托福写作必备热点话题背景词汇整理.doc

托福写作必备热点话题背景词汇整理 托福写作必备热点话题背景词汇整理介绍 ,环境类高频词一览，今天给大家带来了托福写作必备热点话题背景词汇整理介绍，希望能够给帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福写作必备热点话题背景词汇整理介绍 环境类高频词一览污染物 n. pollutant尽可能减少，最小化 vt. minimize倾倒 vt. dump循环使用 vt. recycle灌溉 n. irrigation居住于 vt. inhabit节约使用 v. conserve保护 v. preserve再利用 v. reuse/ recycle短缺 n. shortage/ scarcity/ dearth/ lack污染 v. pollute生态系统 the ecosystem有益于环保的 adj. eco-friendly环境恶化 environmental degradation/ environmental deterioration当地的居民 local resident/ local inhabitants紫外线 ultraviolet (UV) rays皮肤癌 skin cancer防晒霜 n. sunscreen有毒的 adj. poisonous/ toxic无毒的 adj. non-toxic免疫系统 immune system一次性的 adj. disposable(人)吸入 vt. inhale负面影响 adverse effects沙尘暴 n. sandstorm砍伐森林 n. deforestation可以被环境吸收的 adj. biodegradable联合的 joint effort/ concerted effort国际社会而不是国际社区 the international community臭氧层 ozone layer对形成压力 put a strain on有环保意识的 adj. environmentally-conscious不可逆的 adj. irreversible化学反应 chemical reactions安静的，宁静的 tranquil and serene有限的自然资源 limited/ finite natural resources替代性能源 alternative energy商品包装的总称 n. packaging污染 vt. contaminate二氧化碳排放 carbon dioxide emission(s)汽车尾气 exhaust fumes酸雨 acid rain冰川 n. glacier排放(污染物) vt. discharge可持续发展 sustainable development节约 vt. conserve植被 n. vegetation光合作用 n. photosynthesis太阳能 solar energy风能 wind energy核能 nuclear energy水电 n. hydropower烟雾重的 adj. smoggy呼吸系统疾病 respiratory disease极大的痛苦 n. agony人造的 adj. artificial改变，变更 vt. alter适当的 adj. appropriate愤慨的 adj. indignant鼓励环保 go green开采自然资源 exploit natural resources热带雨林 n. rainforests侵蚀 vt. erode连锁反应 chain reaction水波效应，连锁反应 ripple effect蝴蝶效应，连锁反应 butterfly effect彻底改变我们的生活 reshape our lives贫瘠的土地 barren/ infertile land肥沃的土地 fertile land警惕 n.vt. caution化肥 chemical fertilizer杀虫剂 n. pesticide丰富的，充裕的 adj. abundant辐射 n. radiation(多指对环境、建筑等)破坏 wreak havoc on sth.恶化 v. deteriorate/ aggravate生态平衡 ecological balance ecological equilibrium可持续发展 sustainable development环保主义者 n. environmentalists/ conservationists对环境无害的 adj. environmentally-friendly各国必须携手解决环境问题 countries on this planet must join forces/ make a concerted effort unite/ combat environmental problems增强公众关于的意识 raise (or elevate) the public awareness of sth.让资源承受很大压力 put a strain on the resources/ stretch resources to the limit破坏自然环境 wreak havoc on natural resources砍伐森林 n. deforestation增加农产品产量 boost crop yield可再生资源 renewable resources消耗 v. consume/ deplete用尽 use up exhaust严厉的措施 n. harsh actions/ measures某一地区所有生物总称 the wildlife in a region生物的多样性 n. biodiversity污水 n. effluent/ sewage温室效应 greenhouse effect严重的 adj. severe白色污染产生的垃圾 non-biodegradable garbage谴责而不是纵容 condemn rather than condone sth.肥沃的土壤 fertile soil贫瘠的土壤 infertile soil耕地 n. arable land托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：advertisements promote things we do not need托福写作难点话题一览Do advertisements promote things we do not need or products that may improve our lives?Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.写作思路展开结构分析倾向于同意后者广告的好处：介绍新产品;降低报纸、杂志、电视节目的价格。广告的不良影响(可大多情况下，那不是广告的错，而是制作者的责任，这些可以通过法制解决) 结论是，广告有很多好处，也有一些不足，可是没有广告却是不可以的。本话题高分范文赏析Over the last twenty years the amount of adverting we are subjected to in our daily lives has increased dramatically. It has got to the point where one can hardly turn his/her head without seeing a wide array of media images. I tend to agree the fact that advertisements more often than not persuade us into buying things that we do not need. Often it is difficult to discern what a product is from an advertisement. Advertisers prey on our basal emotions, conjuring strong relationships between our primary drives and their product names or logos.A prime example of this is perfume ads. In many of these types of advertisements there are women in compromising positions, but there is no mention of the actual product for sale. These ads draw us in and make us think that we can be better and more beautiful if we have the product. In addition to being manipulative, advertisements also fill our environments and our consciousness. There is no taboo venue for advertisements; they fill our televisions, radios, streets and elevators. Some advertisers have even taken to placing images of their products in our urinals or on boxers bodies. It is impossible to get away from them. To illustrate this point, all one has to do is to pick up a popular magazine. While flipping through the pages, one will most likely find that for every page of content there are at least two pages of advertisements. It should also be noted that a significant portion of this so called "content" is actually advertising in disguise.Finally, advertisements feed on our insecurities and often successfully convince us that we have no value to society without their products. Advertising was originally designed to showcase products and inform us as to how they can improve our lives. This harmless form has been replaced by a medium that viciously attacks our self-confidence and self-esteem. In conclusion, I posit that the main goal of advertisements is to convince us to buy things that we do not need. As globalization continues to shrink the world, advertising coerces all countries to become consumer nations.托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：traditional house or modern apartment building托福写作难点话题一览Live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building?Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.写作思路展开结构分析关于住宅从便利性的角度来展开是比较简单的，因此选择现代公寓更容易写。相比传统的房子：主要是方便，设施更完整，上下水(sewerage system);互联网接入(accessing internet);有线电视系统(cable TV);煤气供应(gas supply);容易清扫，清扫范围少。本话题高分范文赏析Choosing a home is a very personal decision to make. Some people prefer to live in traditional houses, while others would rather live in modern apartment buildings. Personally, I would prefer to live in a modern building over a traditional house. Modern buildings provide better services, they are stronger and safer, and they are more conveniently located. When people move into a modern apartment building, they are immediately surrounded by all of the comforts they could possibly want. Modern buildings typically have new plumbing and hardware. Because of this there are usually very few problems with new apartment buildings. In addition to this, they also come supplied with refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioning, and the Internet. Many new buildings have the added bonus of having a workout facility or a swimming pool. All of these advantages make an apartment a much more attractive option than a traditional house. Modern buildings are also stronger and safer than traditional houses. They are made completely of concrete, which is a very durable material. These buildings are always designed by important architects who have a detailed knowledge of building materials, and methods that ensure that natural disasters will not affect the stability of the complex. In addition to this, all modern buildings have to be inspected by engineers, who carefully evaluate the structure to ensure that it is sound and can withstand natural or unnatural disasters. Many older structures were built using the experience of the builder rather than any empirical understanding of building materials and the forces they can withstand. Traditional houses are also usually built in quiet areas outside the city. Most modern apartment buildings are constructed in the core of the city, offering the residents a wide range of services right outside their door. Detailed analyses are made by civic engineers and city planners to ensure that all necessary services are readily available. This includes transportation, shopping, employment and recreational facilities. Living too far outside the city can be a hindrance to ones business and social life.托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：a long vacation or several short vacations托福写作难点话题一览Should students be given a long vacation or several short vacations?Some people believe that students should be given one long vacation each year. Others believe that students should have several short vacations throughout the year. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.写作思路展开结构分析无所谓选择哪一个立场。强调一个立场的种种理由的同时，不要忘了提及另外一个立场的些许好处。然后采用让步方式得出自己的结论。本话题高分范文赏析Vacation is a very important part of student life. I would agree that it is best for the students to have many short vacations. School can be a very tiring, tedious experience at times. If students get regular breaks in between intensive periods of studies, they will be more relaxed and ready to learn new material upon returning to school. In addition to this, a change in environment, even if only for a week, gives one the opportunity to relax while reflecting on ones studies. Many students find that even a short break allows them to refresh enough to continue with school. Having many breaks throughout the year is also good for ones social life. If people have the opportunity to catch up with friends and family on a regular basis throughout the year, they will never feel as though they were losing touch with loved ones. Socializing with friends and family is also an excellent way to relax. If students frequently have this kind of opportunity, they will be more at ease and ready for the next semester of school. Moreover, if the school year is broken down into many short semesters, the schools will be able to put a greater amount of focus into the curriculum of the courses. Many students find that by the end of a long semester, they have forgotten the information that they learned at the beginning of the term. By having short, intensive study sessions, students will quickly learn a small amount of information, and thus be able to keep it locked in their minds for a long time to come. Consequently, I think that it is vastly preferable to have numerous short vacations throughout the year. Students will find that they are more relaxed, and can better focus on their studies all year round.