中石油职称英语考试真题问题详解.doc

中石油职称英语考试真题答案试卷一I. VocabularyDirections: There are some inplete sentences in this part. Beneath eachsentence you will see four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answerthat best pletes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. German, spoken by just over 100 million people, is one of the world's ten-largest languages _ population. A. in place of B. by means of C. in terms of D. by way of2. Four score and seven years ago our fathers _ on this continent a new nation. A. brought out B. brought forth C. brought about D. brought up3. The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned red. A. set up B. catch up C. shut up D. pull up4. There are no extremes of temperature on South Island. Summers are warm, not hot, and winters are brisk _ freezing. A. in spite of B. other than C. rather than D. regardless of5. After we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decided to settle there A. in turn B. for good C. as usual D. at most6. Generous public funding of basic science would _ considerable benefits for the country's health, wealth and security. A. result from B. lie in C. lead to D. figure out7. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _ of what I said. A. notice B. warning C. observation D. attention8. Our pany decided to _ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met. A. destroy B. forbidden C. assume D. cancel9. We'll visit Australia next year _ we have enough money.A. provided B. unless C. until D. lest10. Scientists are about the formation of coal. A. confidential B. confer C. confident D. conform11. William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A. peculiarly B. indifferently C. vigorously D. inevitably12. The Great Wall is a famous tourist , drawing millions of visitors every year. A. attention B. attraction C. appointment D. arrangement13. Purchasing the new production line will be a _ deal for the corporation.A. profitable B. tremendous C. forceful D. favorite14. He felt a bit because her life seemed pletely out of balance.A. depressed B. suppress C. thoughtful D. weakness15. Some people wait for_ to e knocking. Some people sought it out. A. necessity B. opportunity C. reality D. probability16. Some younger workers assume older workers can't keep _ with fast-changing technology and business pressures.A. pace B. step C. progress D. touch17. If things are going badly, the optimist acts quickly, looking for _ and forming a new plan of action. A. result B. solutions C. response D. settlement18. The lead pencil is the simplest, most and least expensive of all writing instruments. A. adaptable B. fortable C. convenient D. standard19. Now insurance panies are near the top of the _ of the biggest business in the United States. A. chart B. form C. list D. table20. Sales-promotion methods, to be effective, should be with local preference.A. consistent B. continuous C. considerate D. continualII. Grammatical StructureDirections: There are some inplete sentences in this part. Beneath eachsentence you will see ur choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answerthat best pletes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. The old man soaked his hands in the cold water and _ to keep his head clear.A. tried B. trying C. being tried D. was tried22. Smith was very busy last week. Otherwise he to see you. A. came B. would e C. had e D. would have e23. With all the things she needed she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour. A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to have bought24. I appreciated _ the opportunity to work abroad three years ago.A. having been given B. having given C. to have been given D. to have given25. He has won the first place, _ is clear from the expressions on his face. A. that B. as C. what D. when26. Only later what a terrible thing had happened. A. they have realized B. did they realize C. they realized D. they realize27. _ planes in flight between airports, air traffic controllers rely on radar. A. Tracked B. To track C. Being tracked D. The tracking of28. I wish Bob would drive us to the airport but he has _ to take us all. A. very small a car B. too small a car C. a too small car D. such a small car29. He is taller thanA. any other boy in the class B. any boy in the class C. all boys in the class D. you and me as well as the class30. Physics as well as other subjects _ a science. A. was B. is C. are D. belong to31. "I always get confused about tipping in this country." "Usually you _ to leave 15 percent for a waiter or waitress. Taxi drivers expect 10 or 15 percent, too."A. ought B. should C. might D. can 32. millions of galaxies exist in the vast space outside the Milky Way.A. It is estimated that B. An estimate that C. That is estimated D. That the estimate 33. As resident of Texas, Dennis _ to the House of Representatives in 1930 and to the Senate in 1938. A. when elected B. elected C. who was elected D. was elected 34. The instructions are too clear on the bottle: These tablets _ they are able to make about twenty different sounds. A. will be kept B. are to be kept C. shall keep D. shall have kept 35. Green have the power to make food from substances found in the air and soil. A. only plants B. plants alone C. the only plants D. plants are alone 36. China and America are separated by _ A. Pacific Ocean B. a Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean D. Pacific Oceans 37. "I don't like your attitude." "I don't care _ A. if or not you like it B. whether you like it or not C. do you like it or not D. you like it or not38. _ I go on holiday, I always seem to be unlucky with the weather. A. Where B. How C. Whenever D. While39. Many live in Hawaii, more than _ of whose people boast on Asian or Polynesian heritage.A. two-thirds B. two-third C. second-third D. two-three40. It is the earth's 40 mile deep crust with _ we are concerned when we seek the cause of earthquake. A. that B. what C. which D. whomIII. Reading prehensionSection ADirections: There are 5passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. You shouM decide on the best choice and mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage: Scientists now believe that many, if not all, living things are born with sometype of hidden clock. These clocks are sometimes set by the number of hours of lightor darkness in a day, by the rhythm of the tides or by the seasons. One of the most remarkable of nature's living clocks belongs to the fiddler crab,that familiar beach-dweller with the overgrown claw. Biologists have long knownthat the crab's shell is darkest during the day, grows pale in late afternoon, thenbegins to darken again at daybreak. This daytime darkening is valuable forprotection against enemies and sunlight, and for many years it was thought to be asimple response by the crab to the sun-just as if we were to get a tan during the dayand lose it at night. But when an enterprising scientist placed a fiddler crab in darkness, he wasamazed to find that the color of the crab's shell kept ticking off the time with thesame accuracy. Yet another startling fact was revealed: the crab's shell reached the darkest colorabout 50 minutes later each day. There was a second clock inside the crab, for thetides also occur 50 minutes later from day to day. Moreover, even when the crabswere taken from the beach and put back in the dark, they continued their tidalrhythm. More research disclosed that a crab from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, reachedits darkest color four hours earlier than the one taken from a beach on a neighboringisland. The tides on the nearby island were found to be exactly four hours later thanthe Cape Cod tides. Birds also have built-in timepieces which send them off on fall and springmigrations. What the birds really have is a clock-like mechanism which allows themto time hours of darkness or light in each day. But what sends birds northward again in the spring? New research by Dr. AlbertWolfson of Northwestern University seems to indicate that the timing of remm flightis extraordinarily plex. In the fall of the year the short days and long nightscause the "clocks" in migratory birds to undergo a kind of "winding" in preparationfor their spring remm and breeding. Then during the late fall and winter as the clock"ticks", certain physiological changes occur in the bird. The length of each dayduring the winter determines how fast the clock will mn, and hence when the"alarm" will ring for the spring migration. The clock continues to run throughbreeding time, then stops-to be re-wound again the next fall. Scientists are now learning that many of the clocks of nature can be reset,speeded up or slowed down-all for our benefit. Pioneering experiments at the U. S.Department of Agriculture's research center in Beltsville, Maryland, have shownthat plants can be helped to develop faster in less time. By increasing or lesseningthe hours of darkness in each day, the scientists have been able to mm plant growthoff and on like an electric switch. New knowledge about nature's living clocks has practical applications. For man,too, seems to follow daily rhythms. The amount of sugar in our blood stream varieswith the time of day, as does our temperature. More of the cells in our skin and muscles divide during the night hours than during the day. By tinkering with the clocks of plants and animals, scientists may learn more about the fascinating way our bodies work. 41. Although scientists know that the number of hours of daylight controls the actions of some living things, they know that this is not the only factor because A. the fiddler crab's shell reached the darkest color at the same time in Cape Cod, Massachusetts and its neighboring islandB. the fiddler crab continued to change color in the dark C. plants will not grow without sunlight D. all of the above 42. From this article we conclude that these rhythms in nature occur most spectacularly _ A. in the higher orders of living things B. in the lower orders of living thingsC. in birds and animals :i : 08 D. in man43. Scientists have learned to control to some extent the naturally rhythmical activities of A. migrating birdsB. growing plants C. body cells D. fiddler crabs44. This article is basically _A. informational B. entertaining C. inspirational D. controversialQuestions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage: There are several ways of listening that net us nothing but trouble, according toDr. Ralph Nichols of the University of Minnesota. If we recognize and try toconquer them, we can step up our listening ability by about twenty-five percent andthereby greatly increase our chances for success in our daily lives. Unless you are very unusual indeed, says Dr. Nichols, you must plead guilty toseveral of the following bad listening habits: Shut-Ear Listening: Maybe you feel you already know what the speaker isgoing to say. Or his subject couldn't interest you less. You mm off your ears-andwho knows what you may be missing or when a little knowledge on that subjectmay e in mighty handy? Anyway, why take the risk? Over-My-Head Listening: You are convinced that the subject is beyond you,so you depart, at least in spirit. You may be right. And then again you may be wrong.If you let the words enter your mind, you may be surprised to discover that theymake sense. But even if they are as strange as Greek to you, you should try to listenand understand. Otherwise you may find some day that you must attempt to grasp anover-your-head idea and be totally unable even to try. Memory Test Listening: Some people think that trying to memorize a series offacts is good listening. They are wrong. For instance, you are getting a story for yourschool paper on an assembly speaker. He makes a series of points. You try tomemorize them. But while you are busy planting facts A, B, and C in your mind,repeating them over and over, you are losing out on facts D and E. Better to look formain ideas. You will find them more useful and easier to recall later. Take-It-All-Down Listening: When you try to get too many of the speaker'swords on paper, part of your mind must be concerned with your note-taking. You areunable to concentrate fully on what he is saying. You risk losing valuable points.Where note-taking is necessary-and you may be surprised to find out how often itisn't if you concentrate fully on listening-try to jot down only a memory-joggingword or two. Or put the main ideas on paper after the speaker has finished. The moreplete attention you give the speaker, the easier it will be to recall his ideas later. Personality Listening: You bee so concerned with the way the speakerlooks or how he talks that what he says fails to penetrate. Perhaps unconsciously youdecide that a person who dresses or speaks like that can't have much to say. Thatcould be a very false conclusion. Who knows what you may be missing? It's the oldstory: you can't judge a gift by the package. Better to judge him after you have heardhim out. So there are the forces-some within ourselves, some outside-that workagainst us in our efforts to listen. But once we learn what they are and how to fightthem, we are well on our way to getting rid of wasteful listening h