对口高职英语总复习数词ppt课件.pptx
,英语,对口升学总复习,PART01,考点解读、分析解读,从四川省近五年对口升学考试统计来看,考生应注意序数词、倍数、hundred, thousand, million和billion的用法,以及分数、小数、百分比表示法的基本形式。,PART02,知识要点,英语中,数词可以分为基数词和序数词两大类:基数词表示人或事物的个数,序数词表示顺序。基数词在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;序数词在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。如:Seven plus two is nine. 7加2等于9。(作主语和表语)Please give me one. 请给我一个。(作宾语)This is the first English song I have ever learned.这是我学的第一首英文歌。(作定语)The teacher praised us four. 老师表扬了我们四个。(宾语的同位语)一、基数词1. 基数词的基本构成(见下表)。,2. 十位数和个位数(2199)之间的构成。十位数和个位数之间加连字符“”。如:fiftyfive 55sixtythree 63seventyfour 74ninetynine 993. 三位数(101999)之间的构成。先说几百,然后加and,再加上末尾两位数。如:one hundred and fiftyeight 158seven hundred and five 705nine hundred and ninety 9904. 四位及四位以上的数的构成。四位及四位以上的数的构成,只在百位后加and,千位或万位及以上的数后不加,按顺序读出即可。如:one thousand two hundred and thirtyfour 1,234five hundred sixtyseven thousand eight hundred and ninety 567,890,5. 其他基数词的用法。hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score前有具体数词时,仍使用单数。如:five hundred/thousand/million 5百/5千/5百万four billion/score/dozen 40亿/80/48注:(1)基数词后直接加复数名词,表示精确数字。如:four hundred books 四百本书three thousand students 三千名学生two dozen oranges 二十四个橙子 one million dollars 一百万美元(2)“hundreds/thousands/dozens/scores .of”表示不确定数目。如:hundreds of students 成百上千名学生 scores of chairs 几十把椅子dozens of oranges 几十个橙子 millions of workers 数百万的工人,二、序数词1. 序数词的基本构成(见下表)。,2. 序数词的变化规则。(1)一般情况下,基数词词尾加th,即可构成序数词。如:fourfourth, eighteeneighteenth, hundredhundredth等。(2)以y 结尾的基数词变序数词,先变y为ie,再加th。如:fiftyfiftieth, thirtythirtieth等。(3)不规则序数词的变化,如:onefirst, twosecond, threethird,fivefifth, eighteighth, nineninth, twelvetwelfth等。(4)多位数的序数词:前面的数字用基数词,最后的个位数字用序数词表示。如:twenty-first, ninety-second等。序数词前面一般加定冠词the,但有时可加a/an,表示“再一,又一”。,三、数词的其他用法1. 编号编号的数字如果过小,可以用序数词或基数词表示;如果数字较大,则采用基数词。如:No.1 Middle School 第一中学Room 505 第505号房间Lesson Threethe third lesson 第三课2. 小数、分数、倍数和百分比(1)表示小数。小数的表达方式:基数词小数点基数词(小数点读成point,小数点后的数按单个基数词读)。如:one point five 1.5 three point one four 3.14thirteen point one four 13.14(2)表示分数。分数的表达方式:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子在前,分母在后;分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。如:,one third 1/3 one fourth 1/4two thirds 2/3 three fourths 3/4分数的特殊表达方式:one second/a half 1/2; one fourth/a quarter 1/4。(3)表示倍数。倍数形容词/副词比较级than。如:The room is twice bigger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍。倍数as形容词/副词原级as。如:The river is four times as long as that one. 这条河是那条河的四倍长。注:twice 两倍; three times 三倍;三倍以上均用“基数词times”。(4)表示百分比。百分比的表达方式:基数词percent。如:seven percent 7% one hundred and four percent 104%,3. 日期、时间和年龄(1)表示日期。the first 1号 the fourteenth 14号1961年 读作:nineteen sixty-one公元前607年 读作:six O seven BC.公元后830年 读作:eight thirty AD.1987年12月25日 写作:December 25th, 1987读作:December the twenty-fifth, nineteen eighty-seven(顺读)the twenty-fifth of December, nineteen eighty-seven(逆读)(2)表示时间。表示几点钟时,用基数词, 如: 8:00(eight oclock)等。一刻钟的表达方式: fifteen minutes, a quarter。,“几点几分”有以下两种表达方式。当分钟数不超过三十分钟时,用past或顺读。 如:fourteen past five/five fourteen 5:14half past five/five thirty 5:30当分钟数超过三十分钟时,用to或顺读。 如:ten to six/five fifty 5:50(3)表示年龄。“inones整十的基数词的复数形式”可以表示年龄。如:The old man is in his sixties. 这位老人六十多岁了。注:表示年代、世纪时,在整十的基数词后加s或s,并在前面加定冠词the。如:in the 1970s/1970s 在20世纪70年代in the early/middle/late 1980s 在20世纪80年代初/中/末期,PART03,典例解析,()(2013年对口升学考试)The story happened _.A. in 1970s B. in his 70sC. in 70s D. in the 1970s【点拨】本题考查数词表示年代的用法。句意:“这个故事发生在20世纪70年代。”表示年代、世纪时,在数词后加s 或s,并在年代前加定冠词the。,D,PART04,同步精练,()1. Is there a room for us _?A. the third B. threeC. third D. the three【解析】 基数词在句中作宾语us的同位语,且基数词前不加the。故选B。()2. Which class are you in?We are in _.A. the Class One B. Class FirstC. Class One D. First Class【解析】 班级编号用基数词,首字母大写,其前不加定冠词the。故选C。,B,C,()3. Mr. Black works on _ floor.A. nine B. the nineC. ninth D. the ninth【解析】 “第几层楼”用序数词,序数词前要加冠词the。 故选D。()4. Two _ died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples【解析】 hundred前有具体数字时,hundred用单数; people单复数同形。故选B。,D,B,()5. This tall building has _ floors. And Mike lives on the _ floor.A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfthC. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelfth【解析】 句意:“这座楼有十二层高,迈克住在第十二层。”第一空表数量,填基数词,第二空表顺序,填序数词。故选D。,D,()6. _ of the land in that country _ covered with trees and grass.A. Three seventh; is B. Three sevenths; isC. Three seventh; are D. Three sevenths; are【解析】 分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子在前,分母在后;当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。因此“七分之三”为three sevenths;当主语中有分数、百分数时,谓语动词由它后面的名词确定,the land是单数,所以填is。故选B。,B,()7. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _ we speak.A. twice as much as B. as twice much asC. as much as twice D. as much twice as【解析】 倍数表达法:倍数as原级as。故选A。()8. _ of the ink has already been used up. Youd better buy a new bottle.Two third B. Two thirds C. Two three D. Two threes【解析】 分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子在前,分母在后;分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。故选B。,A,B,()9. Alice began to travel all over the world in her early _.thirteen B. thirty C. thirties D. thirtieth【解析】 in ones thirties 在某人三十几岁时。故选C。()10. According to the news report, every year about 50 _ toys are sold to Europe in their factory.A. millions of B. million ofC. millions D. million【解析】 hundred, thousand, million前如有数字用单数形式;后面如果与of连用则用复数形式,且此时前面不能与数字连用。故选D。,C,D,()11. The beautiful girl is in her _.A. twenty B. twentiethC. twenties D. twentys【解析】 in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时。故选C。()12. He is _ tallest in our class.A. the second B. secondC. the two D. two【解析】 “第二”用序数词second,且前加定冠词the。 故选A。,C,A,()13. Which of the following is WRONG?A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen-years-old.【解析】 本题考查年龄的表达形式。D项应为“He is fifteen years old” 。故选D。()14. The Peoples Republic of China was founded on _. .A. October 1st, 1949 B. August 1st, 1927C. January 1st, 1949 D. July 1st, 1927【解析】 生活常识,中华人民共和国是在1949年10月1日成立的。故选A。,D,A,()15. I bought two _ socks.A. dozens B. dozens ofC. dozen of D. dozen【解析】 dozen前有基数词时,不用复数形式,其后也不加of。 故选D。()16. The street is _ wide.A. two meters B. two meterC. the two meter D. a two meter【解析】 “两米宽”为two meters wide。故选A。,D,A,()17. The size of that island is about _ this one.A. three times as much as B. as three times much asC. as three times greater as D. three times as big as【解析】 倍数表达法:倍数as原级as, size不能用much修饰,只能用big 修饰。故选D。()18. There are _ days in May. May is the _ month of a year.A. thirty; five B. thirty-one; fifthC. thirty-first; five D. thirtieth; fifth【解析】 5月有31天(基数词);5月是一年中第五个月份(序数词)。故选B。,D,B,()19. Which room do you live in?_.A. The 201 Room B. Room 201C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room【解析】 房间编号用基数词,首字母大写,其前不加定冠词the。故选B。()20. What time is it?_(3:50)A. ten past three B. three past fiftyC. ten to three D. ten to four【解析】 超过30分钟用介词to,“四点差十分”即ten to four。故选D。,B,D,THANKS,