公开课英语阅读理解词义猜测题ppt课件.ppt
阅读理解,词义猜测题, Warming-up To construct a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole. Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45degreeangled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over，and no more than three inches above，the cup. (2017全国卷D节选)What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?AThe tube.BThe still.CThe hole. DThe cup.,上下文线索构词法, Strategies 词义猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分（尤其是该词或短语前后的句子）进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。考查范围涉及单词意义理解、短语意义理解、句子意义理解或代词指代对象的确定等。一、常见设问方式The underlined word in the second paragraph means “_”Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “hunch” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by“_”What does the phrase “knock off” in Paragraph 1 mean?The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means “_”The word “it” in the last sentence refers to “_”,二、干扰选项特征1字面解释的选项词义猜测题考的就是考生能不能结合文章其他信息来理解词句在具体语境中的意思，所以正确答案绝对不会是考查词句的字面解释。2与上下文结合不紧密的选项选项如果是上段、上上段或下段、下下段中的内容，是很难和所考查单词、词组或句子产生任何逻辑和语义关系的。,三、解题方法解答此类题型以及在阅读时遇到生词需要去推断其含义时，可以采用构词法或语境法。一）构词法：派生法（添加前缀或后缀）、合成法（两个或两个以上单词组合）、拼缀法（去头去尾法）、转化法（改变词性）。,_法1. mispronounce _ 2. container_ 3. unconditional_ _法1. push-button_ 2. bookmark_ 3. by-product_ _法1. net, citizen_ 2. costume, play_ 3. automobile, home _ _法1.“After she comes back, Ill back her,” John said sitting at the back of the room.翻译：_2. The people present at the party all presented him with a present, so he thinks they are friendly at present.翻译：_,派生,误读,容器,无条件的,合成,按钮,书签,副产品,拼缀,netizen 网民,cosplay角色扮演,autome 流动住宅车,转化,adv. 回来 v. 支持 n. 后面,adj. 在场的 v. 赠与 n. 礼物 n. 现在,二）语境法：上下文线索、逻辑关系、常识经验示例1Despite the celebrations，though，in the US. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.Its Jason Morans job to help change that. As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and preserve its history and culture. (2017全国卷C)What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?AJazz becoming more accessible.BThe production of jazz growing faster.CJazz being less popular with the young.DThe jazz audience becoming larger.,上下文线索,示例2The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. (2015北京高考阅读C)The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means _.Asilently BgraduallyCregularly Dcompletely,常识构词法,示例3His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. _1. He replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. _The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. _He strayed because of the darkness, and didnt know where he was. _ 上下文逻辑关系有解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、并列关系等。通常句中会有明显的表示各种关系的连接词。,动物学家,仓促的,永久的,迷路,逻辑关系, Practice,
