人教新目标版八年级英语下册 Unit 3 4复习ppt课件.ppt

八年级下册Units 3-4,. 单词分类记忆【核心速记】不可不记1. _(n. ) 垃圾; 废弃物2. _(v. ) 扫; 打扫3. _(n. ) 杂乱; 不整洁4. _(v. ) 扔; 掷5. _(v. ) 给; 递; 走过; 通过6. _(n. ) 浪费; 垃圾 (v. ) 浪费; 滥用,rubbish,sweep,mess,throw,pass,waste,7. _(v. ) 提供; 供应8. _(v. ) 发展; 壮大9. _(n. ) 协议; 交易10. _(adj. ) 焦虑的; 担忧的11. _(v. ) 解释; 说明12. _(v. ) 造成; 引起,provide,develop,deal,nervous,explain,cause,【联想串记】不可不知1. independent (adj. ) _(n. )独立2. fair(adj. ) _(adj. 反义词)不合理的; 不公平的 _(n. )公正性; 合理性3. right(adj. ) _(adj. 反义词)有毛病的; 错误的4. communicate(v. ) _(n. )交流; 沟通5. old(adj. ) _(比较级)更老的; 更旧的 _(比较级)年纪较长的,independence,unfair,fairness,wrong,communication,older,elder,6. second(num. ) _(adv. )第二; 其次7. press(v. ) _(n. )压力8. quick(adj. ) _(adv. )快地, 迅速地9. develop(v. ) _(n. )发展; 发育,secondly,pressure,quickly,development,. 短语双语互译1. 频繁; 反复 _ the time2. 一就; 尽快 _ soon _3. 目的是; 为了 in order _4. 给某人提供某物 provide sb. _ sth. provide sth. _ sb. offer sth. _ sb. 5. 快速查看; 浏览 look _6. 成功地发展; 解决 work _,all,as,as,to,with,for,to,through,out,7. 和睦相处 get on _8. 和某人为某事争吵 argue _ sb. _ sth. 9. 删除; 删去 cut _10. 比较; 对比 compare. . . _11. take out the rubbish _12. take care of _13. in ones opinion _,with,with,about,out,with,倒垃圾,照顾; 处理,依看,. 句型超级填写1. 彼得, 请你把垃圾倒掉好吗? Peter, _ take out the rubbish? 2. 怎么了? _? 3. 你今天晚上为什么不早点睡呢? _ go to sleep earlier this evening?,could you please,Whats wrong,Why dont you,4. 然而, 疲惫的孩子们直到晚上七点之后才到家。However, the tired children _ get home _after7: 00 p. m. 5. 我认为那不公平。I _ thats fair.,dont,until,dont think,【核心词汇】1. lend v. 借给; 借出【填一填 思维激活】你能借给我一些钱吗? Could you_ me some money? 我每个星期都从图书馆借书。I_ books_ the library every week. 这本书我可以借多长时间? How long can I_ the book? 答案: lendborrow; fromkeep,【记一记 知识构建】“借”法不同,【巧学助记】,【练一练 走近中考】(2014南充中考)Excuse me, can I _your pen? Sorry, I have _it to Bob. A. borrow; lent B. borrow; borrowedC. lend; borrowed D. lend; lent,2. in order to目的是; 为了【填一填 思维激活】为了完成那篇报告, 他熬夜到很晚。_ _ _finish the report, he stayed up late. Many students start work so that they can help provide better lives for their parents. (改为同义句)Many students start work_ _ _ help provide better lives for their parents. 答案: In order toin order to,【记一记 知识构建】in order to用法总结(1)in order to“为了”, 可以用于句首或句中, 其否定式为in order not to。(2)in order to相当于so as to, 但是so as to多用于否定句中, 其否定式为so as not to。,(3)in order to和so as to表示目的时, 可以转化为in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。为了赶上早班车, 他不得不早起。He has to get up early in order to catch the early bus. He has to get up early in order that he can catch the early bus. He has to get up early so that he can catch the early bus.,【练一练 走近中考】(2014广东中考)In order _for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being lateC. to be late D. being late,【教师备选】(2012连云港中考)A lot of famous doctors gathered in Harbin_ save “Chinas most beautiful teacher”Ms Zhang Lili. A. so that B. in order toC. in order that D. as a result,3. provide v. 提供; 供应【填一填 思维激活】城市为乡村提供电力, 乡村为城市提供蔬菜和粮食。The city _electricity _the country while the country _the city _vegetables and crops. The school library offers plenty of books to us students. (改为同义句)=The school library _plenty of books _us students. =The school library _us students _plenty of books.,答案: provides; for; provides; withprovides; for; provides; with,【辨一辨 考点突破】provide, give和offer的区别三个词均有“供给; 供应”之意, 区别主要在结构上。,【温馨提示】若offer所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时, 只能用后者。offer it to sb. (代词),【练一练 走近中考】(2014兰州中考)Parents often _their children _some good advice. A. offer; with B. offer; /C. provide; with D. both B and C,4. allow v. 允许; 准许【填一填 思维激活】我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们一起闲逛。My parents dont _me _ _out with my friends. 你知道的, 这条河是禁止小孩游泳的。You know the children_ _ _ _swim in this river. 他母亲不允许在家里抽烟。His mother doesnt allow _at home. 答案: allow; to hangare not allowed tosmoking,【记一记 知识构建】allow的用法allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事,【练一练 走近中考】(2014呼和浩特中考)Why dont you watch TV at home? Id love to, but my mother doesnt allow me _that. A. do B. did C. to do D. doing,5. work out成功地发展; 解决【填一填 思维激活】希望事情顺利解决。Hope things work_. 他正致力于一项新的发明。He is working _a new invention. 答案: outat,【记一记 知识构建】与work有关的常用短语,【练一练 走近中考】(2014贵阳中考)This math problem is so hard that I cant_. Please give me some advice. A. look out it B. work it out C. give it out,6. get on with和睦相处; 关系良好【填一填 思维激活】我的问题是我不能与家人和睦相处。My problem is that I cant_ _ _my family. Im getting on well with my new classmates. (对画线部分提问)_ _you getting on with your new classmates? 答案: get on withHow are,【记一记 知识构建】get on的用法(1)get on =get along相处; 进展; 与合得来(2)get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处得好(3)get on/along well with sth. 某事进展得好(4)How are you getting on/along with sb. /sth. ? 你与某人相处得怎样? /某事进展如何?,【练一练 走近中考】(2014兰州中考)Good manners can make people _each other. A. get on well with B. get offC. get over D. get away,7. compare. . . with. . . 比较; 对比【填一填 思维激活】他们总是拿自己的孩子与别的孩子作比较。They are always _their own children_ other children. We often compare the children _(to/with) happy birds. 答案: comparing; withto,【辨一辨 考点突破】 compare的两种搭配,【练一练 走近中考】(苏州中考)要是把她和他的家庭作业比较一下, 你就会发现她的要好得多。_答案: If you compare her homework with his, youll find hers is much better.,【重点句型】1. Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得, 请你把垃圾倒掉好吗?,【思一思 句型剖析】,【归纳拓展】各种“请求”的表达方式,【练一练 走近中考】(2014泰州中考)Could you carry that heavy box for me? _. Im strong enough. A. Not at all B. No problemC. Good idea D. Never mind,2. Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening? 你今天晚上为什么不早点睡呢? 【思一思 句型剖析】(1)如何提出建议,(2)回答建议的常用句型: 肯定答语: Good idea. /OK. /All right. /Sure. /Certainly. 否定答语: No, thanks. /Sorry, I cant. /Im afraid not.,【练一练 走近中考】(2014龙东中考)You look too tired. Why not _a rest? Sounds good. A. stop having B. to stop having C. stop to have(2014铜仁中考)Its too hot. Why not go swimming with us? _A. Good idea! B. Thats right! C. Well done! D. Congratulations!,3. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 相反, 他看他想看的任何节目直到晚上很晚。【思一思 句型剖析】(1)whatever引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter what, 意为“无论什么, 不管什么”。Call me when you get there, whatever the time is. 无论什么时间, 你到了那儿就给我打电话。,(2)引导让步状语从句的单词和短语: however = no matter how(无论怎样)whenever=no matter when(无论何时)whatever =no matter what(无论什么)whoever =no matter who(无论谁)whichever =no matter which(无论哪一个),【练一练 走近中考】(2013兰州中考)不论发生任何事, 我都不会改变心意。_happens, I wont change my mind. 答案: Whatever,【要点备选】1. neither adv. 也不【填一填 思维激活】她一周没有做家务, 我也没有做。For one week, she did not do any housework and_. Neither of us_ (know) the way to the supermarket because we are new. 答案: neither did Iknows,【记一记 知识构建】neither的用法,【练一练 走近中考】(2014成都中考)Can she play the guitar or the violin? _. But she can play the drums. A. Both B. Either C. Neither(2014南充中考)He hasnt seen that interesting film before. _. A. So have I B. Neither have IC. Nor do I D. So do I,2. as soon as一就; 尽快【填一填 思维激活】我刚坐到电视机前妈妈就过来了。My mom came over_ _ _I sat down in front of the TV. 请尽快给我写信。Please write to me_ _ _ _. 答案: as soon asas soon as possible,【记一记 知识构建】as soon as的用法(1)as soon as引导时间状语从句, 如果主句是一般将来时, 从句要用一般现在时表示将来。(2)as soon as possible = as soon as one can/could, 意为“尽可能快地”。,【练一练 走近中考】(2014菏泽中考)When will you return the book to me? Ill give it to you _I finish it. A. once B. until C. as soon as D. unless,【变式备选】(2012宜宾中考)我一到杭州就给你打电话。I will call you as_ as I_ in Hangzhou. 答案: soon; arrive,3. since conj. 因为; 既然prep. 自以来【填一填 思维激活】He has lived there for a long time. (改为同义句)He has lived there _a long time_. 既然他们和父母住在一起, 他们就应该懂得人人都有责任保持家的干净整洁。_they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 答案: since; agoSince,【记一记 知识构建】since的两种词性(1)作介词, since+(过去的)某一时刻=for+一段时间, 表示一段时间。(2)作连词, 引导时间状语从句, 主句通常用现在完成时, 从句通常用一般过去时。,【练一练 走近中考】(2014黄冈中考)I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy? Yes. It has been almost 20 years _we were together. A. since B. beforeC. after D. until,4. look through快速查看; 浏览【填一填 思维激活】我发现我妹妹在翻我的东西。I found my sister_ _my things. 我忘了Tony的电话号码, 让我查一下电话本。I forget Tonys phone number; let me_ _ _in the telephone book. 答案: looking throughlook it up,【看一看 图解考点】(1)“look +介词”型,(2)“look +副词”型,【练一练 走近中考】(2013十堰中考)Here is the book. First _it and then tell me what you think of it. A. look into B. look throughC. look up D. look after,【变式备选】(2013杭州中考)This morning I_ some new restaurants on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday. A. picked up B. looked upC. cleaned up D. gave up【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 今天早上我在网上查询了一些新饭店, 因为我想带Mia去一家好的餐馆给她过生日。pick up“捡起”, look up“查询; 向上看”, clean up“清除”, give up“放弃”, 故选B。,5. depend on依靠; 信赖【填一填 思维激活】现在的孩子太依赖父母了。Children these days_ _their parents too much. Your success depends on whether you work hard or not. (译成汉语)_ _ _(放心吧), they will pass the examination. 答案: depend on你成功与否取决于你是否努力工作。Depend on it,【记一记 知识构建】depend的相关短语 依靠，依赖depend on/upon 取决于，视而定 it 相信，放心,【练一练 走近中考】(2014六盘水中考)When shall we go? It hasnt been decided yet. It _the weather. A. begins with B. leads toC. depends on D. thinks of,【变式备选】(2013湖州中考)Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Well, it all _the weather. A. belongs to B. happens toC. depends on D. concentrates on,6. argue v. 争吵; 争论【填一填 思维激活】当他们争吵时, 我们家上空就像罩着一大片乌云。When they_, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 汤姆很谦虚, 他从不喜欢和别人争论。Tom is very modest, and he never likes_ _others. 答案: arguearguing with,【记一记 知识构建】argue的两种常用结构,【练一练 走近中考】(2013吉林中考)Dad, I want to go hiking with my friends, but my mum said no! I know. But you shouldnt quarrel with her. A. argue B. tell C. talk,7. return v. 归还; 回来; 返回【填一填 思维激活】My cousin borrows my things without_ (return) them. He didnt phone me when he got back home. (改为同义句)He didnt phone me when he _home. 答案: returningreturned,【记一记 知识构建】(1)returnvi. 返回(= get/come back), return不能和back连用(2)returnvt. 归还(= give back), 把某物还给某人return sth. to sb. =return sb. sth.,【练一练 走近中考】(2014台州中考)Where are you going? To the library. Ive finished reading this book, so Im going to _it. A. buy B. throw C. return D. borrow,8. cut out删除; 删去【填一填 思维激活】也许我可以删除一些他们的活动。Maybe I could_ _a few of their activities. Dont cut_ (off/up/down/out) these trees. 答案: cut outdown,【记一记 知识构建】cut短语小结,9. My problem is that I cant get on with my family. 我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。【思一思 句型剖析】句中that引导表语从句。that引导表语从句只起连接作用, 在从句中不作任何成分, 无意义, 但不能省略。例如: The reason is that you dont trust her. 原因是你不信任她。,【归纳拓展】that引导的主语从句及宾语从句(1)that引导主语从句that引导主语从句时, that在从句中不充当成分, 但不可以省略。为了使句子结构平衡, 有时用it作形式主语, that引导的主语从句则置于后面。例如: That she gets on well with her classmates is known to us all. (=It is known to us all that she gets on well with her classmates. )众所周知, 她与同学们相处得很好。,类似常见结构如下: Its clear/certain/true that. . . Its a pity/a good idea/no wonder that. . . Its said/reported/believed that. . . (2)that引导宾语从句that引导宾语从句时, that在从句中不充当成分, 一般可以省略。例如: The teacher told us (that) the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。10. I dont think thats fair. 我认为那不公平。,【思一思 句型剖析】think否定前移的用法(1)I/We think that从句, 若从句要表示否定意义, 在形式上常否定前面的主句。(2)此类从句若主语是第一人称, 反意疑问句要反问从句主语; 若主语是第二或第三人称, 反意疑问句要反问主句主语。例如: They dont think I can come back tomorrow, do they?,【温馨提示】believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后接宾语从句时, 若宾语从句要表示否定意义, 在形式上应该否定前面的主句; 若主语是第一人称, 其反意疑问句要反问从句主语。,【练一练 走近中考】(2013黄石中考)I dont think the newly-directed film by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say, _? A. do you B. isnt it C. is it D. dont you,专题十一精细研读解任务型阅读命题角度1 回答问题 (2014重庆中考). . . “Yes, ”said the boy, “I failed yesterday, but I thought that if I kept on trying a while, I could do it. So I went home and practiced hitting a nail with a stick till I could do it, and I got up very early this morning, and tried again. ”,The old man said, “You are the boy for me, ”and gave him the job. Whatever the boy had to do, he tried to do his best. It was not very long before he became the best clerk in the store. 66. Did the thin boy get the job at last? _,【注意词形，完善句子】 考查对文章的理解能力和对语言的组织能力。要求考生通过对文章的理解, 用简洁的语言, 用自己所拥有的英语知识对所提问题进行回答。这类题型要求考生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。,【分析】本问题是一般疑问句, 应当用简单的模式“Yes. . . ”或“No. . . ”来回答。根据“You are the boy for me, ”和“It was not very long before he became the best clerk in the store. ”可以推测出, 这个男孩得到了工作。本题的关键是找出适当的助动词和代词。由the boy可知, 代词用he, 再结合问句中的Did可知, 答案为Yes, he did. 。,命题角度2 完成句子 (2014天津中考)Next, you should try to avoid contact with the viruses that cause colds. If you can, stay away from large crowds. When people cough(咳嗽)and sneeze(打喷嚏), the cold virus goes into the air. Do not share a drinking cup, fork, or spoon with someone else because that could spread the virus. Washing your hands is also a good way not to catch a cold. The cold virus may be on the things like telephones and money. Shaking another persons hand could even spread the virus. By washing your hands, you can stop the virus from infecting(传染)you.,Following the suggestions above until doctors find a way to stop the viruses that cause colds. 80. By washing your hands, you can _from infecting you.,【忠于原文，灵活多变】 要求考生通过阅读材料, 获取相关信息, 以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成题目。这种题目中所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性, 因此, 考生必须认真阅读材料, 尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的内容。【分析】根据“By washing your hands, you can stop the virus from infecting you. ”可得知, 通过洗手可以阻止病菌的传染, 故答案为stop the virus。,命题角度3 改写句子 (2014哈尔滨中考) Do you know “Survival(生存)Holidays”? It is for children to go into lonely places for various things, including a few adventures. They need to take good care of themselves. Children in big cities spend too much time watching TV and playing computer games. “Survival Holidays” can give them a great change. During the “Survival Holidays”, children have to do things on their own. They must learn what to do without adults when they are outside. For example, kids will learn how,to cross a road and avoid accidents, how to climb hills and how to cooperate with teammates. All these survival skills are helpful in their life. Even years later, what they learnt in the holidays is still great treasure for them. 任务3: 同义句转换, 每空一词They need to take good care of themselves. They need to _themselves well.,【厚积薄发，准确转换】 要求在阅读材料的基础上, 根据命题要求, 改写文中的句子, 包括同义句、简单句与复合句的转换等。这就需要考生多积累一些同(反)义词(组)和常用的句型。【分析】原句中的take good care of表示“好好照顾”, 在第二句的句末出现了well, 这说明所填的词语中应当有行为动词, 结合句意可知, 答案为look after。,命题角度4 完成表格(2014南京中考)阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后第5665小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意: 每个空格只填1个单词。Mayme Clayton collected books, magazines and letters written by African Americans. Her son, Avery Clayton, thought her collection was important. Unlike most books, these were rare and hard to find. They were written by writers who helped shape African American culture.,【浏览表格，抓住关键】 浏览所给表格, 抓住所需回答问题的关键, 迅速阅读短文, 准确归纳, 完成信息填空。【分析】对照原文的第一句可知, Mayme Clayton收集非裔美国人所写的书籍、杂志及书信。按照题目要求和like的用法可知, 答案为collecting。,谈论过去某一时刻发生的事情 谈论过去某一时刻发生的事情是历年许多地市中考考查频率较高的话题之一, 常常与看图作文结合在一起, 在写作此类话题时, 要注意以下几个方面: 1. 过去进行时和一般过去时的正确运用。 2. 结构要严谨有序, 前后连贯。 3. 叙述时语言要简洁明了。,高分句型: 1. He/They was/were doing sth. when. . . 当的时候他/他们正在做 2. He tried his best to. . . 他尽力做 3. At that time. . . 在那时,【典题示例】(南京中考) 上周日在秦淮河边发生了张明救落水小男孩的事情, 请根据以下四幅图所描述的事情经过, 为校刊的英语园地写一篇题为“A Brave Young Man”的英文稿件。,注意: 1. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称; 2. 语言通顺, 意思连贯, 条理清晰, 书写规范; 3. 词数80个左右, 文中的开头已经给出, 不计入总词数。A Brave Young Man It was a nice day last Sunday. _,【思路点拨】审题抓准信息, 快速判断 1. 体裁: 记叙文 2. 人称: 第三人称 3. 时态: 一般过去时 4. 谋篇:,成篇衔接过渡, 连句成篇 根据四幅图画内容可知本文是以动作发生的先后顺序为主线进行写作的, 动作发生的先后顺序为was fishing, heard someone shouting, jumped into the