部编九(上)第三单元羁旅思乡诗(水调歌头、月夜忆舍弟、商山早行)优秀课件.pptx

羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,诗词课题总览,水调歌头 明月几时有/苏轼月夜忆舍弟/杜甫商山早行/温庭筠,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,了解作者生平，理解关键句子的表面意思和深刻意蕴，品味诗词的艺术美。(重点)学会鉴赏羁旅行役、思乡怀远诗的思想感情以及常用技法，做到“读一首诗，知一类诗”。 (难点)反复诵读，背诵默写。(重点),水调歌头苏轼,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,苏轼（10371101），字子瞻，自号东坡居士，四川眉山人。与父苏洵、弟弟苏辙合称“三苏”，同位于“唐宋八大家”之列。他是北宋中期的文坛领袖，在散文、诗、词、书、画等方面都有很高的成就。其诗现存于世的有340余首。其词引领豪放一派，豪壮雄浑，其诗清新雄健。著有东坡全集等。,苏轼：人生哪有完美，不过看开一点,本文选自东坡乐府笺卷一（上海古籍出版社2009年版）。这首词写于宋神宗熙宁九年（1076）中秋。当时作者被贬至密州，与弟弟苏辙也已七年不见，政治上不能施展抱负，生活上兄弟天各一方，中秋对月，心情抑郁惆怅，遂作此词。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,水调歌头苏轼 丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。 明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨 ，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,水调歌头苏轼 丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。,丙辰：宋神宗熙宁九年（1076）。,子由：苏轼的弟弟苏辙，字子由。,丙辰年（公元1076年）的中秋节，高高兴兴地喝酒直到天亮，喝了个大醉，写下这首词，同时也思念弟弟苏辙。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。,把酒：端起酒杯。把，执、持。,明月从什么时候开始有的呢？我拿着酒杯遥问苍天。不知道天上的宫殿，今晚是哪一年。,天上宫阙（qu）：指月中宫殿。阙，古代城墙后的石台。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。,归去：回去，这里指回到月宫里去。琼（qing）楼玉宇：美玉砌成的楼宇，指想象中的仙宫。不胜：经受不住。胜：承担、承受。弄清影：意思是月光下的身影也跟着做出各种舞姿。弄：赏玩。何似：何如，哪里比得上。,我想凭借着风力回到天上去看一看，又担心美玉砌成的楼宇太高了，我经受不住寒冷。起身舞蹈玩赏着月光下自己清朗的影子，月宫哪里比得上在人间。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？,朱阁：朱红的华丽楼阁。绮户： 雕饰华丽的门窗。何事：为什么。 月儿移动，转过了朱红色的楼阁，低低地挂在雕花的窗户上，照着没有睡意的人（指诗人自己）。 （月儿）不该（对人们）有什么怨恨吧，为什么偏在人们分离时圆呢？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。,此事：指人的“欢”“合” 和月的“晴”“圆”。但：只。千里共婵（chn ）娟（jun）：只希望两人年年平安，虽然相隔千里，也能一起欣赏这美好的月光。共：一起欣赏。婵娟：指月亮,人有悲欢离合的变迁，月有阴晴圆缺的转换，这事儿自古以来就很难周全。希望人们可以长长久久地在一起，即使相隔千里也能一起欣赏这美好的月亮。,答题角度1.抓意象。意象是鉴赏思乡诗的最佳突破口,要特别留心四种意象:月“月是故乡明”,诗人移情于月象征人世间的聚散;雁“人归落雁后”,它是触动诗人乡思的重要媒介;危楼“独自莫凭栏”,古人常因思乡情切而登楼凭栏,借此表现归思;书信一“家书抵万金”,书信是用来传递相思之苦的,要领会诗中家信的作用。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,2.明情感。这类诗抒发的情感大致有:羁旅孤凄之愁; 恋家怀人之思;怀才不遇之苦; 厌战思家之情；寄寓人生感慨或哲理。3.晓手法。(1)借景抒情(或叫“寓情于景”)，情景交融。(2)乐景衬哀情(乐景写哀)。(3)侧面落笔。诗人在表现怀远、思归之情时，不是直接抒发思念之情，而是从对方着笔，想象对方思念自己之深，借以烘托诗人的苦恨离情。（也叫“对写法”）(4)因梦寄情，虚实结合。,答题指导,丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。 明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,全词抒发了词人怎样的思想感情？请简要赏析。,思念亲人以及被贬的失意之情：起舞弄清影；转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。,人生不会完美,要有豁达的胸襟：世间万物都有规律,不应强求,好像月有阴晴圆缺,自古不能改变。,对亲人的美好祝愿和乐观旷达的情怀：唯愿兄弟(亲人)彼此珍重,虽然远隔千里,也能共享这美好的月光。,针对性练习（明情感）,丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。 明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,简要赏析:“我欲乘风归去,又恐琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒”,心理描写。这几句明写月宫的高寒,暗示月光的皎洁,把那种既向往天上又留恋人间（出世与入世）的矛盾心理十分含蓄地写了出来。,请赏析“起舞弄清影”中“清影”一词的表达效果。,“清影”意为清冷的影子,营造了孤独、寂寞、凄清的氛围,表现了词人的孤独、苦闷。,“人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全”成为千古名句，反复被人吟唱，你认为这句话有何妙处？,运用对偶的修辞手法，蕴含哲理，世间万物都有规律,不应强求,好像月有阴晴缺,自古不能改变。人生不会完美,要有豁达的胸襟。,针对性练习（赏手法）,丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。 明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,下面对于本首词的理解、分析不正确的一项是（ ） A“起舞弄清影”是作者与自己的清影为伴，一起舞蹈嬉戏的意思。 B词中“我欲”、“又恐”、“何似”之间的矛盾转折，显示了作者感情的波澜起伏。 C“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。”既是对远方亲人的怀念，也是一种祝福。 D本词紧紧围绕中秋之月展开描写、抒情和说明，表达了作者乐观旷达的胸襟。,D理由：“展开描写、抒情和说明”应为“展开描写、抒情和议论”。,针对性练习,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,这首词上阕写词人对月饮酒，下阕写对月怀人。反映了词人宦海失意的苦闷，也表现了词人对美好生活的向往和乐观旷达的胸襟。,月夜忆舍弟杜 甫,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,杜甫（712770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”“杜少陵”等，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人。杜甫忧国忧民，人格高尚，诗艺精湛，被世人尊为“诗圣”。他的诗具有丰富的社会内容，广泛而深刻地反映了当时的历史面貌。因此被称为“诗史”。有杜工部集传世。,作者简介,漂泊天涯，忧国忧民杜甫,代表作：“三吏”(石壕吏)新安吏漟关吏“三别”(新婚别垂老别无家别) 茅屋为秋风所破歌春望等。,月夜忆舍弟杜甫戍鼓断人行，边秋一雁声。露从今夜白，月是故乡明。有弟皆分散，无家问死生。寄书长不达，况乃未休兵。,诗歌解读,对人谦称自己的弟弟。,边防驻军的鼓声。戍，驻防。,指实行宵禁，禁止人行走。,一作“秋边”，秋天的边地，边塞的秋天。,恰逢白露时节。,一直，老是。,到。,何况，况且。,战争还没有结束。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,戍鼓断人行，边秋一雁声。露从今夜白，月是故乡明。,边防驻军的鼓声禁止人行走，边塞的秋天里有孤雁在鸣叫。恰逢白露时节，月亮还是故乡的最明亮。,古诗今译,有弟皆分散，无家问死生。寄书长不达，况乃未休兵。,有兄弟却都分散了，没有家无法探问生死。寄往洛阳城的家书常常不能送到，何况战乱没有停止。,答题角度1.抓意象。意象是鉴赏思乡诗的最佳突破口,要特别留心四种意象:月“月是故乡明”,诗人移情于月象征人世间的聚散;雁“人归落雁后”,它是触动诗人乡思的重要媒介;危楼“独自莫凭栏”,古人常因思乡情切而登楼凭栏,借此表现归思;书信一“家书抵万金”,书信是用来传递相思之苦的,要领会诗中家信的作用。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,2.明情感。这类诗抒发的情感大致有:羁旅孤凄之愁; 恋家怀人之思;怀才不遇之苦; 厌战思家之情；寄寓人生感慨或哲理。3.晓手法。(1)借景抒情(或叫“寓情于景”)，情景交融。(2)乐景衬哀情(乐景写哀)。(3)侧面落笔。诗人在表现怀远、思归之情时，不是直接抒发思念之情，而是从对方着笔，想象对方思念自己之深，借以烘托诗人的苦恨离情。（也叫“对写法”）(4)因梦寄情，虚实结合。,答题指导,月夜忆舍弟【唐】杜甫戍鼓断人行，边秋一雁声。露从今夜白，月是故乡明。有弟皆分散，无家问死生。寄书长不达，况乃未休兵。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,全诗抒发了诗人怎样的思想感情？请简要赏析。,怀念家乡,思念亲人,夹杂着生离死别的焦虑：月是故乡明；有弟皆分散，无家问死生；寄书长不达。,忧国忧民,期盼战乱早些停止,渴望社会安定：况乃未休兵。,针对性练习（明情感）,月夜忆舍弟【唐】杜甫戍鼓断人行，边秋一雁声。露从今夜白，月是故乡明。有弟皆分散，无家问死生。寄书长不达，况乃未休兵。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,请从写作手法的角度赏析“露从今夜白,月是故乡明”这句诗。,这句诗以景衬情（借景抒情）,既实写白露节的清寒,又融入了自己的主观感情。写故乡月明,表现了作者对故乡的思念。,简析“有弟皆分散，无家问生”的艺术表达效果,在“有”“无”的对比中,抒发了深沉的思念之情,寄予了无限的人生感慨。,针对性练习（赏手法）,本诗通过写兄弟因战乱而离散，杳无音信，而自己只能在异乡的戍鼓和孤雁声中观赏秋夜月露。表达了诗人对兄弟深深的思念，以及对国家处于战乱之中的现状的悲痛之情。,主旨归纳,商山早行温庭筠,温庭筠（约801866），本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县）人，唐代诗人。“花间派”代表词人，其诗辞藻华丽，多写个人遭际，于时政亦有所反映。词多写闺情，风格秾艳。与李商隐齐名，世称“温李”。他也与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有温飞卿集及金奁集，代表作有梦江南望江南等。,作者简介,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,商山早行温庭筠晨起动征铎，客行悲故乡。鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜。槲叶落山路，枳花明驿墙。因思杜陵梦，凫雁满回塘。,诗歌解读,远行车马所挂的铃铛。铎，大铃。,思乡之梦。,在今陕西商洛东南。,使明艳。,野鸭。,边沿曲折的池塘。,晨起动征铎，客行悲故乡。鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜。,黎明起床，车马的铃铎已震动，一路远行，游子悲思故乡。鸡声嘹亮，茅草店沐浴着晓月的余辉，足迹依稀，木板桥覆盖着早春的寒霜。,古诗今译,槲叶落山路，枳花明驿墙。因思杜陵梦，凫雁满回塘。,枯败的槲叶，落满了荒山的野路，淡白的枳花，鲜艳地开放在驿站的泥墙上。因而想起昨夜梦见杜陵的美好情景，一群群鸭和鹅，正嬉戏在边沿曲折的池塘里。,答题角度1.抓意象。意象是鉴赏思乡诗的最佳突破口,要特别留心四种意象:月“月是故乡明”,诗人移情于月象征人世间的聚散;雁“人归落雁后”,它是触动诗人乡思的重要媒介;危楼“独自莫凭栏”,古人常因思乡情切而登楼凭栏,借此表现归思;书信一“家书抵万金”,书信是用来传递相思之苦的,要领会诗中家信的作用。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,2.明情感。这类诗抒发的情感大致有:羁旅孤凄之愁; 恋家怀人之思;怀才不遇之苦; 厌战思家之情；寄寓人生感慨或哲理。3.晓手法。(1)借景抒情(或叫“寓情于景”)，情景交融。(2)乐景衬哀情(乐景写哀)。(3)侧面落笔。诗人在表现怀远、思归之情时，不是直接抒发思念之情，而是从对方着笔，想象对方思念自己之深，借以烘托诗人的苦恨离情。（也叫“对写法”）(4)因梦寄情，虚实结合。,答题指导,商山早行温庭筠晨起动征铎，客行悲故乡。鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜。槲叶落山路，枳花明驿墙。因思杜陵梦，凫雁满回塘。,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,这首诗抒发了作者怎样的情感?,这首诗描写了旅途中寒冷凄清的早行景色,抒发了游子在外的孤寂之情和浓浓的思乡之意。,针对性练习（明情感）,羁旅思乡诗他乡村树似吾乡，愁煞天涯断肠人,“鸡声茅店月,人迹板桥霜”是被人传诵的佳句,你认为它好在哪里?,示例一：联用名词连缀成句,营造了凄清,寂寞的氛围,烘托出早行的艰辛,衬托出感乡的深切。,示例二：视觉、听觉两个角度营造了凄清,寂寞的氛围,烘托出早行的艰辛,衬托出感乡的深切。,作者通过想象,写成群的凫雁在水中嬉戏,表现欢乐的气氛,从而反衬旅居在外的游子思乡之悲。（写法：想象 反衬）,针对性练习（赏手法）,商山早行温庭筠晨起动征铎，客行悲故乡。鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜。槲叶落山路，枳花明驿墙。因思杜陵梦，凫雁满回塘。,“凫雁满回塘”运用了什么艺术手法?有什么样的表达效果？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,此诗描写了旅途中寒冷凄清的早行景色，抒发了游子在外的孤寂之情和浓浓的思乡之意，字里行间流露出人在旅途的失意和无奈。,主旨归纳,