最后一次讲演ppt课件.pptx
侯课要求,1.左书右本中间笔。 2.坐姿端正,保持安静。,最后一次讲演,闻一多,毛主席在别了,司徒雷登一文中指出:“许多曾经是自由主义者或民主个人主义者的人们,在美国帝国主义者及其走狗国民党反动派面前站起来了。闻一多拍案而起,横眉怒对国民党的手枪,宁可倒下去,不愿屈服。”,释题,“最后一次演讲”,是指1946年7月15日,闻一多先生在李公朴的追悼会上发表了一次演讲。当天下午闻一多先生就被国名党特务暗杀,因此这次演讲成了他的最后一次演讲。,1.走近作者 闻一多,本名闻家骅,中国现代伟大的爱国主义者,坚定的民主战士,中国民主同盟早期领导人,中国共产党的挚友,新月派代表诗人和学者。1923年9月出版第一本新诗集红烛。1925年3月在美国留学期间创作七子之歌。 1928年1月出版第二部诗集死水。 1946年7月15日在云南昆明被国民党特务暗杀。,2.文体知识 讲演词,也叫演讲词、演说词,它常在各种大型的群众集会或较为隆重的场合使用,而且所讲的都是些较为重大的问题或是就某个专门问题进行的论述。讲演词具有宣传、鼓动和教育作用,它可以把讲演者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众及读者,使他们信服并在思想感情上产生共鸣。,3.主题解说 这是一篇用满腔爱国热忱谱成,用鲜血写就的文字,是一篇感情色彩鲜明的讲演词,属议论文体裁。闻一多在李公朴的追悼会上,义正辞严地当众揭露、痛斥反动派的罪恶和卑劣,表达了对民主和平的坚定信心。,写作背景: 抗战胜利以后,蒋介石调动200万军队准备进攻解放区,并加紧对国统区的法西斯统治,内战的阴云笼罩大地。,1946年1月10日,国共双方签定了停战协定。2月10日,重庆各界举行庆祝大会,国民党特务前来捣乱,郭沫若、李公朴等60多人被打伤。3月17日,闻一多参加为“四烈士”举行的出殡公葬活动,参加游行、路祭,并在入殓典礼上致词。4月17日,闻一多任社长的民主周刊发表时事评论,严正批判蒋介石。 其后不久,国民党“悬赏250万元购买闻一多的头颅”。 闻一多不怕反动派恐吓,坚定地表示:“我留在昆明一天,就要战斗一天”。,朗读指导,1、请同学们用普通话自由朗读课文。注意文中生字词。要求做到:1、读准字音2、读得流畅3、语速适当4、节奏准确,污蔑( ) 屠杀( ) 捶击( ) 赋予( ) 卑劣( )卑鄙( ) 蛮横( )毁灭( ) 挑拨离间( ),tio b l jin,hu,mn hn,b,bi li,f y,chu,w mi,t,预习检测,2.多音多义字,横,hng( ),hng( ),蛮横,横竖,间,jin( ),jin( ),间接,中间,挑,tio( ),tio( ),挑逗,挑担,召,zho( ),sho( ),召公,召唤,词语解释,捶击:用重物猛力敲打。诬蔑:捏造事实败坏别人的名誉。蛮横:态度粗暴,不讲道理。赋予:交给(重大任务、使命等)。挑拨离间:原指没有根据的话,现在多指在别人背后散布的诬蔑、中伤的说法。卑鄙无耻:形容品质低下,不知廉耻。,听范读,注意字音、停顿、语气。,划分层次,请同学们朗读课文,理清文章的结构层次,归纳段落大意,5分钟后提问。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,13:痛斥国民党反动派暗杀而且诬陷的卑劣行径,歌颂李先生为争取民主而献身的无上光荣。 45:揭露国民党反动派的虚弱本质,指明敌人必然灭亡,人民必然胜利的历史规律,鼓舞群众的斗志。 612:鼓舞群众发扬光荣传统,为争取民主和平而斗争,表达自己勇往直前、不怕牺牲的坚强意志和决心。,结构图解,自学指导二,朗读文章第一部分回答下列问题: 1、演说一开始,闻一多先生就义正辞严地痛斥国民党反动派暗杀李公朴是“历史上最卑劣最无耻的事情。”两个最字有什么作用?紧接着从哪三个方面逐层深入地痛斥国民党反动派的卑劣无耻? 2.第自然段中同时列举“一二一”事件和李公朴被害惨案的用意是什么? 3.第二段连用三个“无耻”和三个“光荣”有什么表达效果?,(1)李先生只不过“说出和写出一个没有失掉良心的中国人的话”就“竟遭此毒手”可见敌人的卑劣无耻。 (2)“要打要杀”,“又不敢光明正大的来打杀,而是偷偷摸摸地来暗杀”更见敌人的卑劣无耻。 (3)“杀死了人,又不敢承认,还要诬蔑人”, 嫁祸于共产党以推其罪责,最是卑劣无耻。,这个感叹句连用2个“最”字,表达了对反动派无比的痛恨之情。,2.第自然段中同时列举“一二一”事件和李公朴被害惨案的用意是什么?,连续列举正义人士被害的典型惨案,赞扬李先生和昆明青年的伟大献身精神,同时揭露了反动派反革命、反人民、搞谋杀的险恶企图。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.文中连用三个“无耻”和三个“光荣”有什么表达效果?,一个比一个语气重,从斥责到控诉,感情强烈真挚。,无耻,爱憎分明,在反问中有斥责,在呼喊中有声讨。既表达了作者强烈的思想感情,又起到了呼唤、感染民众的作用。,光荣,对比反衬,表达了讲演者对李先生的崇敬,对敌人的痛恨,给人们以巨大的鼓舞。,自学指导三,朗读文章第二部分回答下列问题: 1.闻一多先生预言敌人“快完了”,人民一定胜利,有什么根据?请从文章中找答案。 2、文章中的“他们”、“你们”都是指特务,闻一多先生为什么用了这两种指代?人称由“他们”变为“你们”,表达了怎样的感情?,1.闻一多先生预言敌人“快完了”,人民一定胜利,有什么根据?请从文章中找答案。,第一,他们这样疯狂地来制造恐怖,正是他们自己在慌啊!在害怕啊!所以他们制造恐怖,其实是他们自己在恐怖啊!第二,你们杀死一个李公朴,会有千百万个李公朴站起来!第三,历史上没有一个反人民的势力不被人民毁灭的!,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.文章中的“他们”、“你们”都是指特务,闻一多先生为什么用了这两种指代?人称由“他们”变为“你们”,表达了怎样的感情? 面对“大家”而怒斥敌人,所以用“他们”以指敌人;直接面对特务,怒斥特务,于是用“你们”以指“敌人”。,一种大无畏的精神和愤怒的感情,向听众揭露,面对面向敌人发起进攻,自学指导四,朗读文章第三部分回答下列问题: 1.作者在第五段末尾说:“我们有力量打破这个黑暗,争到光明!我们的光明,就是反动派的末日!”思考:“我们有力量”在哪里?在第二、三部分中找出来。 2.闻一多先生对进步青年提出了什么样的号召? 3.文末表达了闻一多先生怎样的决心?,1.作者说:“我们有力量打破这个黑暗,争到光明!我们的光明,就是反动派的末日!”思考:“我们有力量”在哪里?,昆明青年学生,广大的市民。,2.闻一多先生对进步青年提出了什么样的号召?,继承传统,争取民主和平的胜利。,3.文末表达了闻一多先生怎样的决心?,表明闻先生为追求光明和民主,决心为革命事业献身的斗争精神,随时准备为真理献身的斗争精神。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,闻一多先生在这次即席讲演里,揭露并痛斥了反动派制造白色恐怖,无耻暗杀进步人士的卑鄙行径和罪行,揭示了反动派必然灭亡,真理一定胜利的历史规律。鼓舞人民为争取民主和平而斗争的信心和勇气,表达了自己热爱祖国、为革命事业不惜献身的斗争精神。,1、 “李先生究竟犯了什么罪,竟遭此毒手?”用了什么句式?有什么作用?,设问句,一方面质问敌人,一方面引起听众的思考,激发大家愤怒的情感。,2、打、杀、暗杀,在文中有什么作用?,揭露了敌人的暴行,使语言富于变化,表达了演讲者对特务暴行的憎恨,3、第2段:“今天,这里有没有特务?你站出来!是好汉的就站出来!你出来讲!” 用第二人称“你”,有什么作用?,用第二人称表述,当面质问特务,表达感情更直接,打击力度也更加强烈,表达了自己大无畏的精神,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,4.文中第5段写到“你们杀死一个李公朴,会有千百万个李公朴站起来!”,试分析这句话的含义,表达了作者怎样的情感?,杀害李公仆吓不倒人民,会有更多的人不畏牺牲,起来斗争。表达作者对敌人的愤恨、对革命必胜的信念。,1、从闻一多先生的演讲中所表达的强烈情感,我们可以看出他是一个怎样的人?,爱憎分明、大义凛然、视死如归、一身正气,当堂训练,2、 李先生的光荣表现在什么地方?闻一多演讲的意图是什么?,“光荣”表现在:为民主和平而献身,将会赢得更强大的革命力量。 意图:揭露反动派的卑劣行径,鼓励青年们起来斗争,表达了对民革命必胜的坚定信心。,