名词 中考英语语法专题ppt课件.ppt

初中语法综合复习全解,P1,Noun,Objectives,可数名词及其单复数；不可数名词；专有名词；4. 名词所有格。,名词概述,名词的概念：用来表示各种各样的人和事物名称的词就是名词。名词的范围：人称、具体事物、抽象事物、时间、地点、方向等。,名词的分类,专有名词：姓名，国家，语言，月份，星期，节日，大学等,普通名词,可数名词,(有单复数之分),个体名词,集体名词,不可数名词,（没有复数形式),物质名词：自然物质，食品、饮料等,抽象名词：情感，学科，概念等,（某类人或东西中的个体）,（若干个个体组成的集合体）,（无法分为个体的实物）,名词,考点例析,Mum, 1 am hungry. May 1 have some_?Of course. But dont eat too much. （2012山东济南）bread B. noodle C. dumpling D. hamburger【解析】考查名词的数。bread“面包”;noodle“面条”;dumpling“水饺”;hamburger“汉堡”由下文的too much（太多）,修饰不可数名词,可知空格处也须用不可数名词。故选A。,可数名词的数,名词变复数的规则变化： 一般加-s，清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音后读/z/。 friend friends; cat cats; style styles; sport sports; 以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es 读/iz/。 bus buses; fox foxes; match matches; dish dishes.,辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i再加- es；元音字母加y结尾，直接加-s。 candy candies; boy boys.部分以f或fe结尾的词：把f、fe改为v，再加-es,口诀: 半片树叶自己黄 (half, leaf, self) 妻子拿刀去杀狼 (wife, knife, wolf) 架后小偷逃命忙 (shelf, thief, life),名词变复数的不规则变化： 含man的名词，一般变man为men。 woman women, policeman policemen, Englishman Englishmen， 但 German Germans。 将oo改为ee的有foot feet, tooth teeth, goose geese等。 复数以en结尾的有child children, ox oxen等。 将ouse改为ice的有mouse mice, louse lice(虱子)等。,有些名词是单数、复数不分的 deer; fish; sheep; Chinese; Japanese.以o结尾的词： 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿-es; 广播录像动物园，钢琴袋鼠照相片-s.外来词的复数变化：datum-data 数据basis-bases 基础。复合名词的复数变化主要词变复数: passer-by passers-by father-in-law fathers-in-law 前后两词都变复数: man teacher men teachers,不可数名词“量”的表达 不可数名词前面不能用定冠词a/an,也没有复数形式。不可数名词的“量”经常由可数名词来帮助表达，常用结构： 表示数量的词+量词+of+不可数名词。,1.确切数量的表达方式： 当表示“一杯/袋”时，单位词要用单数形式，如: a glass of water。 当表示“两杯/袋”时，单位词要用复数形式，如: two glasses of water。2.不确切数量的表达方式： 当表示大概，不确定的数量时，可运用下列单词或短语： 修饰可数名词/不可数名词：some, any, plenty of, a lot of, lots of等。 Please give me some paper.,只修饰可数名词的有： many, several, hundreds of, a number of, a group of, a pair of, quite a few, few等。You have made quite a few mistakes in your composition. 只修饰不可数名词的有： much, a great deal of, a bit of, a drop of, a piece of, a little等。 I want a piece of chalk. Please give me a little ink.,Individual activity,注: 另附 word 文档。点击此处链接,I. Multiple choice,1. We should clean twice a day. A. our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth 2. Oh, there isnt enough_ for us in the lift. No hurry. Lets wait for the next. A. ground B. floor C. place D. room,3. Can I help you? Id like for my twin daughters. A. two pair shoes B. two pairs shoes C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs of shoes 4. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German D. Japanese, Germans,5. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 6. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish,II. 在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。 I can see three_ (monkey) in the zoo. 2. Thereisalotof _ (water)inthe bottle. I see you have a few white_ (hair). 4. I like ( strawberry) because they are sweet and juicy.,monkeys,water,hair,strawberries,5. The boys have got two (piece) of (bread) already.6. Lucy will show us some new _ (photo) of hers. 7. These Germans want to have some _ (fish) for supper，so they decide to catch_ (some) now.8. There are some (child) in the garden.,pieces,bread,photos,fish,some,children,III. Translation,1.史密斯先生经常有一些好消息告诉我们。2.孩子们都非常喜欢看动物园里面的猴子。3.您需要一些面包吗？ 不，谢谢您。我一点儿也不饿。4.桌上有两盒蛋糕四瓶橘子汁。5.我们学校有很多的女老师,她们工作很 努力。6.请递给我们两杯牛奶。,1. Mr Smith always has some good pieces of news to tell us.2. There are a lot of women teachers in our school. They work very hard.3. Would you like some bread? No, thank you. Im not hungry at all.4. There are two boxes of cakes and four bottles of orange.5. There are a lot of women teachers in our school. They work very hard.6. Please pass us two glasses of milk.,1. Well, you look so happy! Because I got a good _. (2010四川内江) A. work B. news C. job2. You can get much_ about the World Expo on the Internet. (2010年上海) A. mapB. picture C. ticket D. information,实战中考,3. We need to come up with a/an_ and make a decision at once. (2010吉林通化) A. information B. adviceC. idea D. news4. Would you like some _? No, thank you. Im not hungry at all. (2010湖南) A. water B. books C. clothes D. bread,5. I like_ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. (2010山西)A. fish B. potatoes C. noodles6. Mr Black gave us _on how to learn English well. (2010新疆阜康)an advice B. many advicesC. some advice D. some advices,7. Please pick up the _. Dont keep it on the floor. (2010山东菏泽市) A. water B. paper C. books D. bottles8. I saw many _ eating grass on the hill. (2010浙江东阳市) A. horse B. cow C. rabbit D. sheep,9.Would you like some drinks, boys? Yes, _, please. (2010四川眉山) A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolate C. some cakes D. two boxes of cola10. Can I help you? Id like _ for my twin daughters. (2010山东滨州)two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoeC. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes,11. For breakfast , I usually have _ and two pieces of bread. (2011杭州) A. a cup of milk half B. half a cup of milk C. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup 12. Jack has_ . (2011南宁) A. two pieces of breads B. two pieces of bread C. two pieces bread D. two piece of bread,13. Can I help you, sir? Id like to have 100 _. I want my students to draw pictures. (2011德阳) A. piece of paperB. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers14. The _ often eat grass on the hill. (2012湖北随州) A. chicken B. horse C. cow D. sheep,15. “What do we need for the salad?” “We need two apples and three _.” (2012贵州贵阳) A. orange B. tomatoes C. broccoli16. The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw many_ there. (2012广东) A. bird B. duck C. sheep D. rabbit,17. The Internet is very useful. We can get a lot of _from it. (2012广西玉林) A. thing B. message C. informations D. information18. What is your favorite food? I like _best. I had a large bowl last night. (2012广西玉林) A. potato noodle B. potatoes noodles C. potato noodles D. potatoes noodles,19. Could you please give some _ to the _ teachers? (2012贵州安顺) A. advice; man B. advices; men C. suggestion; man D. suggestions; men20. Would you like some _? Yes, a little please. (2012山东泰安) A. apple B. banana C. orange D. milk,21. Im going to the supermarket to buy some _this afternoon. （2012陕西） A. paper and pencil B. apples and banana C. milk and eggs D. bowl and spoons22. What kind of noodles would you like? _. (2012贵州黔东南州) A. Mutton and tomatoes noodles B. Mutton and tomato noodles C. Muttons and tomatoes noodles D. Muttons and tomato noodles,Im so hungry. Please give me to eat. (2013四川遂宁) A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads24. What can I do for you? Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and_. (2013湖南娄底) A. some chickens B. any chickens C. some chicken,25. There are some _ on the floor. （2013四川南充） A. milk B. child C. boxes 26. Where is Thomas? He left a . （2013四川凉山） A. information B. message C. news27. Are there any _in your school? Yes, there are. （2013四川广安） A. Germen B. Germans C. German,28. The students didnt find much _ about the topic on that website. （2013上海） A. report B. article C. information D. story29.What would you like to drink, girls? , _ please. （2013 湖北黄冈） A. Two glass of water B. Two glass of waters C. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas,30. Eating more vegetables is good for our health. I often eat lettuce, broccoli and _. （2013广西玉林） A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. potato 31. I saw some _ and _ dancing in the street the day before yesterday. （2013黑龙江绥化） A. Germen; Englishmen B. Germans; Englishmans C. Germans; Englishmen,考点例析,Im going on holiday on the 12th. I have to be back at work on the 26th.So Ive got two holiday. (2011 山东中考)weeks B. weeks C. weeks D. week【解析】本题考查名词所有格, 以s, es结尾的名词, 一般只加“ ”构成, 故选B。,名词所有格,表示所属关系，有以下几种形式：表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。 如：Children s Day(儿童节), my sisters book(我姐姐的书)以s或es结尾的复数名词, 只在词尾加。 如：Teachers Day(教师节)， workers right（工人的权利）,如果两个名词并列并且都加s则表示分别有；只有s一个则表示共有。Johns and Marys room；John and Marys room.有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加s。 todays newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes break(十分钟的休息), Chinas population(中国的人口).,无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。 a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿) the legs of the chair(椅子腿) the name of my sisters friend (我姐姐的朋友的名字) the story of Dr. Smith (史密斯医生/博士的故事),Individual activity,注: 另附 word 文档。点击此处链接,Multiple choice1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. Its June 1st, its _Day. A. Childrens B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Childrenss 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. My mothers birthday B. My mothers birthday C. My mothers birthday D. My mothers s birthday,4. Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the . A. doctor B. doctors C. doctors D. doctor 5. Where is Mr. Zhang? He is in the _ . A. teachers reading room B. teachers reading room C. teacher reading room D. teachers reading room 6. This is _ ball. Its not _ . A. the boys, girls B. the boys, the girls C. the boy, the girl D. boys, girls,. 在空格中填入一个适当的词或 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. (李明的父母)work in a big hospital.2.This is (我妹妹的语文书).3. (双胞胎的卧室) are very nice.,Li Mings parents,my sisters Chinese book,The twins bedroom,4. (王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.5. Is this (你的好朋友的钢笔) ?6.They are (Peter和Sam的老师).,Wang Ping and Wang Mings father,your good friends pen,Peters and Sams teachers,1. 学生们的桌椅很新。2. 林红和张伟的学校很大。3. 刘伟的妻子的朋友来自广州。4. 我父亲的和他父亲的朋友来自北京。,III. Translation,The students desks and chairs are very new.Lin Hong and Zhang Weis school is very big.The friend of Liu Weis wife is from Guangzhou.My fathers and his fathers friends are from Beijing.,Our school is only_ walk from here. (2011南京) A. five-minute B. five minutes C. five minutes D. five minutes2. June 1st is _Day. All the children enjoy it very much. (2011四川眉山) A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Child,实战中考,3. September 10th is_ Day. （2011长沙）A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Mothers D. Mother4. How far is it from your home to school? Its about twenty _ walk. （2011湖北恩施） A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes,5. My skirt is on the chair.（2012 广西） A. sisters B. sister C. sisters D. sisters6. Jenny and Janes _coming to my office. Can you help to find the girls? No problem. They will be here_. （2012湖北黄冈） A. mothers are; in a moment B. mother is; at the moment C. mothers are; right away D. mother is; in a moment,_fathers cant go to the class meeting because they have gone to business. （2013山东威海） A. Jack and Mikes B. Jacks and Mikes C. Jack and Mike D. Jacks and Mike8. Look at the man over there. He is _uncle. (2013广西贺州) A. Jims and Tims B. Jims and Tim C. Jim and Tim D. Jim and Tims,9. How far is your cousins home from here? Its about two_ ride. （2013湖北随州） A. hours B. hours C. hours D. hour10. How _is it from Xian to Dunhuang? Its less than 3 _ flight. （2013甘肃白银） A. long; hours B. far; hours C. long; hours D. far; hours,11Whose room is this? Its _ （2013四川广安） A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lilys C. Lucys and Lilys12. “ bookcase is this?” “It must be_.” （2013贵州安顺） A. Whos ; Tom B. Whos; Tom C. Whose; Toms D. Whose; Tom,阅读下面短文，根据上下文在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Mr. Black and Mr. White were two famous (artist) in a city. They painted many beautiful and their pictures were very popular in the city. But they tried to see who could paint better. One day they asked old man to decide who was the number one artist by their,artists,pictures,an,ictures. Mr. Black painted tree. Soon the birds came and tried to eat the apples.Then they went to (怀特先生的)house. There was nothing but a red beautiful curtain on the wall. The old man tried to lift the curtain, but he found it was a picture by Mr. White.,an,apple,Mr Whites,