澳大利亚历史英语介绍ppt课件.ppt

,Australia History,姜婉莹 尹梦瑶 刘欣,Human habitation in Australia began more 47,000 years ago.,Where were original inhabitant ancestors from?,Prehistoric Times (史前时期）,The first discovery of Australia by European explorers was in 1606, which may be taken as the starting point for written history of Australia.,The early pre-colonial period,The colonial period,Federation period,Modern times,Contents,早期殖民前期,殖民时期,联邦时期,现代时期,The early pre-colonial period,Europeans Exploration in Australia,Europeans Exploration in Australia,Torres,靠近澳洲东部的新赫布里底群岛证实：新几内亚与“未知的南方大陆”之间是由一道海峡分隔开而非连接在一起的（1606）,有记载第一个踏上澳大利亚的欧洲人（1606）&澳大利亚西海岸首位发现者（1616）,The colonial period,1 The foundation of colony 2 The golden rush,01,英国流放犯建立殖民地,Reason:,The primary reason was the establishment of a penal colony to to reduce the prison population and the crime rate in Britian.,The British settlement in Australia began in the late 18th century.,02,The foundation of colony,11 boats carried 575 prisoners and 212 soldiers leaving for Australia,they are called “the first fleet(第一舰队）”,They reached Sydney Harbour and settled down here.,Australias National Day(澳大利亚国庆日）,The foundation of colony,Marked a turning point in Australias colonial history,Lead an increased political independence from Britian and a great debate about federation.,Population of Australia increased and brought immediate and long-term changes to the economy,The Golden Rush,Federation period,Queensland,South Australia,Victoria &Tasmania,New South Wales,Western Australia,the Commonwealth of Australia,On 1 January,1901,the Proclamation of the Commonwealth of Australia was held in Sydney.,The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act divided the powers of government between the state and the federal level.,The federal government had control of defence, communication between the states, the postal system, customs, immigration, foreign affairs, welfare, and industrial matters that affected more than one state.,Each state kept its own parliament, and had power over such matters within its own borders as education and police.,The Commonwealth of Australia maintained strong bonds with Britain.,Constitution Act,The Commonwealth of Australia,Began on 4 August, 1914, When Britain declared war on Germany, Australia immediately followed Britains lead.,Strong cultural, defence, trade and economic ties that had developed between the two countries. The familiarity and intimacy encouraged many Australians to call Britain “home”.,Australia was not attacked during the First World War, but there were severe disruptions to daily life.,The First World War,“If the old country is at war, so are we”.Australia would stand beside Great Britain to help and defend her to “our last man and our last shilling”.,Not only because of relationship with Britain, but also for the world peace and safety of itself.,Semptember 3,1939,After Britain declared war on Germany two days later.,The Australian and Amercian forces fought the Japanese in many areas of the Pacific and South Esia.,The World War Two,The development of Australia after the Second World War,The wave of immigrants,The Vietnam War and Whitlams government,The New Right,The 1999 referendum,Insurance,labor-capital relationship,Hygiene,Education,Immigration,Diplomacy,After World War 2, Australia launched a massive immigration program in 1964.In 1972,Gough Whitlam became the first Prime Minister of the Labor Party in 23 years.,Thank you for listening,19,以上有不当之处，请大家给与批评指正，谢谢大家！,