英语语法形容词副词讲解ppt课件.ppt

形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.),一. 翻译下列句子，划出句中的形容词（adj.）,1) He is a tall man.2) There is something wrong with the watch.3) He is clever.4) Running in the morning makes him strong.,1) He is a tall man.2) My beautiful present is on the desk.3) I have five red pencils.,形容词的位置,1.形容词常放在_；它们前面常带有冠词、 物主代词、指示代词、数词等,名词前,形容词的位置,4) There is _ _ with the watch. 这个手表有点问题。5) Is there _ _? 有什么重要的事情吗？,1.形容词常放在名词前；它们前面常带有冠词、 物主代词、指示代词、数词等,2.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-, every-构成的不定代词时，形容词要放在_,此时的形容词被称作定语,不定代词的之后,something wrong,anything important,1) He is strong. 2) Its getting warm.3) The soup tastes delicious. 4) She fell asleep.,形容词的位置,此时的形容词被称作表语,3.形容词可以放在 _后,状态系:感官系:变化类:持续系：,系动词,be, is, am, are, was, were, been,feel, look , appear, seem, sound, taste, smell,become, grow, get, go, turn, fall,keep, stay , remain,1) Running in the morning makes him strong.2) We think the film really interesting.3) Who has left the door open?4) I found her asleep on the grass.,形容词的位置,此时的形容词被称作宾语补足语,4.形容词修饰补充说明_的性质、状态,宾语,形容词在句中常作_、_和_。,1) He is a tall man.2) There is something wrong with the watch.3) He is clever.4) Running in the morning makes him strong.,定语,表语,补语,定语,表语,补语,定语,形容词的位置,二. 什么是副词？有哪些种类？,翻译下列句子，指出画线部分单词的词性1. Its very late now. Dont go out! 2. It frequently rains heavily in spring.,时间副词,地点副词,方式副词,频度副词,程度副词,修饰动词，表示动作发生的程度、时间、地点、频度、方式等或表达状态的词叫副词。,fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly等,I am really sorry to hear that.The weather here is quite different from that in Nanjing.The girls works very hard.,副词常见类别：,一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词_面。,1. 程度副词：,前,2. 时间副词：,副词常见类别：,here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, upstairs, downstairs等,3. 地点副词：,now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等,通常位于句_，先_后_,They went swimming in the river yesterday.,Yesterday they went swimming in the river.,时间副词还可以放在句_,在句中的位置,末,地点,时间,首,always, usually, often, frequently, seldom, sometimes, never, hardly, rarely, constantly, occasionally等,The boy is often late for school.I have never seen such a good film.,1）通常_动词、_动词之后,2）通常放在行为动词之_,He usually goes to school on foot.,副词常见类别：,4. 频度副词：,be,助动词/情态,前,表示行为方式的副词大多以ly结尾，如quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。,She walked into the classroom happily.Mike wrote carefully some letters to his parents.My father works hard.,副词常见类别：,5. 方式副词：,1) 通常放在动词_面。,后,Luckily, Jim catches the bus in time.,2) 修饰整个句子用作状语，放在句_。,首,easilyluckily,三. 某些形容词变副词，词尾怎么变化？,写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律,widemusicalwonderfuleasyluckymagiccomfortabletrue,truly,少数以e结尾的形容词，去e再加ly,通常在形容词后直接加_,ble/tle结尾的形容词去_为_,ly,e,y,y结尾的形容词，改_为_再加_,y,i,ly,ic结尾的词,加_,ally,widelymusicallywonderfully,magically,comfortably,nice_ polite_ rude_slow_ quick_ quiet_ real_ careful _ hopeful_ busy_ angry_ easy_ heavy_ happy_ lucky_ automatic_ energetic_ terrible_ gentle_ true _,即学即练,把下列形容词改为副词,nicely,rudely,politely,really,carefully,hopefully,slowly,quickly,quietly,busily,angrily,easily,heavily,happily,luckily,automatically,energetically,terribly,gently,truly,找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词A. hurriedly B. repeatedly C. naturallyD. absolutely E. friendly F. obviously,四. -ly结尾的词都是副词吗?,以ly结尾的词不一定是副词，有可能是形容词。,dailyweeklymonthlyyearly,日常的：每周的：每月的：每年的：,友好的：可能的：活泼的：可爱的：孤独的：丑陋的：致命的：,friendlylikelylivelylovelylonelyuglydeadly,表示时间的名词 ly,形容词/副词的比较级和最高级,规则变化,不规则变化,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,more difficult more popularmore slowly,most difficult most popularmost slowly,单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级) -est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st,重读闭音节词,且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写辅音字母再加-er(比较级) 或 -est(最高级),辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再加-er(比较级) 或 -est(最高级),多音节词和部分双音节词前面加more(比较级) 或most(最高级),形容词和副词的规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远,不规则变化,* old older, oldest elder, eldest* far farther, farthest further, furthest,重要的 较不重要 最不重要_ - _ - _,“less+形容词原形”表示“较不”“least+形容词原形”表示“最不”,注意：,远的（具体的距离）进一步 （抽象的）,年长的；老的；旧的(亲戚关系中)年长的,least important,less important,important,1) 大多以a开头的形容词,afraid(害怕的) alone(单独的) alive(活着的)asleep(睡着的) awake(醒着的),1.The baby is asleep.2.The girl is afraid of snakes.3.He feels well today.,2)其他个别形容词，例如 favorite(最爱的) worth(值得的) excellent(优秀的) unable(不能的) wonderful(极好的) well(健康的) ill(病了的),但是，少数形容词没有比较等级的变化，只能放在系动词后，不放名词前作定语。,形容词/副词的比较级和最高级,Things to remember:,1) 考虑是规则还是不规则；2) 如果是规则，“-er”是加在单音节后面变成比较级 “more”是加在多音节前面变成比较级3) 避免“more”和“-er”同时出现。,做题时，碰到形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成,即学即练,写出下列词汇的比较级和形容词,long _ _ young _ _ soon _ _ fast _ _cold _ _ near _ _bright _ _ short _ _new _ _ high _ _low _ _ slow _ _close _ _ strange _ _fine _ _ white _ _nice _ _ late _ _,longer,longest,younger,youngest,sooner,soonest,faster,fastest,colder,coldest,nearer,nearest,brighter,brightest,shorter,shortest,newer,newest,higher,highest,lower,lowest,slower,slowest,closer,closest,stranger,strangest,finer,finest,whiter,whitest,nicer,nicest,later,latest,red _ _ big _ _ hot _ _ thin _ _ fat _ _ wet _ _ angry _ _ busy _ _ cloudy _ _ dirty _ _ easy _ _ heavy _ _,heaviest,redder,reddest,bigger,biggest,hotter,hottest,thinner,thinnest,fatter,fattest,wetter,wettest,angrier,angriest,busier,busiest,cloudier,cloudiest,dirtier,dirtiest,easier,easiest,heavier,即学即练,写出下列词汇的比较级和形容词,interesting - _ - _careful - _ - _slowly - _ - _bad - _ - _many/much - _ - _good - _ - _little - _ - _old - _ - _far - _ - _,即学即练,写出下列词汇的比较级和形容词,more interesting,most interesting,more careful,most careful,more slowly,most slowly,worse,worst,more,most,better,best,less,least,older/elder,oldest/eldest,farther/further,farthest/furthest,形容词/副词的使用,原形,比较级,最高级,形容词/副词原形,1. “the+形容词”，表示一类人或物,as + 形容词/副词原形 + as,not as + 形容词/副词原形 + as,“和.一样.”,“和 不一样.”,as + 形容词 + a + 单数名词 + as,as + many/much + 名词 + as,4. 倍数 + as + 形容词 + as,2.,3.,形容词/副词原形,“the+形容词”，表示一类人或物,the richthe youngthe disabled,the poorthe oldthe blind,富人年轻人残疾人,穷人老人盲人,这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。,她跳得没有我姐姐高。,杰克和汤姆跑得一样快。,猴子不如大象强壮。,形容词/副词原形,Tom is as tall as Mike.,as + 形容词/副词原形 + as,not as + 形容词/副词原形 + as,Tom is not as tall as Mike.,Jim doesnt work so hard as Mike.,Jim works as hard as Mike.,“和.一样.”,“和 不一样.”,Jack runs as fast as Tom,The boy is as clever as his brother.,She can not jump as high as my sister.,Monkeys are not as strong as elephants.,即学即练,I have as many books as Tom has.,Tom is three times as old as Mike.,Chinese is as difficult a language as English.,as + 形容词 + a + 单数名词 + as,I can carry as much paper as you can.,This room is twice as big as that one.,This bridge is four times as long as that one.,形容词/副词原形,as + many/much + 名词 + as,倍数 + as + 形容词 + as,形容词/副词比较级,形容词/副词比较级less+形容词/副词原形,1. 主语 + 动词 + + than + 对比成分,2. 比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a little, 倍数等修饰。,“比较级 + and + 比较级”,3. 表示“越来越”,“more and more + 形容词/副词原形”,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,4. 表示“越.，就越.”,_+_+than.,形容词/副词比较级,Blood is thicker than water.Health is more important than wealth.,This picture is _ than that one.,_+_ + _ + _+ 对比成分,这首歌不如那首歌流行。这本书不如那本书有趣。,Math is less difficult than physics.,表示不及另一方,This song is _ than that one.This book is _ than that one.,这张照片比那张照片漂亮。,more beautiful,less popular,less interesting,Today is _ than yesterday.,warmer,主语,动词,形容词/副词比较级,than,less,形容词/副词原形,今天比昨天暖和。,形容词/副词比较级,形容词/副词比较级less+形容词/副词原形,主语 + 动词 + + than + 对比成分,Peter is wiser than Sam.,Peter is much wiser than Sam.,Peter比Sam聪明得多。,Peter比Sam聪明。,比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a little, 倍数等修饰。,The sun is far larger than the moon.,太阳比月亮大得很多。我的笔比他的贵一点点。他比我大三岁。,He is three years older than I.,My pen is a little more expensive than his.,very和much非常区别,He works _ hard.,He works _ harder than before.,very 修饰形容词和副词的_。much修饰形容词和副词的_ 。,very,much,原形,比较级,你的英语越来越好了。现在越来越多人学英语。这个城市越来越漂亮了。,形容词/副词比较级,In autumn, the days are getting shorter and shorter.It rains more and more heavily.,“比较级 + and + 比较级”,_ is getting _.,表示“越来越”,“more and more + 形容词/副词原形”,Your English,better and better,Now more and more people learn English.,The city is more and more beautiful.,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,形容词/副词比较级,表示“越.，就越.”,_, _ make progress.,The busier he is, the happier he feels.The more tickets you sell，the more money you will get.,你学习越努力，进步就越快。你越锻炼, 就越健康。,_ exercise _ do, _ you will become.,The harder you study,the faster you,The more,the healthier,you,1. the + 最高级,范围如“of/in/among.”，可放句首或句末,3. one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最.之一”,2. This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句,4. the + 序数词+ 最高级,表示“第几最.”,形容词/副词最高级,形容词/副词最高级,the + 最高级+“of/in/among.”短语（表范围），可放句_或句_,Jack is the best of all the students.,= Of all the students, Jack is the best.,首,末,She came (the) earliest of all the students.,one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最.之一”,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers in China.,This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句,This is the worst film that I have ever seen.,副词最高级前的the可以省略,形容词/副词最高级,the + 序数词+ 最高级,表示“第几最.”,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,这个是北京第三大公园。,黄河是中国的第二大河流。,This is _ park in Beijing.,the third largest,She is _ student _ her class.她是班上最好的学生。 This is _ all the watches.在所有这些表中这块最贵。_ I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Shanghai is _ China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。 Yao Ming is _ in China.姚明是中国最受欢迎的篮球球星之一。,即学即练,the most expensive of,This is the largest apple that,one of the largest cities in,one of the most popular basketball stars,the best,in,形容词/副词特殊句型,The box is so heavy that I cant move it.,It was so _ I finished it in a day.,他是一个如此热心的男孩以至于每个人喜欢他。它是如此有趣的一本书以至于我一天就把它读完了。,1. such +_ +_+ 可数名词单数 (+that从句),2. so +_ +_ +可数名词单数 (+ that从句),He is such an honest boy that he never tells lies.,This is so difficult a question that we cannot answer it.,interesting a book that,He is such _ that _.,everyone likes him,a warm-hearted boy,即学即练,a/an,形容词,形容词,a/an,3. too+形容词原级+ to do sth.,He is too young to go to school.,4. 形容词原级+ enough to do sth.,这个孩子太小还不能上学。,He is old enough to go to school.,那男孩太矮够不着书架上的书。这个房间够大能容纳100人。,_ hold 100 people.,形容词/副词特殊句型,The room is large enough to,_ reach the books on the shelf.,The boy is too short to,即学即练,他到了可以上学的年龄了。,1) My house is _ (large) than Jims.2) Today is much _ (warm) than yesterday.3) Which book is _(interesting), this one or that one?4) Kate is _ (good) than me at English.5) Who is _ (tall) boy in your class?6) Mike runs _(fast) of all the students.7) I have _ (much) money than you. 8) Yesterday was my _ (happy) day in my life.9) My brother is not so _ (strong) as me.10) Mr. Smith is the _ (short) of the two men .,larger,warmer,more interesting,better,the tallest,(the) fastest,more,happiest,strong,shorter,即学即练,根据所给提示词填空。,11) Which film is _(interesting) this one or that one?12) I think English is one of _(important)subjects in middle school.13) Li Lei doesnt study so _(care) as his sister.14) Ann is a little _(young) than Joan, but she is much _.(tall)15) The Changjiang River is very _.Its the third _ river in the world. (long),more interesting,the most important,carefully,younger,taller,long,longest,即学即练,根据所给提示词填空。,16) The Yellow River is the second _(long)river in China. 17) Zhao Lei is one of _(young) boys in his school.18) Which is _(big), the sun, the earth or the moon ?19) Mary has three brothers. Smith is _(tall) of the three.20) Mount Qomolangma is _(high) in the world .21) Jim jumped _(high) of the all.,即学即练,根据所给提示词填空。,longest,the youngest,the biggest,the highest,highest,the tallest,