详细音标音节讲解ppt课件.ppt

International Phonetic Alphabet,1、跟着老师会读单词，自己读就不会了2、今天辛辛苦苦记得单词，第二天听写又全忘了3、看着单词很熟悉，干着急张不开嘴,你遇到过以下的尴尬吗？,Why？ Why？ Why？,不懂国际音标！,国际音标学习的重要性：,1、发音标准，说地道英语,2、拼读法轻松记单词,3、遇词就会读，增加词汇量,4、增强语感，更好应试,国际音标基本常识：,How many?元音辅音,Have a try!,Look at Kates picture, some birds are in an orange tree. A young woman in a red dress is under the tree. I think she is a teacher. Oh, there is a poor girl over there. She looks like a boy. Perhaps she is five. Whats more. There is a cow near her.,Have a try !,辅音爆破音： ptk bdg摩擦音： f v s z 破擦音： tr dr ts dz t t3 鼻辅音： m n 舌侧音： 1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之 间的音 w j3 h r,辅音音标,国际音标记忆口诀,国际音标48，元音、辅音分两家。除去元音20个，还剩辅音28。元音又分单和双，12个单来8个双。单元音又分长和短，5个长来7个短。双元音尾巴有特色：3i 、2u、3个。辅音28又分两家：8个光棍，10对成家。,i: 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee e: me be she he we evening ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean read bean meal season mean easy根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。 1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy ey: monkey money 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。 1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship 3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly,根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。 1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,: 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or er: her serve term ir: bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt third ur: nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain turn purse ear: early learn earth or: word work world根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。 1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term, 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e er: teacher brother dinner father sister paper water driver waiter a: panda aboard about above ago camera sofa China breakfast bananaor: doctor actor visitor ar: sugar ure: pictureour: colour labour 根据发音规则，找出发的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.mother sofa road smile _ _ 2.sit father sister food _ _ 3. hair deer tiger China _ _ 4.sugar soon ear leader _ _,根据发音规则，找出发:的1个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare 3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk,: 发这个音的字母和字母组合 a aw al or oor,al: all ball wall hall call tall mall talk,aw: draw strawberry law,or: horse morning story corn fork or short born,oor: floor door outdoor,our: four your pour,a: water, 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a o: fox coffee dog shop dog mop not doctor long song body stop hot nod cock box clock lot a: watch want wash 根据发音规则，找出发的2个单词 1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog 3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl,u: 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui o: do who whose shoe oo: food moon too cool zoo pool room noodles noon ui: fruit juice u: ruler rude June 根据发音规则，找出不发u:的单词。 1. juice moon zoo panda 2. tooth broom eye spoon 3. head boot noodles pool 4. noon cool boot watch,u发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o: woman wolf oo: look good book foot wood u: bull sugar butcher full pull put ou: should could根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。 1.mouth book look pull 2.push tape sugar foot 3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name,a: 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf au: laugh aunt ear: heart根据发音规则，圈出发a:的2个单词。 1.arm lip doctor card 2. cloud cart garden gate 3.ball scarf dark tiger 4. job lorry March park, 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou o: son come colour love money mother some nothing brother honey u: sun gun run but cut nut jump bus brush supper us study up lunch hurry ou: touch cousin country enough oo: blood flood根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.hear cup bed air 2. voice boy duck ant 3.vase corn bear gun 4. cute boy money her, 发这个音的字母和字母组合a a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea: bread head breakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发e的单词。 1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy,ei 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay a: cake make name game snake gate lazy take lake same date wave tape grape plane bake table face paper ai: rain train wait tail ay: day May play today way pay lay 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样 的单词。 1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train,ai 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy i: kite bike nice tiger write knife y: by cry fly my sky try why ie: tie pie lie uy: buy guy根据发音规则，找出每组中发ai的2个单词. 1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write small tennis kite,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy oi: oil boil coin noise voice toilet choice join oy: boy toy joy enjoy soy根据发音规则，找出每组中发i的2个单词. 1.soil hear soy cold 2. rabbit bed boy noise 3.walk voise boil word 4. tea enjoy toy milk,au 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow ou: house mouse mouth trousers cloud out loud about mountain ow: flower cow how now down brown town 根据发音规则，选出不发au的单词。 1mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth 3. town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow o: nose home note rose open over hope smoke go oa: boat coat soap goat road ow: show window snow bowl row 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的2个单词。 1coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3. your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear: ear hear tear near dear clear eer: deer beer 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发i的1个单词。 1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4. ring king here three,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear air: hair chair pair stair air ear: pear bear wear ere: there where are: care dare compare 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发e的1个单词。 1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4. ring king hare three,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure cure根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的1个单词。 1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower air 4. voice king pure engineer, 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发p的单词。 1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truck,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规则，圈出发b的2个单词。 1.cab gift beach love 2. pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress baby,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter根据发音规则，圈出没有发t的1个单词。 1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played根据发音规则，圈出没有发d的1个单词。 1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck从下列单词中找出一个发sk的单词。 1. cake car desk neck 2. mask rock ink clock 3. disk truck silk duck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg 根据发音规则，圈出发g的单词。 gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce se s: star sun snake sea see desk c: pencil city ss: grass glass class boss pass ce: face race rice nice piece space se: house horse case 根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发s的单词。 1. whose juice lick student 2. those case scarf shoes 3. space nose science meat 4. tears piece bus nose,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: his as bags se: nose rose close cheese Chinese these rise根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发z的单词。 1. zoo freeze lick case 2. game play busy shoes 3. dog nose rose meat 4. tears peanut eagle zero,一般情况下，在元音或浊辅音之后发z，如：bags、teachers、windows、pianos等 ； 在清辅音之后发s，如： cakes、caps、snakes、maps等,复数名词结尾的s的发音规律, 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的2个单词。 1. shell ship watch desk 2. truck shirt skirt ship 3. brush carrat sheep sleep 4. hero shape street shelf,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s g si s: usually, measure , pleasure g: garage si: decision, vision, television, 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发3的单词。 1. shell ship garage desk 2. truck shirt pleasure ship 3. brush casual sheep sleep 4. hero shape leisure shelf,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match 根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发t的单词，并抄下来。 chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catch,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发d3的单词。 egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orange drug jeans gun,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh cough enough rough 选出下列单词中不发f的单词 knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf,independent,独立自主,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v: video vase visit very ve: save live love dive drive five give move wave 根据发音规则,在不发v的单词上打 violin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: three thin third teeth mouth thick thirsty maths 根据发音规则，圈出不发的单词。 1father three maths thirsty 2. mouth throat Thursday brother 3. think thirsty mother thousand 4. thin thick they teeth,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: father mother brother clothes weather that this those these the 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 的1个单词。 1than sister brother three 2. weather thank night good 3. tie look teeth they 4. thin father throat watch,当th位于词首时的发音,在以下 4种 词类 ，th 读 清音Noun 名词：thing, theatre, thumb大拇指, thunder雷, Thursday, throat喉咙, b. Verb 动词：think, thank, throwc.Numeral 数词：three, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand d.Adjective 形容词：thin, thick, thirsty在以下 两种 词类， th 读 浊音Pronoun 代词：they, them, their, theirs, this, these, that, those, thereb. Functional terms 功能词：the, than, then, though,当th位于词尾时的发音,当位于词尾（或音节之尾）时，其读音多数是清音，如：bath, breath, both, cloth, tooth, health, wealth等。只有在少数单词中，如：with, smooth 中读浊音。 当位于两个元音之间时，其读音多数是浊音。如：other, mother, brother, another, father, weather, feather, leather，breathe. 但是，也有读清音的。如在单词 method, nothing, anything, healthy等。,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes 根据发音规则，找出发ts的4个单词写在后面的横线上。 sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids,dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides 根据发音规则，找出发dz的5个单词写在后面的横线上。 coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats horse sands gates,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick根据发音规则，找出没有发tr的3个单词写在后面的横线上。 seats truck train trash tractor drink street drug trousers,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr: draw drink driver dragon dry 根据发音规则，找出每组中发dr的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1. dream duck dress rain 2. rat drain drug door 3. tree treasure drawer drink 4. truck dragon dish drum,h发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh h: he her head heart hair hand wh: who whose whole 根据发音规则， 把下列单词中不发h的找出来。 1. hand hat white ( ) 2. horse whale who ( ) 3. wheat hole hair ( ),r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap 根据发音规则，选出发r的单词，打。 1. bread driver wrong rain worker 2. river father robot rope sister 3. write fruit rabbit crown drum,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell根据发音规则，选出每组中不发l的单词。 1. lamp nail flag woman ( ) 2. yellow fruit lion lychee ( ) 3. grape bull laugh lake ( ) 4. dumpling moon wheel whale( ),m 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gnn: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane downkn: knee knife knock gn: sign 根据发音规则，找出发n的单词并抄下来。1. mirror wheel yes knock 2. mall hen laugh nut 3. earrings plane wing bread,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ngn: ink bank tank fingerng: sing hang song king reading running 根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发的单词。1net ring finger meat 2. tennis mouth song swing 3. dumpling wing run nail 4. hang swim ink note,w发这个音的字母和字母组合w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale根据发音规则，选出每组中不发w音的1个单词。1. wood write wheel which2. wheat snow wet woman3. white window now why4. whale water watch row,j发这个音的字母和字母组合yy: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your根据发音规则，找出发j的单词写在下面横线上。cry you your sky yellow lorry money jelly toy boy yogurt soy,语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。3、浊化音 以sp_, st_, sk_开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。4、定冠词the的读音 e.g. the man c.f. the old man,音节,110/54,1.单词末尾不发音的e不构成音节，如bike, take；2. 两个元音字母在一起，一般为字母组合，发一个元音，构成一个音节。如book，rain；3. 词尾的le可以和其前边的辅音组成一个音节，如people，double，little，uncle，idol，single，chemical等。,Note,112/54,单音节、双音节及多音节词,113/54,开音节和闭音节,单词中发音特别响亮的音节。任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。如：hospital hspitl；多音节词中有时还可以有一个次重读音节，这种状况通常出现在特别长的单词中，如：comprehension kmprhenn,重音,115/54,元音字母在重读开音节的读音规则,116/54,元音字母在重读闭音节的读音规则,元音字母在非重读音节的读音规则,1. 两元音字母之间如有两个辅音字母，则中间分开，一边一个。如: matter，member，win-dow，doctor，sup-per，little等。这样一分，第一个音节是以辅音字母结尾的，它就是重读闭音节，元音字母读短元音。,Note,2. 两元音字母中间有一辅音字母，该辅音字母划归后一音节。如：basic，region，open，human等。这样一分，头一个音节是以元音字母结尾的，它是重读开音节，元音字母读其字母音。,Note,3. 重读开音节中的元音字母有不少仍读短元音。如：second，present，ever，hover，modern，proper等。第二音节中有i时，第一音节中的a，e，i，o大多读短元音。如：spa-nish，ha-bit，mes-sage，ci-ty，pro-fit等。,Note,单音节词重音,单音节词单独念时一律要重读， 但在单独注音时不必加重音符号。 cup kp wife waif,122,a) 一般在第一个音节重读;letter sorry England movement exercise,双音节词重音,123,b) a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音; about believe address decide compare inform discuss impress mistake,双音节词重音,124,c) 有 de-, in-, im-, re-, con-, pre-, pro-, o-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关, 一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上: record- record insult- insult conduct- conduct present- present desert- desert import- import produce- produce object- object,双音节词重音,125,d) 有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, -teen等的词，有两个重音: outside retell well-known unreal fourteen Chinese pre-war post-war exchange,双音节词重音,126,a) 一般倒数第三个音节是重音: difficult communist family economy exercise interesting opportunity democracy possibility,多音节词重音,127,b) 有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音: carefully indefinite comfortable conductor according disturbance complicated establishment,多音节词重音,128,c) 词尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, -ive 后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上: courteous calligraphy editorial historian mathematics experience sufficient identify translation religious curiosity protective mathematician,多音节词重音,129,d) 词尾有 -ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音: ,entertain ,employee ,mountaineer ,Japanese ,cigarette,多音节词重音,130,复合词的重音,a) 复合名词的重音一般在第一个音节上;blackboard anybody handbag bookstore hot dog classroom pickpocket lifestyle website sleeping car computer games middle school sitting room,131,b) 复合动词的重音一般在第二个音节; illtreat overdo c) 有些复合词有双重音; kindhearted three-legged afternoond) 少数qita复合词的重音在第二个音节上。whatever yourself throughout,复合词的重音,132,5darkroom 暗房 5dark 5room 黑暗的房间 5greenhouse 温室 5green 5house 绿色的房屋 5bluebottle 矢车菊 5blue 5bottle 兰色的瓶子 5blackboard 黑板 5black 5board 黑色的木板5English book 英语教材 5English 5book 英文书 (printed in English),有些复合词的重音位置对词义的变化有影响,5、不完全爆破 爆破音p b t d k g 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。 e.g. basketball the part of the e