实用阅读攻略：托福阅读长难句解析.doc

实用阅读攻略：托福阅读长难句解析 托福阅读有三大难点：词汇，长难句和篇章结构。今天给大家带来托福阅读长难句解析，希望可以帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。实用阅读攻略丨托福阅读长难句解析一. 托福阅读长难句托福阅读中为什么会有长难句?如果托福阅读中都是简单句那也体现不出来你高超的英语水平。简单地来说，就是为了测试你的英语水平，确保你具备像native speaker那样的阅读能力，不影响你日后到国外读书时阅读外文资料。所以理解托福阅读*长难句对我们英语水平提升是有帮助的，大家一定要积极应对。托福阅读长难句有多长?刷过阅读题的小伙伴们都知道，长难句少则两三行，多则五六行，甚至会出现一整段只有一句话的情况。长难句通常会出句子简化题(细节题和推断题也常涉及长难句)。长难句的难点就在于长，中文表达中很少会有如此冗长的句子，所以大家初见英文*长难句会很不习惯。那么，应该如何解决托福阅读中的长难句呢?二. 托福阅读长难句如何分析1. 简化解决托福阅读长难句的第一步是简化句子。简化句子最为有效的方法就是找到句子的主谓宾结构。我们通过一个例子来看看如何简化长难句。A few art collectors Tames Bowdoin of Boston, William Byrd of Virginia, and the Aliens and Hamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries,especially aspiring artists,and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.这个句子很长，但是如果我们找到句子的主干以后就可以将其简化成下面的句子：A few art collectors introduced European art traditions to those colonists and established in their respective communities the idea and the need.这样看起来整个句子是不是一目了然非常好理解了。其实只要抓住句子的主谓宾结构，就可以迅速将句子简化，了接句子的大意。但是这样还不够，接下来还有一步。2. 还原简化过后我们可以迅速了接*的大意，但是却缺失了修饰成分，想要全面了解句意，我们要还要将句子的修饰成分归还给各个修饰成分。举个简单的例子，这个定语从句“This is an old computer that works much slower.”的主干就是“This is a computer”，但若是不将修饰成分加回来，我们就不知道这个电脑的状态是“old”，而且“works much slower”。所以完成了简化以后要将修饰成分归位更加全面地了解句意。托福阅读长难句：行为温度调节The principal elements in behavioral thermoregulation are basking (heliothermy),heat exchange with substrates such as rock or earth (thigmothermy)，and diurnal and annual avoidance behaviors,which include moving to shelter during the day for cooling and hibernating or estivating (reducing activity during cold or hot weather, respectively).( TPO40,48)bask /b?sk/ v. 坐着或躺着取暖substrate /s?bstre?t/ n. 底物，基片，基质;被(酶)作用物diurnal /da?n(?)l/ adj. 白天的，白昼的;每日的hibernate /ha?b?ne?t/ v. 冬眠estivate /i?st?ve?t/ v. (动物)夏眠respectively adv. 各自地分析：修饰一：(in behavioral thermoregulation) ，介词短语中文：行为温度调节修饰二：(with substrates such as rock or earth (thigmothermy) ) ，介词短语中文：与基质如岩石或土壤进行热交换(接触热源)修饰三：(which include moving to shelter during the day for cooling and hibernating or estivating) ，从句中文：这包括转移到遮蔽处去乘凉、冬眠或夏眠修饰四：(reducing activity during cold or hot weather, respectively) ，非谓语动词中文：分别在寒冷或炎热的天气减少活动参考翻译：行为温度调节主要的要素有：晒太阳(日光浴)，与基质如岩石或土壤进行热交换(接触热源)，以及每天或每年的躲避行为，这包括转移到遮蔽处去乘凉、冬眠或夏眠(分别在寒冷或炎热的天气减少活动)。托福阅读长难句：地球上的二氧化碳The answer to the first question is that carbon dioxide is still found in abundance on Earth, but now, instead of being in the form of atmospheric carbon dioxide, it is either dissolved in the oceans or chemically bound into carbonate rocks, such as the limestone and marble that formed in the oceans. ( TPO41, 53)abundance /?b?nd(?)ns/ n. 丰富，充裕atmospheric /?tm?sfer?k/ adj. 大气的dissolve /d?z?lv/ v. 溶解limestone /?la?m?st?n/ n. 石灰石marble /m?b(?)l/ n. 大理石分析：这个句子的主干是：The answer to the first question is 从句 , but now, it is either dissolved in the oceans or chemically bound into carbonate rocks修饰一：(that carbon dioxide is still found in abundance on Earth) ，从句中文：在地球上二氧化碳依然可以大量被找到修饰二：(instead of being in the form of atmospheric carbon dioxide) ，介词短语中文：它不是以大气中的二氧化碳的形式出现修饰三：(such as the limestone and marble that formed in the oceans.) ，介词短语中文：例如在海洋中形成的石灰石和大理石修饰四：(that formed in the oceans.) ，从句中文：在海洋中形成的参考翻译：第一个问题的答案是，在地球上二氧化碳依然可以大量被找到，但是现在，它不是以大气中的二氧化碳的形式出现，它溶解在海洋里或者通过化学作用进入碳酸盐岩中，例如在海洋中形成的石灰石和大理石。实用阅读攻略：托福阅读长难句解析