非谓语动词动词不定式ppt课件.ppt

非 谓 语 动 词 动词不定式,1,2,什么是非谓 语动词啊？,“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!,那不是谓语是什么呢？,。,概述：1. 谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：,使用非谓语动词的条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.,3,不能单独做谓语，但同时仍保留动词的形式,Non - finite Verb,4,非谓语动词,动词不定式,动 名 词,分词,现在分词,过去分词,区别,动词不定式： 将要发生。在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。 I have something to tell you.动名词：动名词既有动词特征，也有名词特征。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语。 He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity.现在分词：主动，动作正在进行。在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.过去分词：被动，动作已经完成。（同上） The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor,5, The teachers sitting there are 主 语 定 语 连系动词from other schools. 表 语 We found the ground covered with snow. 谓 语 宾 语 宾语补足语,6,划分句子成分,.,主,谓,宾,定,状,补,2, The famous doctor,give birth to a baby,helped,the pregnant woman,last Friday.,to,总结:非谓语动词大都可在句 中作主语、宾语、宾语足语、表语、定语、状语等.,一.动词不定式（The Infinitive）,8,动词不定式是指在句中不能单独做谓语的动词形式，在句中起着名词，形容词或副词作用的成分。以下是动词不定式的时态和语态。,e. g I hope to see you next week. Dont pretend to be working hard. Just do what you should.(贵阳兼职网http:/) I meant to have sent the book to you by mail. She is said to have been writing the novel about New York for years. The press conference is to be held tomorrow. The room seems to have been tidied up already.,9,动词不定式的时态和语态,To do that sort of thing is foolishI want to see you this evening. All you have to do is to finish it quicklyWe found a house to live in She came here to study EnglishI warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.,10,主 语,表 语,状 语,定 语,宾 补,宾 语,To master a foreign language calls for a great deal of memory work. It takes us an hour to get there by bus Its our duty to help the disabled.,11,动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成份。作主语,不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语之前,谓语动词用单数。常用it做形式主语，将to do放在之后做真正的主语，使句子保持平衡。,句型1：It + 谓语 + to do,句法作用,句型2：Its + n. + to do,It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的） e. g It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. You are very kind to give me some help.,12,句型3：It is + adj + for/of sb. to do sth.,Exercise,1.(06江西32)It took a long time for the connection _between body temperature and illness.A. to make B. to be madeC. making D. being made2. It was polite the child to give up his seat to the elderly . (for/ of)3. It is easyme to finish this work before ten. (for /of),13,作宾语 ( S + V +to do) I decided to study hard.,接不定式作宾语的系动词：appear，seem, prove, turn out, get接不定式作宾语的动词: find, want, order, allow, agree, ask, plan, hope, wish, like, expect, demand, expect, promise, refuse, begin determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate, intend and so on .,14,Exercise,1. They wanted _( get ) on the bus, didnt they? to get2. He said he wished _( be ) a professor. to be 3. I agreed_ ( go ) there with the doctor to go4. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties to dance,15,常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:,tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain know, show, discover, see(understand)I dont know how to get there.I havent decided whether to go or stay. I dont know what to do with this matter.,16,it 作形式宾语,注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。 S+ find/think/feel/make/ consider it+adj/n + to do sth. I find/feel it interesting to work with him1. Doyouconsider_betternot_go? 2.Ifeel_myduty_changeallthat. 3. We think _ important _ obey the law.,17,18,trymeanstopgo onrememberforgetregret,+,to dodoing,1. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done,2. Boys, dont forget _ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to close3. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock.A. to have restedB. resting C. to rest D. rest4. If you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. (06湖南) A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting,19,3.作定语 I have something to eat .,不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系Do you have anything to be washed today?不定式用来说明所修饰词的内容 I have no chance to go there.被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语 She is the last to leave the room.不定式为不及物动词时，须加其相应的介词但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如： He is looking for a room to live in. We found a way to solve this problem (in).,20,（5）.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限定的中心词。如： He was the best man to do the job. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. （6）用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如： Do you have the ability to read and write English ? I have to chance to go sight seeing.,21,1. (09安徽28) The play_next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be producedD. having been produced2. The house is not big enough for us all_.A. to live inB. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in3. I have something important to say. please find a piece of paper （写上） to write on,22,4.作表语(表示主语的职业，职责或性质。如主语是不定式则表语也要求不定式) Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.,5.作宾补(与宾语之间的关系实际上是逻辑上的主谓关系)能接不定式作宾补的常见动词有:ask , tell , allow, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, order, warn, require, teach. I told Jeff to join the club , but he wouldnt listen.当动词是感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to要省略，但在被动语态中要还原。 These picture made me think of my childhood.主动 The boy was seen to fall off the tree. 被动,23,24,see watch do hear + sb./sth. + doing feel done noticeI saw two boys fight with each other 主动The children were seen to run away along the street 被动,被动句还原to,感 官 动 词,25,do have/make/let + sth./sb. doing done to do get/leave + sth./sb. doing done doing keep sb./sth done My mother makes me learn English every day.,被动句还原to,使 役 动 词,1. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growingD. to grow 2. Ive heard him _ about you often. A. talked B. talks C. talk D. to talk 3. A cook will be fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to be smoking,26,6.作状语 表示目的、原因、结果,I came here to see youWe were very excited to hear the newsHe hurried to the school to find nobody there . 另外，不定式还可以用作独立成分，一般作插入语，常见的有： To tell you the truth 说 实 话 To be frank/honest 坦诚/诚实地说 To be exact/specific 准确/具体地说 To begin /start with 首 先 To make a long story short 长话短说 To tell you the truth, we dont want include you.,27,(目的),(原因),(结果),to do作状语可句首可句尾，但在句尾不可用逗号分开, only to除外,We eat to live, but not live to eat. To live we eat. We eat, to live. () We eat, only to live. (表示出乎意料的结果) He hurried to the booking office, only _ thatall the tickets had been sold out. (06陕西)A. to tellB. to be toldC. telling D. told,28,链接高考,(08湖南30) the project as planned，well have to work two more hours a day.A. Completing B.Complet C. Completed D. To complete(07辽宁29 ) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang，who was reported_the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break,29,had better do sth 最好做某事would rather do sth 宁愿做某事cannnot but do sth 只好做某事do nothing but do sth 只好做某事nothing to do but do sth 只能做某事Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事？,省略to的不定式,不带to的不定式在句中可作宾语，宾语补足语。有些动词后跟不带to的不定式做宾语补足语。这类动词有see, hear , watch, notice, feel, listen to, look at, make , have, let等。Look at me draw the picture and then try to learn.动词之后的不定式作宾语补足语时，有时可省略，但当主语是表示物的名词或主语不能发出不定式的动作时需带。Your perfect spoken English can help to find a good job.以开头的省略疑问句中不定式前得一定要去掉。Why not join us in the game.,31,省略to的不定式的作用,Conclusion：,32,动词不定式的时态和语态,动词不定式保留了动词的一些特征，具有时态和语态的变化，但是它的时态和语态只有以下几种，见下表。,It takes us an hour to get there by bus. Its our duty to help the disabled.,33,(二)不定式的用法1.作主语 不定式作主语时，常用it做形式主语，将to do放在之后做真正的主语，使句子保持平衡。也可以直接放在谓语之前。 To see is to believe,句型1：It + 谓语 + to do,句型2：Its + n. + to do,句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth. It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的 ） e.g It is very kind of you to give me some help. You are very kind to give me some help. 2.表语 (英语作文网http:/) My wish is to become a teacher.3.作宾语Most of us like to watch football matches.4.作宾语补足语He told me to be here on time.5.作定语I have nothing to say about that thing.6.作状语 He stopped to have a look.,34,Homework, Reviewing what we have learned today. Finishing the flowing tests.不定式专题练习.docx,35,36,