914), which gained international reputation. The collection contains some of Frosts best-known poems: Mending Wall, The Death of the Hired Man, Home Burial, A Servant to Servants, After Apple-Picking, and The Wood-Pile.The poems, written with blank verse or looser free verse of dialogue, were drawn from his own life, recurrent losses, everyday tasks, and his loneliness.,With the great success, he went back to U.S.A and settled on a New Hampshire farm.Continued his poetry writing and became a professor at Harvard.His main works include:Mountain Interval (山间)， West-Running Brook(西流的小溪) In the clearing (林间空地)awarded Pulitzer Prize for four times,1920,His wife died in 1938 and he lost four of his children. Two of his daughters suffered mental breakdowns, and his son Carol, a frustrated poet and farmer, committed suicide. Frost also suffered from depression and the continual self-doubt led him to cling to the desire to be awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. After the death of his wife, Frost became strongly attracted to Kay Morrison, whom he employed as his secretary and adviser. Frost also composed for her one of his finest love poems, A Witness Tree.,The Road Not Taken,Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claims, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that passing there Had worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and II took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.,Themes :无限美景在险峰世上本没有路，走的人多了变成了路。路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。“人，最宝贵的是生命。生命对每个人只有一次。这仅有的一次生命应当怎样度过呢？每当回忆往事的时候，能够不为虚度年华而悔恨，不因碌碌无为而羞耻；在临死的时候，他能够说：我的整个生命和全部精力，都已经献给了世界上最壮丽的事业为人类解放而进行的斗争.”Structure :each has a rhyme scheme of abaab,Fire and Ice,FiredesireIcehate,Mending Wall,1.What kinds of walls can you see in our daily life?2. What are walled out and what are walled in?3. Do you agree that “good fences make good neighbors.”?,The strength of Mending Wall, one of Frosts most often quoted poems, rests upon a contradiction. Its two famous lines oppose each other. The poem maintains that: Something there is that doesnt love a wall.But it also insists: Good fences make good neighbours.,The contradiction is logical, for the opposing statements are uttered by two different types of people and both are right. Man cannot live without walls, boundaries, limits and particularly self-limitations; yet he resents all bonds and is happy at the downfall of any barrier. In Mending Wall the boundary line is useless: There where it is we do not need the wall.And, to emphasize the point, the speaker adds playfully: He is all pine and I am apple orchard. My apple trees will never get across And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.,Some readers have found far-reaching implications in this poem. They have found that it states one of the greatest problems of our time: whether national walls should be made stronger for our protection, or whether they should be let down, since they cramp our progress toward understanding and eventual brotherhood. Other readers have read Mending Wall as a symbolic poem.,In the voices of the two men the younger, new-fashioned speaker and the old-fashioned farmer who replies with his one determined sentence, his inherited maxim -some readers hear the clash of two forces: the spirit of revolt, which challenges tradition, and the spirit of restraint, which insists that conventions must be upheld, built up and continually rebuilt, as a matter of principle. The contradiction is the heart of the poem. It answers itself in the paradox of people, in neighbors and competitors, in the contradictory nature of man.,Frosts writing features,1. Focus on mental conflicts of modern men, unlike the modern poets, they reflected the incapability, weariness, boringness, and so on. Frost does not deprive the natural color totally. He is different, giving us beautiful images about modern men and nature. 2. regional poeta. local color, new England scenery b. closely concerned about farmers life, nature c. wrote in a very traditional way, language is always conversational,themes,He is more concerned with his contemplation on nature, and the relationship between nature and man. These thematic concerns include the beauty, terror and tragedy in nature, as well as the loneliness and poverty of the isolated human being.,3. philosophical poet Frosts subject matter was New England life and farming, but underneath the descriptions of country life there is often a deeper and wider meaning, some experience and truth about life. When he is expressing his thought, he is not very radical, but neutral in expressing the opinion. He is not inclined to take sides confronting paradoxes of life. He seems to be very calm and controlled. He did not stoop to answer, to explain and leave the readers to draw their own conclusion.,4. Robert Frosts achievement in poetic form is his combination of the traditional verse pattern and a colloquial distinctive language. His language is free from the old-fashioned poetical words. It is the speech of New England speakers. The incorporation of the traditional form and regional colloquial language makes a fresh voice of his poems and is characteristic of his poetry.,Poems,5. Frosts poems show deep appreciation of natural world and sensibility about the human aspirations. His images - woods, stars, houses, brooks, - are usually taken from everyday life. With his down-to-earth approach to his subjects, readers found it is easy to follow the poet into deeper truths, without being burdened with pedantry. Often Frost used the rhythms and vocabulary of ordinary speech or even the looser free verse of dialogue.,All poetry is a reproduction of the tones of actual speech.,